GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genomic evidence uncovers inbreeding and supports translocations in rescuing the genetic diversity of a landlocked seal population
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Conservation Genetics Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2023-04), p. 155-165
    Details
    In: Conservation Genetics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2023-04), p. 155-165
    Abstract: Fragmentation of isolated populations increases the risk of inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity. The endemic Saimaa ringed seal ( Pusa hispida saimensis ) is one of the most endangered pinnipeds in the world with a population of only ~ 400 individuals. The current genetic diversity of this subspecies, isolated in Lake Saimaa in Finland for ca. 1000 generations, is alarmingly low. We performed whole-genome sequencing on Saimaa ringed seals (N = 30) and analyzed the level of homozygosity and genetic composition across the individual genomes. Our results show that the Saimaa ringed seal population has a high number of runs of homozygosity (RoH) compared with the neighboring Baltic ringed seal ( Pusa hispida botnica ) reference population ( p   〈  0.001). There is also a tendency for stillborn seal pups to have more pronounced RoH. Since the population is divided into semi-isolated subpopulations within the Lake Saimaa exposing the population to deleterious genomic effects, our results support augmented gene flow as a genetic conservation action. Based on our results suggesting inbreeding depression in the population, we recommend Pihlajavesi as a potential source and Southern Saimaa as a potential recipient subpopulation for translocating individuals. The Saimaa ringed seal is a recognized subspecies and therefore translocations should be considered only within the lake to avoid an unpredictable risk of disease, the introduction of deleterious alleles, and severe ecological issues for the population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1566-0621 , 1572-9737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10592-022-01497-9
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015081-7
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic comparisons yield insight into the evolution of enamel thickness during human evolution
    Elsevier BV ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Human Evolution Vol. 73 ( 2014-08), p. 75-87
    Details
    In: Journal of Human Evolution, Elsevier BV, Vol. 73 ( 2014-08), p. 75-87
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0047-2484
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.01.005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469645-9
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S17-02 Development and the most unexpected nature of evolutionary modifications
    Elsevier BV ; 2009
    In:  Mechanisms of Development Vol. 126 ( 2009-08), p. S44-
    Details
    In: Mechanisms of Development, Elsevier BV, Vol. 126 ( 2009-08), p. S44-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0925-4773
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2009.06.1014
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466356-9
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The origin and loss of periodic patterning in the turtle shell
    The Company of Biologists ; 2014
    In:  Development Vol. 141, No. 15 ( 2014-08-01), p. 3033-3039
    Details
    In: Development, The Company of Biologists, Vol. 141, No. 15 ( 2014-08-01), p. 3033-3039
    Abstract: The origin of the turtle shell over 200 million years ago greatly modified the amniote body plan, and the morphological plasticity of the shell has promoted the adaptive radiation of turtles. The shell, comprising a dorsal carapace and a ventral plastron, is a layered structure formed by basal endochondral axial skeletal elements (ribs, vertebrae) and plates of bone, which are overlain by keratinous ectodermal scutes. Studies of turtle development have mostly focused on the bones of the shell; however, the genetic regulation of the epidermal scutes has not been investigated. Here, we show that scutes develop from an array of patterned placodes and that these placodes are absent from a soft-shelled turtle in which scutes were lost secondarily. Experimentally inhibiting Shh, Bmp or Fgf signaling results in the disruption of the placodal pattern. Finally, a computational model is used to show how two coupled reaction-diffusion systems reproduce both natural and abnormal variation in turtle scutes. Taken together, these placodal signaling centers are likely to represent developmental modules that are responsible for the evolution of scutes in turtles, and the regulation of these centers has allowed for the diversification of the turtle shell.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1477-9129 , 0950-1991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/dev.109041
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007916-3
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The life history of an embryonic signaling center: BMP-4 induces p21 and is associated with apoptosis in the mouse tooth enamel knot
    The Company of Biologists ; 1998
    In:  Development Vol. 125, No. 2 ( 1998-01-15), p. 161-169
    Details
    In: Development, The Company of Biologists, Vol. 125, No. 2 ( 1998-01-15), p. 161-169
    Abstract: The enamel knot, a transient epithelial structure, appears at the onset of mammalian tooth shape development. Until now, the morphological, cellular and molecular events leading to the formation and disappearance of the enamel knot have not been described. Here we report that the cessation of cell proliferation in the enamel knot in mouse molar teeth is linked with the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. We show that p21 expression is induced by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) in isolated dental epithelia. As Bmp-4 is expressed only in the underlying dental mesenchyme at the onset of the enamel knot formation, these results support the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors as inducible cell differentiation factors in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Furthermore, we show that the expression of p21 in the enamel knot is followed by Bmp-4 expression, and subsequently by apoptosis of the differentiated enamel knot cells. Three-dimensional reconstructions of serial sections after in situ hybridization and Tunel-staining indicated an exact codistribution of Bmp-4 transcripts and apoptotic cells. Apoptosis was stimulated by BMP-4 in isolated dental epithelia, but only in one third of the explants. We conclude that Bmp-4 may be involved both in the induction of the epithelial enamel knot, as a mesenchymal inducer of epithelial cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and later in the termination of the enamel knot signaling functions by participating in the regulation of programmed cell death. These results show that the life history of the enamel knot is intimately linked to the initiation of tooth shape development and support the role of the enamel knot as an embryonic signaling center.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-1991 , 1477-9129
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/dev.125.2.161
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007916-3
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    FGF signaling refines Wnt gradients to regulate patterning of taste papillae
    The Company of Biologists ; 2017
    In:  Development
    Details
    In: Development, The Company of Biologists
    Abstract: The patterning of repeated structures is a major theme in developmental biology, and the interrelationship between spacing and size of such structures is an open question. Fungiform papillae are repeated epithelial structures that house taste buds on the anterior tongue. Here, we report that FGF signaling is a critical regulator of fungiform papillae development. We found that mesenchymal FGF10 controls the size of the papillary area, while overall patterning remains unchanged. Our results show that FGF signaling negatively affects the extent of canonical Wnt signaling, which is the main activation pathway during fungiform papillae development, but this effect does not occur at the level of gene transcription. Rather, our experimental data together with computational modeling indicate that FGF10 modulates the range of Wnt effects, likely via induction of Sostdc1 expression. We suggest that modification of the reach of Wnt signaling could be due to local changes in morphogen diffusion, representing a novel mechanism in this tissue context, and we propose that this phenomenon might be involved in a broader array of mammalian developmental processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1477-9129 , 0950-1991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/dev.148080
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007916-3
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Population- and Individual-Level Dynamics of the Intestinal Microbiota of a Small Primate
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2016
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 82, No. 12 ( 2016-06-15), p. 3537-3545
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 82, No. 12 ( 2016-06-15), p. 3537-3545
    Abstract: Longitudinal sampling for intestinal microbiota in wild animals is difficult, leading to a lack of information on bacterial dynamics occurring in nature. We studied how the composition of microbiota communities changed temporally in free-ranging small primates, rufous mouse lemurs ( Microcebus rufus ). We marked and recaptured mouse lemurs during their mating season in Ranomafana National Park in southeastern mountainous rainforests of Madagascar for 2 years and determined the fecal microbiota compositions of these mouse lemurs with MiSeq sequencing. We collected 160 fecal samples from 71 animals and had two or more samples from 39 individuals. We found small, but statistically significant, effects of site and age on microbiota richness and diversity and effects of sex, year, and site on microbiota composition, while the within-year temporal trends were less clear. Within-host microbiota showed pervasive variation in intestinal bacterial community composition, especially during the second study year. We hypothesize that the biological properties of mouse lemurs, including their small body size and fast metabolism, may contribute to the temporal intraindividual-level variation, something that should be testable with more-extensive sampling regimes. IMPORTANCE While microbiome research has blossomed in recent years, there is a lack of longitudinal studies on microbiome dynamics on free-ranging hosts. To fill this gap, we followed mouse lemurs, which are small heterothermic primates, for 2 years. Most studied animals have shown microbiota to be stable over the life span of host individuals, but some previous research also found ample within-host variation in microbiota composition. Our study used a larger sample size than previous studies and a study setting well suited to track within-host variation in free-ranging mammals. Despite the overall microbiota stability at the population level, the microbiota of individual mouse lemurs can show large-scale changes in composition in time periods as short as 2 days, suggesting caution in inferring individual-level patterns from population-level data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00559-16
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Finite element analysis of crenulated and non‐crenulated hominid molars: A functional hypothesis explaining the adaptive significance of molar crenulation
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  American Journal of Biological Anthropology Vol. 177, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 760-768
    Details
    In: American Journal of Biological Anthropology, Wiley, Vol. 177, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 760-768
    Abstract: The occlusal surface of many mammalian teeth has grooves that have been collectively called crenulations. The evolutionary significance of this trait is unknown, but it has been associated with a hard diet. It has not been explained, however, why crenulated molars may present an increased mechanical resistance. The objective of this study was to determine whether a crenulated surface dissipate mechanical stress more efficiently than a smooth one. Materials and methods Using μCT scans we built 3D models of lower second molars from Homo , Pan , Gorilla , and Pongo . The crenulated models from Homo and Pongo were modified to remove crenulations. Finite element analysis was used to determine the distribution of mechanical stress in all the models when a vertical force was applied. Results The results show that crenulated molars have a distinctive pattern of mechanical stress, namely the stress is higher in the valleys than in the crests of the crenulations. In non‐crenulated molars, mechanical stress is more homogeneously distributed. Highly crenulated molars of orangutans show the smallest values of mean stress among the compared species. Artificially removing crenulations results in more homogeneous distribution of stresses and increased mean stress values. Conclusions Molar crenulations may increase molar resistance by canalizing mechanical stress from the tip to the base of the cusps. The overall cusp shape also influences the distribution of stress. This mechanism may be a functional hypothesis to explain the association between crenulated molars and mechanically demanding diets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2692-7691 , 2692-7691
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.v177.4
    DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24472
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3129801-1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bracketing phenogenotypic limits of mammalian hybridization
    The Royal Society ; 2018
    In:  Royal Society Open Science Vol. 5, No. 11 ( 2018-11), p. 180903-
    Details
    In: Royal Society Open Science, The Royal Society, Vol. 5, No. 11 ( 2018-11), p. 180903-
    Abstract: An increasing number of mammalian species have been shown to have a history of hybridization and introgression based on genetic analyses. Only relatively few fossils, however, preserve genetic material, and morphology must be used to identify the species and determine whether morphologically intermediate fossils could represent hybrids. Because dental and cranial fossils are typically the key body parts studied in mammalian palaeontology, here we bracket the potential for phenotypically extreme hybridizations by examining uniquely preserved cranio-dental material of a captive hybrid between grey and ringed seals. We analysed how distinct these species are genetically and morphologically, how easy it is to identify the hybrids using morphology and whether comparable hybridizations happen in the wild. We show that the genetic distance between these species is more than twice the modern human–Neanderthal distance, but still within that of morphologically similar species pairs known to hybridize. By contrast, morphological and developmental analyses show grey and ringed seals to be highly disparate, and that the hybrid is a predictable intermediate. Genetic analyses of the parent populations reveal introgression in the wild, suggesting that grey–ringed seal hybridization is not limited to captivity. Taken together, we postulate that there is considerable potential for mammalian hybridization between phenotypically disparate taxa.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2054-5703
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180903
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2787755-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gastrointestinal and Dental Morphology of Herbivorous Mammals: Where does the Laotian Rock Rat Fit?
    Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board ; 2014
    In:  Annales Zoologici Fennici Vol. 51, No. 1-2 ( 2014-04), p. 153-161
    Details
    In: Annales Zoologici Fennici, Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board, Vol. 51, No. 1-2 ( 2014-04), p. 153-161
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-455X , 1797-2450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5735/086.051.0216
    Language: English
    Publisher: Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2017991-1
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...