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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (5)
  • Hua, Lun  (5)
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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (5)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The nutritive value of soybean meal from different sources for sows during mid- and late gestation
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 100, No. 11 ( 2022-11-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 100, No. 11 ( 2022-11-01)
    Abstract: A precise understanding of the nutritive value of soybean meal (SBM) for pregnant sow is required for accurate feeding. Hence, we evaluated the nutritive value of 11 SBM samples from different sources for sows during mid and late gestation. In total, 24 mid-gestating sows (parity three; 230.3 ± 12.0 kg on day 37 of gestation) and 24 late-gestating sows (parity three; 238.8 ± 20.9 kg on day 72 of gestation) were assigned to a replicated 12 × 3 Youden square design with 12 diets and 3 periods. The 12 diets included a corn-based diet and 11 diets containing 25.50% SBMs from different sources. After 5-d adaptation, urine and feces were collected for 5 d. Although the chemical characteristics of SBM varied between samples, no differences were observed in digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, gross energy, crude fiber, and neutral detergent fiber values in SBMs fed to both animal groups. However, de-hulled SBM 4 from Brazil displayed greater ATTD for nitrogen (N) in late-gestating sows (P & lt; 0.05); animals displayed significantly (P & lt; 0.01) greater ME, ME:DE ratio, and N net utilization values when compared with mid-gestating sows. The chemical composition of SBMs can be used to predict DE and ME values. In conclusion, ME, ME:DE ratio, and N net utilization SBM values for late-gestating sows were greater than in mid-gestating sows. Therefore, we should consider differences in ME values for SBMs when formulating diets for sows in mid and late gestation periods.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac298
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nutritional values of cottonseed meal from different sources fed to gestating and non-pregnant sows
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 101 ( 2023-01-03)
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 101 ( 2023-01-03)
    Abstract: This study set out to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of the nutrients and energy in six cottonseed meal (CSM) feedstuffs fed to pregnant and non-pregnant sows. The six types of CSM were: two expelled CSMs with crude protein (CP) levels of 40.67% and 44.64%, and four solvent-extracted CSMs with CP levels of 45.18%, 51.16%, 56.44%, and 59.63%. Fourteen gestating sows (at the fourth parity with body weights of 220.6 ± 18.4 kg at days 30 of gestation) and 14 non-pregnant sows (after the third parity with body weights of 219 ± 14.6 kg) were assigned to a replicated 7 × 3 Youden square design with seven diets and three periods. The seven diets included an entirely corn-based diet and six diets each containing 20.0% of the six CSMs tested. Each period included a 5-d acclimation to the experimental diets, followed by a 5-d period during which urine and feces were collected. Significant differences were found among the six CSM diets, regardless of reproductive stage, regarding 1) the ATTD of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P & lt; 0.05) and 2) the ATTD of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and CP and the gross energy (GE) (P & lt; 0.01). Non-pregnant sows had a greater ATTD of OM and CP (P & lt; 0.01) compared with gestating sows. The digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of the six CSM samples ranged from 12.48 to 17.15 MJ/kg and 11.35 to 15.88 MJ/kg, respectively, for non-pregnant sows, and from 12.86 to 16.41 MJ/kg and 12.43 to 14.72 MJ/kg, respectively, for gestating sows. However, the DE, ME, and ME:DE ratios of each CSM were similar between gestating and non-pregnant sows. DE and ME were negatively correlated with NDF and ADF, respectively, but were positively corrected with CP level (P & lt; 0.01). Collectively, the DE, ME, and nutrient digestibility of CSM varied greatly according to the chemical compositions, and CSMs with higher protein and lower fiber levels had greater DE and ME levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad118
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Yeast culture supplementation of sow diets regulates the immune performance of their weaned piglets under lipopolysaccharide stress
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 101 ( 2023-01-03)
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 101 ( 2023-01-03)
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of sows with yeast cultures (XPC) during late gestation and lactation on the immune performance of their weaned offspring under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stress. A total of 40 Landrace × Yorkshire sows (parity 3 to 7) with similar backfat thickness were selected and randomly divided into two treatment groups: a control group (basal diet) and a yeast culture group (basal diet + 2.0 g/kg XPC). The trial was conducted from day 90 of gestation to day 21 of lactation. At the end of the experiment, 12 piglets with similar weights were selected from each group and slaughtered 4 h after intraperitoneal injection with either saline or LPS. The results showed that the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the thymus and tumor necrosis factor-α in the liver increased significantly (P & lt; 0.05) in weaned piglets after LPS injection. Maternal dietary supplementation with XPC significantly reduced the concentration of inflammatory factors in the plasma and thymus of weaned piglets (P & lt; 0.05). LPS injection significantly upregulated the expression of some tissue inflammation-related genes, significantly downregulated the expression of intestinal tight junction-related genes, and significantly elevated the protein expression of liver phospho-nuclear factor kappa B (p-NF-κB), the phospho-inhibitory subunit of NF-κB (p-IκBα), phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and the inhibitory subunit of NF-κB (IκBα) in weaned piglets (P & lt; 0.05). Maternal dietary supplementation with XPC significantly downregulated the gene expression of IL-6 and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the thymus and decreased the protein expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the liver of weaned piglets (P & lt; 0.05). In summary, injection of LPS induced an inflammatory response in weaned piglets and destroyed the intestinal barrier. Maternal dietary supplementation of XPC improved the immune performance of weaned piglets by inhibiting inflammatory responses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad226
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in cottonseed meal fed to pregnant and non-pregnant sows
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 101 ( 2023-01-03)
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 101 ( 2023-01-03)
    Abstract: This study determined the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standard ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) of six cottonseed meal (CSM) samples in pregnant and non-pregnant sows. Two CSM samples were processed by expelling with a CP level of 40.67% (ECSM41) and 44.64% (ECSM45), and four samples were processed by solvent-extracted which contained graded CP levels of 45% (SECSM45), 51.16% (SECSM51), 56.44% (SECSM56), and 59.63% (SECSM60). Landrace ×Yorkshire third parity sows, 7 at gestation and 14 non-pregnant, were fitted with T-cannula in the distal ileum. Pregnant sows were allotted to a 7 × 6 Latin square design with a cornstarch-based nitrogen-free (NF) diet and the six CSM diets, and non-pregnant sows were allotted to a replicated 7 × 3 Latin square design with seven diets and three periods, respectively, resulting in a total of six replicates per treatment. All experimental sows were fed 3.0 kg/d of the experimental diets. The AID of CP in ECSM41 (75.58%) was lower than in SECSM51 (80.42%), SECSM56 (80.50%), and SECSM60 (82.44%) diets for pregnant sows (P & lt; 0.05). The AID of CP in ECSM41 (77.88%) was significantly lower than in SECSM60 (81.87%) diets for non-pregnant sows (P & lt; 0.05). The physiological phase did not affect the AID of CP (P & gt; 0.05). The SID of CP was affected by diets for both pregnant (P & lt; 0.01) and non-pregnant sows (P = 0.06). The physiological phase also affected the SID of CP (P & lt; 0.01). The AID of histidine, leucine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan significantly differed between different CSM samples in both pregnant (P & lt; 0.05) and non-pregnant sows (P & lt; 0.05). The AID of dispensable AA aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, serine, and tyrosine differed between different CSM samples of both pregnant (P & lt; 0.05) and non-pregnant sows (P & lt; 0.05). For pregnant sows, the indispensable AA cysteine, glycine, proline, and tyrosine had significantly different SID between different groups (P & lt; 0.05). For non-pregnant sows, the SID of arginine, lysine, methionine, threonine, aspartic acid, cysteine, and serine had different values among different diets (P & lt; 0.05). In conclusion, the current study presented that the ileal AA digestibility of CSM fed to pregnant and non-pregnant sows increased with the decreased of fiber content, and the current findings can contribute to a precise formulation of diets for sows using CSM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad132
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemical composition, energy content and apparent total tract digestibility of extruded full fat soybean from different sources fed to non-gestating, gestating and lactating sows
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 101 ( 2023-01-03)
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 101 ( 2023-01-03)
    Abstract: This experiment was conducted to determine the chemical composition, digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and the apparent total tract (ATTD) of nutrients in six extruded full fat soybean (EFSB) samples from different sources fed to non-gestating, gestating and lactating sows. Forty-two non-gestating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; parity 3 to 5), 42 gestating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; parity 3 to 5; day 90 of gestation) and 42 lactating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; parity 3 to 5; day 6 of lactation) were assigned to seven dietary treatments including a corn-based diet and six diets containing 30.24% EFSB from different sources in a completely randomized design with six replicate sows per dietary treatment. Total fecal and urine collection method was used during non-gestation and gestation, and the index method was used during lactation (0.3% chromic oxide). Differences in the chemical composition of the six EFSB samples from different sources were mainly reflected in ether extract, ash, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, total dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, soluble dietary fiber, and vitamin and micro minerals content, with a coefficient of variation ≥8.37%. The potassium hydroxide solubility of the six EFSB samples varied from 66.60% to 85.55%. There were no differences in ATTD of NDF between different EFSB samples. Additionally, there were no differences in ME values and ME/DE ratios between different physiological stages, but ATTD of NDF were higher for non-gestating and gestating sows than lactating sows (P & lt; 0.01). In conclusion, EFSB can be used as a high-quality energy ingredient with high DE and ME values when fed to sows. DE values of EFSB in non-gestating, gestating, and lactating sows were 20.50, 20.70, and 20.02 MJ/kg, respectively, while ME values of EFSB was 19.76 MJ/kg in both non-gestating and gestating sows.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad154
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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