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Polygenic contributions to alcohol use and alcohol use disorders across population-based and clinically ascertained samples

Johnson, Emma C. ; Sanchez-Roige, Sandra ; Acion, Laura ; [et al.]

Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2021

In: Psychological Medicine Vol. 51, No. 7 ( 2021-05), p. 1147-1156

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In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 51, No. 7 ( 2021-05), p. 1147-1156

Abstract: Studies suggest that alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders have distinct genetic backgrounds. Methods We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for consumption and problem subscales of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C, AUDIT-P) in the UK Biobank (UKB; N = 121 630) correlate with alcohol outcomes in four independent samples: an ascertained cohort, the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA; N = 6850), and population-based cohorts: Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; N = 5911), Generation Scotland (GS; N = 17 461), and an independent subset of UKB ( N = 245 947). Regression models and survival analyses tested whether the PRS were associated with the alcohol-related outcomes. Results In COGA, AUDIT-P PRS was associated with alcohol dependence, AUD symptom count, maximum drinks ( R 2 = 0.47–0.68%, p = 2.0 × 10 −8 –1.0 × 10 −10 ), and increased likelihood of onset of alcohol dependence (hazard ratio = 1.15, p = 4.7 × 10 −8 ); AUDIT-C PRS was not an independent predictor of any phenotype. In ALSPAC, the AUDIT-C PRS was associated with alcohol dependence ( R 2 = 0.96%, p = 4.8 × 10 −6 ). In GS, AUDIT-C PRS was a better predictor of weekly alcohol use ( R 2 = 0.27%, p = 5.5 × 10 −11 ), while AUDIT-P PRS was more associated with problem drinking ( R 2 = 0.40%, p = 9.0 × 10 −7 ). Lastly, AUDIT-P PRS was associated with ICD-based alcohol-related disorders in the UKB subset ( R 2 = 0.18%, p 〈 2.0 × 10 −16 ). Conclusions AUDIT-P PRS was associated with a range of alcohol-related phenotypes across population-based and ascertained cohorts, while AUDIT-C PRS showed less utility in the ascertained cohort. We show that AUDIT-P is genetically correlated with both use and misuse and demonstrate the influence of ascertainment schemes on PRS analyses.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1017/S0033291719004045

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Language: English

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Publication Date: 2021

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2

detail.hit.zdb_id: 217420-0

SSG: 5,2

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The effect of parental alcohol use on alcohol use disorder in young adulthood: Exploring the mediating roles of adolescent alcohol expectancies and consumption

Stephenson, Mallory ; Heron, Jon ; Bountress, Kaitlin ; [et al.]

Wiley ; 2023

In: Journal of Adolescence Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2023-06), p. 716-728

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In: Journal of Adolescence, Wiley, Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2023-06), p. 716-728

Abstract: Parental alcohol use and problems are risk factors for alcohol use disorder (AUD), and these effects may be mediated by adolescent alcohol expectancies and consumption. In the present study, we tested the direct effects of mothers' and fathers' alcohol consumption on young adult AUD, as well as the indirect effects through adolescent maximum alcohol use, alcohol consumption, and alcohol expectancies. Methods Participants were 5160 individuals (49.1% female) and their biological parents from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a cohort study of children born in southwestern England during 1991 and 1992. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test associations of mothers' and fathers' alcohol use (assessed when children were 12 years old) with age 24 AUD. Potential mediator variables included the maximum number of alcoholic drinks consumed within a 24‐h period by age 13.5 and alcohol expectancies and alcohol consumption at ages 17 and 20. Results Higher maternal and paternal alcohol use were associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption at age 17. Greater alcohol consumption, in turn, was related to a more severe presentation of AUD. The overall indirect effects of mothers' ( b = 0.033, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.006, 0.059) and fathers' drinking ( b = 0.041, 95% CI = 0.018, 0.064) on AUD were modest but significant, and were primarily comprised of adolescent alcohol consumption rather than alcohol expectancies. Conclusions Our findings underscore the importance of both mothers' and fathers' drinking for the development of alcohol use and problems across adolescence and young adulthood.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0140-1971 , 1095-9254

URL: Issue

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1002/jad.v95.4

DOI: 10.1002/jad.12148

Language: English

Publisher: Wiley

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 303529-3

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469149-8

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Externalising pathways to alcohol‐related problems in emerging adulthood

Hammerton, Gemma ; Edwards, Alexis C. ; Mahedy, Liam ; [et al.]

Wiley ; 2020

In: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Vol. 61, No. 6 ( 2020-06), p. 721-731

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In: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Wiley, Vol. 61, No. 6 ( 2020-06), p. 721-731

Abstract: Both ‘early‐onset persistent’ and ‘adolescent‐onset’ conduct problems (CPs) are associated with alcohol‐related problems in emerging adulthood. The escalation of early CPs into criminal behaviour and heavy alcohol consumption prior to emerging adulthood are both likely to be important pathways. Methods Data were analysed from 3,038 young people in a UK birth cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. The exposure was developmental trajectories of CPs (‘low’, ‘childhood‐limited’, ‘adolescent‐onset’ and ‘early‐onset persistent’) between ages 4 and 13 years. The mediator was latent classes representing heavy alcohol consumption and/ or criminal behaviour at age 15 years. For the outcome, a quadratic latent growth curve was estimated to capture nonlinear change in alcohol‐related problems between ages 18 and 23 years. Results Those with ‘early‐onset persistent’ [ b (95% CI) = 1.16 (0.17, 2.14)] and ‘adolescent‐onset’ CPs [ b (95% CI) = 1.31 (0.17, 2.45)] had higher levels of alcohol‐related problems at age 18 years compared to those with ‘low’ CPs’, but there was little evidence of an association with alcohol‐related problems after age 19 years. There was evidence for an indirect effect of ‘early‐onset persistent’ CPs [ b (95% CI) = 1.12 (0.52, 1.72)] on alcohol‐related problems at age 18 years via the latent classes of alcohol and criminal behaviour in adolescence. This was not found for ‘adolescent‐onset’ CPs [ b (95% CI) = 0.35 (−0.36, 1.07)]. Conclusions Strong associations exist between early CPs, adolescent alcohol consumption and criminal behaviour and alcohol‐related problems at age 18 years. Associations between early CPs and alcohol‐related problems weakened considerably across emerging adulthood.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0021-9630 , 1469-7610

URL: Issue

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.v61.6

DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13167

RVK:

XA 10000

Language: English

Publisher: Wiley

Publication Date: 2020

detail.hit.zdb_id: 218136-8

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470297-6

SSG: 5,2

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