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  • Georg Thieme Verlag KG  (3)
  • Heckbert, Susan R.  (3)
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  • Georg Thieme Verlag KG  (3)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Longer legs are associated with greater risk of incident venous thromboembolism independent of total body height : The Longitudinal Study of Thromboembolism Etiology (LITE)
    Georg Thieme Verlag KG ; 2011
    In:  Thrombosis and Haemostasis Vol. 106, No. 07 ( 2011), p. 113-120
    Details
    In: Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Vol. 106, No. 07 ( 2011), p. 113-120
    Abstract: Several studies have reported that taller individuals are at greater risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We hypothesised that longer leg length would be positively associated with incident VTE, and would explain the height association. LITE ascertained VTE in a prospective population-based sample of 21,860 individuals aged 45 and older. Leg length was measured as standing height minus torso length. Cox regression models were adjusted for age, race, sex, waist circumference, diabetes, and factor VIII. To evaluate whether leg length was associated with VTE risk independent of height, we standardised leg length and height per 1 standard deviation (SD), and then included them simultaneously in Cox regression models. A total of 641 incident VTE cases accrued over a median follow-up of 16 years. Participants in the highestquintile of leg length were at 59% (95% CI: 22%-108%) greater risk of VTE, relative to the lowest quintile. For height, risk was 45% (12%-88%) greater for those in the highest quintile, compared to the lowest. When leg length and height were modelled simultaneously leg length remained associated with VTE risk (HR per 1 SD: 1.21 (1.04–1.40) while height was unrelated (HR per 1 SD: 1.00 (0.86–1.16). To conclude, participants with longer legs were at greater risk of incident VTE, and leg length explained the relation of height to VTE. It remains to be established whether this finding is due to greater venous surface area, a larger number of venous valves, or greater hydrostatic pressure among individuals with longer legs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0340-6245 , 2567-689X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1160/TH11-02-0100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Serum albumin and risk of venous thromboembolism
    Georg Thieme Verlag KG ; 2010
    In:  Thrombosis and Haemostasis Vol. 104, No. 07 ( 2010), p. 100-104
    Details
    In: Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Vol. 104, No. 07 ( 2010), p. 100-104
    Abstract: The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increased in patients with albuminuria. However, whether a low serum albumin concentration is associated with increased risk of VTE has been a matter of controversy. We determined the association of serum albumin with VTE incidence in two large, prospective, population-based cohorts: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (n = 15,300) and the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) (n = 5,400). Validated VTE occurrence (n = 462 in ARIC and n = 174 in CHS) was ascertained during follow-up. In both studies, after adjustment for age, sex, race, use of hormone replacement therapy, estimated glomerular filtration rate, history of cancer, and diabetes, serum albumin tended to be associated inversely with VTE. The adjusted hazard ratio per standard deviation lower albumin was 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 1.31) in ARIC and 1.10 (95% CI = 0.94, 1.29) in CHS. The hazard ratio for albumin below (vs. above) the fifth percentile was 1.28 (95% CI = 0.90, 1.84) in ARIC and 1.80 (95% CI = 1.11, 2.93) in CHS. In conclusion, low serum albumin was a modest marker of increased VTE risk. The observed association likely does not reflect cause and effect, but rather that low serum albumin reflects a hyperinflammatory or hypercoagulable state. Whether this association has clinical relevance warrants further study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0340-6245 , 2567-689X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1160/TH09-12-0856
    Language: English
    Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association between cardiovascular disease risk factors and occurrence of venous thromboembolism : A time-dependent analysis
    Georg Thieme Verlag KG ; 2012
    In:  Thrombosis and Haemostasis Vol. 108, No. 09 ( 2012), p. 508-515
    Details
    In: Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Vol. 108, No. 09 ( 2012), p. 508-515
    Abstract: Apart from obesity, it remains controversial whether atherosclerosis and its cardiovascular risk disease (CVD) factors are associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Using data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (ARIC), we evaluated associations between CVD risk factors and incident VTE in a cohort of 15,340 participants who were free a history of VTE and/or anticoagulant use on enrolment. The CVD risk factors were updated during the follow-up period. Over a mean follow-up time of 15.5 years (237,375 person-years), 468 participants had VTE events. Adjusting for demographic variables and body mass index (BMI), current smokers were at greater risk [HR of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.12–1.86)] compared to non-smokers. There was a positive monotonic association between BMI and VTE risk. Individuals with a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 had a HR for VTE of 3.09 (95%CI: 2.26–4.23) compared to those with normal BMI ( 〈 25 kg/m2). Greater physical activity was associated with lower VTE risk in a demographic adjusted model; however, this association became non-significant following adjustment for BMI. Alcohol intake, diabetes, hypertension, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were not associated with VTE risk. In conclusion, among the well-established CVD risk factors, only current smoking and obesity were independently associated with VTE risk in this large cohort where risk factors were updated serially during follow-up. This finding corroborates that the pathogenesis of venous disease differs from that of atherosclerotic disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0340-6245 , 2567-689X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1160/TH11-10-0726
    Language: English
    Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publication Date: 2012
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