In:
Ethnicity & Disease, Ethnicity and Disease Inc, Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2016-01-21), p. 61-
Abstract:
〈 p 〉 〈 span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Objectives: 〈 /span 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 African American children are at higher risk of obesity than White children and African American women are more likely to undergo caesarean-section (CS) delivery than White women. 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 CS is associated with childhood obesity, however, little is known whether this relationship varies by race. 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 We examined if the association of CS with obesity at age 2 years varied by race. 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p 〉 〈 span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Design: 〈 /span 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Longitudinal birth cohort. 〈 /span 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p 〉 〈 span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Setting: 〈 /span 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Birth cohort conducted in a health care system in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan with follow-up at age 2 years. 〈 /span 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p 〉 〈 span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Participants: 〈 /span 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 639 birth cohort participants; 367 children (57.4%) were born to African American mothers and 230 (36.0%) children were born via CS. 〈 /span 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p 〉 〈 span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Main Outcome Measure: 〈 /span 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Obesity defined as body mass index 〈 /span 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 ≥95 〈 /span 〉 〈 sup 〉 〈 span style="font-size: small;" 〉 th 〈 /span 〉 〈 /sup 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 percentile at age 2 years. 〈 /span 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p 〉 〈 span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Results: 〈 /span 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Slightly more children of African American (n=37; 10.1%) than non-African American mothers (n=18; 6.6%) were obese ( 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 P 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 =.12). There was evidence of effect modification between race and delivery mode with obesity at age 2 years (interaction 〈 em 〉 〈 /em 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 P 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 =.020). 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 In children of African-American mothers, CS compared to vaginal birth was associated with a significantly higher odds of obesity (aOR=2.35 (95% CI: 1.16, 4.77), 〈 /span 〉 〈 em 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 P 〈 /span 〉 〈 /em 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 =.017). 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 In contrast, delivery mode was not associated with obesity at age 2 years in children of non-African-American mothers (aOR=.47 (95% CI: .13, 1.71), 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 P 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 =.25). 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p 〉 〈 span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" 〉 〈 strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /span 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 There is evidence for a race-specific effect of CS on obesity at age 2 years; potential underlying mechanisms may be racial differences in the developing gut microbiome or in epigenetic programming. 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 span style="font-size: medium;" 〉 Future research is needed to determine if this racial difference persists into later childhood. 〈 em 〉 Ethn Dis. 〈 /em 〉 2016;26(1):61-68; doi:10.18865/ed.26.1.61 〈 br / 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p 〉 〈 /p 〉
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1945-0826
,
1049-510X
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Ethnicity and Disease Inc
Publication Date:
2016
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2193738-2
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