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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Yield of Anaerobic Blood Cultures in Pediatric Emergency Department Patients
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2018
    In:  Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Vol. 37, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 281-286
    Details
    In: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 37, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 281-286
    Abstract: Anaerobic bacteremia is rare in children and current recommendations advocate against the routine use of anaerobic cultures in children. However, the incidence of anaerobic bacteremia and the utility of anaerobic blood cultures in children have not been assessed in recent years. Our pediatric emergency department (PED) policy still supports the use of both aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures in all cases of suspected bacteremia. This allowed us to re-evaluate the yield of anaerobic cultures in PED settings. Methods: Retrospective data of all blood cultures taken in the PED in a single tertiary center from 2002 to 2016 were collected. The incidence and characteristics of children with positive anaerobic blood cultures were assessed. Risk factors for anaerobic bacteremia were defined. Results: Of the 68,304 blood culture sets taken during the study period, 971 (1.42%) clinically significant positive cultures were found. Pathogenic obligatory anaerobic bacteria were isolated in 33 (0.05%) cultures. The leading risk factors for anaerobic bacteremia were head and neck abscess and intra-abdominal infection. Of all the true positive cultures, 187 (22%) were only detected in the anaerobic culture and would have otherwise been missed. Conclusions: True anaerobic bacteremia is extremely rare in children admitted to the PED. Nevertheless, using anaerobic cultures may increase the overall yield of blood cultures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0891-3668
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001751
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020216-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Predicting factors for complications in peripheral intravenous catheters in the pediatric population
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Acta Paediatrica Vol. 110, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 1639-1644
    Details
    In: Acta Paediatrica, Wiley, Vol. 110, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 1639-1644
    Abstract: To characterise the association between peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) gauge (G), the patient's age, insertion site and complication incidence. Methods This prospective study was performed in Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, between June 2018 and March 2019. Children with PIVC admitted to the paediatric departments were included. PIVCs were evaluated daily. Results A total of 113 children with 132 PIVCs were included in the study. The most common site of insertion was the antecubital fossa (43.9%). PIVCs were most commonly used for intravenous (IV) antibiotics (46.6%). Complications were observed for 40.9% PIVCs. Dislodgement was the most common complication. The complication rate was higher for the lower limbs (60%) and external jugular veins (100%) p  = 0.002. In infants younger than 12 months, the complication rate was higher for 22 G PIVCs or larger (58.7% versus 27.5%; p  = 0.05). In contrast, for the 1‐6 years age group, PIVCs smaller than 24 G had a higher complication rate ( p  = 0.004). Patients with comorbidities had a higher complication rate ( p  = 0.003). Conclusion Risk factors for complications are comorbidities and sites of insertion other than the upper limbs. In infants, 24 G PIVC or smaller should be inserted, whereas 22 G PIVC or larger are superior for 1‐ to 6‐year‐old children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0803-5253 , 1651-2227
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/apa.v110.5
    DOI: 10.1111/apa.15687
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1492629-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501466-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Using anaerobic blood cultures for infants younger than 90 days rarely showed anaerobic infections but increased yields of bacterial growth
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Acta Paediatrica Vol. 107, No. 6 ( 2018-06), p. 1043-1048
    Details
    In: Acta Paediatrica, Wiley, Vol. 107, No. 6 ( 2018-06), p. 1043-1048
    Abstract: The use of anaerobic blood cultures in infants suspected of bacteraemia is controversial. Our children's hospital uses both aerobic and anaerobic media, regardless of the risk of anaerobic infection, and the aim of this study was to re‐evaluate the use of anaerobic cultures in infants. Methods We collected retrospective data from 2002 to 2016 on all blood cultures taken from infants younger than 90 days in the Hadassah‐Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel. The incidence and characteristics of infants with positive anaerobic blood cultures were assessed. Results During the study period, 51 035 blood cultures were drawn from 44 304 infants. Of these, 1496 (2.9%) were clinically significant positive cultures. Pathogenic obligatory anaerobic bacteraemia was extremely rare, with only 37 positive cultures (0.07%) from all of the cultures drawn. No specific risk factors for obligatory anaerobic bacteraemia could be defined, but as many as 174 (11.6%) clinically significant isolates were only detected in the anaerobic culture bottle. Conclusion True anaerobic bacteraemia was extremely rare in neonates. Nevertheless, using anaerobic culture media may increase the overall yield of bacterial culture growth by isolating anaerobic‐facultative bacteria. This should be weighed up against increasing the volume of blood used for the aerobic culture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0803-5253 , 1651-2227
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/apa.2018.107.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/apa.14262
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1492629-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501466-6
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