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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Customized 3D printed bioreactors for decellularization—High efficiency and quality on a budget
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Artificial Organs Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. 1477-1490
    Details
    In: Artificial Organs, Wiley, Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. 1477-1490
    Abstract: Decellularization (DC) of biomaterials with bioreactors is widely used to produce scaffolds for tissue engineering. This study uses 3D printing to develop efficient but low‐cost DC bioreactors. Two bioreactors were developed to decellularize pericardial patches and vascular grafts. Flow profiles and pressure distribution inside the bioreactors were optimized by steady‐state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. Printing materials were evaluated by cytotoxicity assessment. Following evaluation, all parts of the bioreactors were 3D printed in a commercial fused deposition modeling printer. Samples of bovine pericardia and porcine aortae were decellularized using established protocols. An immersion and agitation setup was used as a control. With histological assessment, DNA quantification and biomechanical testing treatment effects were evaluated. CFD analysis of the pericardial bioreactor revealed even flow and pressure distribution in between all pericardia. The CFD analysis of the vessel bioreactor showed increased intraluminal flow rate and pressure compared to the vessel's outside. Cytotoxicity assessment of the used printing material revealed no adverse effect on the tissue. Complete DC was achieved for all samples using the 3D printed bioreactors while DAPI staining revealed residual cells in aortic vessels of the control group. Histological analysis showed no structural changes in the decellularized samples. Additionally, biomechanical properties exhibited no significant change compared to native samples. This study presents a novel approach to manufacturing highly efficient and low budget 3D printed bioreactors for the DC of biomaterials. When compared to standard protocols, the bioreactors offer a cost effective, fast, and reproducible approach, which vastly improves the DC results.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0160-564X , 1525-1594
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/aor.v45.12
    DOI: 10.1111/aor.14034
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003825-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development and Evaluation of 3D-Printed Cardiovascular Phantoms for Interventional Planning and Training
    MyJove Corporation ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Visualized Experiments , No. 167 ( 2021-01-18)
    Details
    In: Journal of Visualized Experiments, MyJove Corporation, , No. 167 ( 2021-01-18)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1940-087X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3791/62063
    Language: English
    Publisher: MyJove Corporation
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2259946-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development and Evaluation of 3D-Printed Cardiovascular Phantoms for Interventional Planning and Training
    MyJove Corporation ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Visualized Experiments , No. 167 ( 2021-01-18)
    Details
    In: Journal of Visualized Experiments, MyJove Corporation, , No. 167 ( 2021-01-18)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1940-087X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3791/62063-v
    Language: English
    Publisher: MyJove Corporation
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2259946-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mapping of bovine pericardium to enable a standardized acquirement of material for medical implants
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials Vol. 118 ( 2021-06), p. 104432-
    Details
    In: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Elsevier BV, Vol. 118 ( 2021-06), p. 104432-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1751-6161
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104432
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2378381-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Is Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation of Living Tissue‐Engineered Valves Feasible? An In Vitro Evaluation Utilizing a Decellularized and Reseeded Biohybrid Valve
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Artificial Organs Vol. 40, No. 8 ( 2016-08), p. 727-737
    Details
    In: Artificial Organs, Wiley, Vol. 40, No. 8 ( 2016-08), p. 727-737
    Abstract: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a fast‐growing, exciting field of invasive therapy. During the last years many innovations significantly improved this technique. However, the prostheses are still associated with drawbacks. The aim of this study was to create cell‐seeded biohybrid aortic valves (BAVs) as an ideal implant by combination of assets of biological and artificial materials. Furthermore, the influence of TAVI procedure on tissue‐engineered BAV was investigated. BAV (n=6) were designed with decellularized homograft cusps and polyurethane walls. They were seeded with fibroblasts and endothelial cells isolated from saphenous veins. Consecutively, BAV were conditioned under low pulsatile flow (500 mL/min) for 5 days in a specialized bioreactor. After conditioning, TAVI‐simulation was performed. The procedure was concluded with re‐perfusion of the BAV for 2 days at an increased pulsatile flow (1100 mL/min). Functionality was assessed by video‐documentation. Samples were taken after each processing step and evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), immunohistochemical staining (IHC), and Live/Dead‐assays. The designed BAV were fully functioning and displayed physiologic behavior. After cell seeding, static cultivation and first conditioning, confluent cell layers were observed in SEM. Additionally, IHC indicated the presence of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. A significant construction of extracellular matrix was detected after the conditioning phase. However, a large number of lethal cells were observed after crimping by Live/Dead staining. Analysis revealed that the cells while still being present directly after crimping were removed in subsequent perfusion. Extensive regions of damaged cell‐layers were detected by SEM‐analysis substantiating these findings. Furthermore, increased ICAM expression was detected after re‐perfusion as manifestation of inflammatory reaction. The approach to generate biohybrid valves is promising. However, damages inflicted during the crimping process seem not to be immediately detectable. Due to severe impacts on seeded cells, the strategy of living TE valves for TAVI should be reconsidered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0160-564X , 1525-1594
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/aor.2016.40.issue-8
    DOI: 10.1111/aor.12683
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003825-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cyclic pressure induced decellularization of porcine descending aortas
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Vol. 34, No. 5 ( 2023-04-19)
    Details
    In: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 34, No. 5 ( 2023-04-19)
    Abstract: The demand for decellularized xenogeneic tissues used in reconstructive heart surgery has increased over the last decades. Complete decellularization of longer and tubular aortic sections suitable for clinical application has not been achieved so far. The present study aims at analyzing the effect of pressure application on decellularization efficacy of porcine aortas using a device specifically designed for this purpose. Fresh porcine descending aortas of 8 cm length were decellularized using detergents. To increase decellularization efficacy, detergent treatment was combined with pressure application and different treatment schemes. Quantification of penetration depth as well as histological staining, scanning electron microscopy, and tensile strength tests were used to evaluate tissue structure. In general, application of pressure to aortic tissue does neither increase the decellularization success nor the penetration depth of detergents. However, it is of importance from which side of the aorta the pressure is applied. Application of intermittent pressure from the adventitial side does significantly increase the decellularization degree at the intimal side (compared to the reference group), but had no influence on the penetration depth of SDC/SDS at both sides. Although the present setup does not significantly improve the decellularization success of aortas, it is interesting that the application of pressure from the adventitial side leads to improved decellularization of the intimal side. As no adverse effects on tissue structure nor on mechanical properties were observed, optimization of the present protocol may potentially lead to complete decellularization of larger aortic segments. Graphical Abstract
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10856-023-06723-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016995-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    3-dimensional printing for the diagnosis of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after mitral valve replacement
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery Vol. 32, No. 5 ( 2021-05-10), p. 724-726
    Details
    In: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 32, No. 5 ( 2021-05-10), p. 724-726
    Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the generation of 3D models and 3D prints of complex cases for physicians at the example of an intricate left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). LVOTO is a known complication of mitral valve surgery. A 38-year-old female patient with increasing dyspnoea after mitral valve replacement was referred to our centre. Echocardiography showed a strut of the bioprosthetic heart valve protruding into the left ventricular outflow tract. However, the diagnosis of a LVOTO was difficult based on echocardiography alone. Therefore, we fabricated a physical model of the left ventricular outflow tract, the mitral valve, the aortic valve and the left ventricle. With this physical model in hand, we were able to visualize the LVOTO and to discuss potential therapeutic options. Moreover, we were able to plan the subsequent redo surgery in detail using the model. This case shows the benefit of 3D printing technologies for surgeons and patients, not only for analysis, but also during the decision-making and pre-operative planning process.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1569-9285
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa319
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2096257-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3167862-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The cardiotomy reservoir – a preliminary evaluation of a new cell source for cardiovascular tissue engineering
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  The International Journal of Artificial Organs Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2018-02), p. 115-123
    Details
    In: The International Journal of Artificial Organs, SAGE Publications, Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2018-02), p. 115-123
    Abstract: Cell sources for cardiovascular tissue engineering (TE) are scant. However, the need for an ideal TE cardiovascular implant persists. We investigated the cardiotomy reservoir (CR) as a potential cell source that is more accessible and less ethically problematic. Methods: CR (n = 10) were removed from the bypass system after surgery. Isolation was performed using different isolation methods: blood samples were taken from the cardiopulmonary bypass and centrifuged at low density. The venous filter screen was cut out and placed into petri dishes for cultivation. The spongelike filter was removed, washed and treated in the same way as the blood samples. After cultivation, cell lines of fibroblasts (FB) and endothelial cells (EC) were obtained for analysis. The cells were seeded on polyurethane patches and analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Life/Dead assay and immunohistochemistry. Results: No correlation between age, time of surgery and quality of cells was observed. The successful extraction of FB and was proven by positive staining results for TE-7, CD31 and vWF. Cell morphology, cytoskeleton staining and quantification of proliferation using WST-1 assay resembled the cells of the control group in all ways. The topography of a confluent and vital cell layer after cell seeding was displayed by SEM analysis, Life/Dead Assay and immunohistochemistry. The establishment of an extracellular matrix (ECM) was proven by positive staining for collagen IV, laminin, fibronectin and elastin. Conclusions: Viable FB and EC cell lines were extracted from the CR after surgery. Easy access and high availability make this cell source destined for widespread application in cardiovascular tissue engineering.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0391-3988 , 1724-6040
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000653
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474999-3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Successful decellularization of thick-walled tissue: Highlighting pitfalls and the need for a multifactorial approach
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  The International Journal of Artificial Organs Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 17-24
    Details
    In: The International Journal of Artificial Organs, SAGE Publications, Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 17-24
    Abstract: Decellularization of thick tissue is challenging and varying. Therefore, we tried to establish a multifactorial approach for reliable aortic wall decellularization. Methods: Porcine aortic walls were decellularized according to different procedures. Decellularization was performed for 24 (G1), 48 (G2), and 72 h (G3) with a solution of 0.5% desoxycholate and 0.5% dodecyl sulfate. The procedure was characterized using intermittent washing steps, the inclusion of sonication as well as DNase and α-galactosidase treatment. The decellularization efficiency was measured by the evaluation of 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and hematoxylin and eosin staining and quantitative DNA assays. Pentachrome and picrosirius red staining, scanning electron microscopy as well as glycosaminoglycan assays were performed to evaluate the effect of the procedure on the extracellular matrix. Results: 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole and hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed a large amount of remaining nuclei in all groups. However, consecutive DNase treatment had a significant effect. While the remaining DNA was detected in some samples of G1 and G2, samples of G3 were fully decellularized. Glycosaminoglycan content was significantly reduced to 50% after 24 h (G1) but remained constant for G2 and G3. Picrosirius red staining revealed an intact and stable collagen network without any visible defects. Pentachrome staining substantiated these results. Nonetheless, the fiber network remains intact, which could be confirmed by reflection electron microscopy analysis. Conclusion: In this study, we developed a procedure that grants successful decellularization of porcine aortic wall while maintaining the fibrous microstructure. We highlighted the significant effect of DNase and α-galactosidase treatment. In addition, we could show the need for a multifactorial treatment and comprehensive evaluation protocols for thick tissue decellularization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0391-3988 , 1724-6040
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0391398818805624
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474999-3
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Novel Seeding and Conditioning Bioreactor for Vascular Tissue Engineering
    MDPI AG ; 2014
    In:  Processes Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2014-07-08), p. 526-547
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2014-07-08), p. 526-547
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr2030526
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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