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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Towards reliable estimates of abundance trends using automated non‐lethal moth traps
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Insect Conservation and Diversity Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2023-09), p. 539-549
    Details
    In: Insect Conservation and Diversity, Wiley, Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2023-09), p. 539-549
    Abstract: Monitoring insect abundance or species richness at high spatial and temporal resolution is difficult due to personnel, maintenance, and post‐processing costs as well as ethical considerations. Non‐invasive automated insect monitoring systems could provide a solution to address these constraints. However, every new insect monitoring design needs to be evaluated with respect to reliability and bias based on comparisons with conventional methods. In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness of an automated moth trap (AMT), built from off‐the‐shelf‐hardware, in capturing declines in moth abundance, by comparing it to a conventional, lethal trap. Both trap types were operated five times on 16 plots from the beginning of July 2021 to the end of August 2021. On average AMTs recorded fewer individuals than conventional traps. However, both trap types depicted the same seasonal decline of approximately 3% per day, which corresponded to a total difference of ~85% over the sampling period. Given our sample size, both trap types had the same limitations in their reliability to detect smaller changes in abundance trends. This first proof of concept demonstrated that AMTs depict large magnitude events such as phenological patterns just as well as conventional, lethal traps. Therefore, AMTs are a promising tool for future autonomous and non‐lethal monitoring, which paves the way for high temporal coverage and resolution in insect monitoring. However, this initial quantitative field test revealed that its long‐term applicability must be preceded by several adjustments to the image quality, power supply and to data transfer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-458X , 1752-4598
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/icad.v16.5
    DOI: 10.1111/icad.12662
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2404613-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    BatRack: An open‐source multi‐sensor device for wildlife research
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Methods in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 1867-1874
    Details
    In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 1867-1874
    Abstract: Bats represent a highly diverse group of mammals and are essential for ecosystem functioning. However, knowledge about their behaviour, ecology and conservation status is limited. Direct observation of marked individuals (commonly applied to birds) is not possible for bats due to their small size, rapid movement and nocturnal lifestyle, while neither popular observation methods such as camera traps nor conventional tracking technologies sufficiently capture the behaviour of individuals. The combination and networking of different sensors in a single system can overcome these limitations, but this potential has been explored only to a limited extent. We present BatRack, a multi‐sensor device that combines ultrasonic audio recordings, automatic radio telemetry and video camera recordings in a single modular unit. BatRack facilitates the individual or combined scheduling of sensors and includes a mutual triggering mode. It consists of off‐the‐shelf hardware and both its hardware blueprints and the required software have been published under an open license to allow scientists and practitioners to replicate the system. We tested the suitability of radio telemetry and audio sensors as camera triggers and evaluated the detection of individuals in video recordings compared to radio telemetry signals. Specifically, BatRack was used to monitor the individual swarming behaviour of six members of a maternity colony of Bechstein's bat. Preliminary anecdotal results indicate that swarming intensity is related to reproductive state and roost switching. BatRack allows researchers to recognize individual bats and monitor their behavioural patterns using an easily deployed and scalable system. BatRack is thus a promising approach to obtaining detailed insights into the behavioural ecology of bats.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-210X , 2041-210X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mee3.v12.10
    DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.13672
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2528492-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Introduction of an automatic and open‐source radio‐tracking system for small animals
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Methods in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 2163-2172
    Details
    In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 2163-2172
    Abstract: Movement ecology of small wild animals is often reliant on radio‐tracking methods due to the size and weight restrictions of available transmitters. In manual radio telemetry, large errors in spatial position and infrequent relocations prevent the effective analysis of small‐scale movement patterns and dynamic aspects of habitat selection. Automatic radio‐tracking systems present a potential solution for overcoming these drawbacks. However, existing systems use customized electronics and commercial software or exclusively record presence/absence data instead of triangulating the position of tagged individuals. We present a low‐cost automatic radio‐tracking system built from consumer electronic devices that can locate the position of radio transmitters under field conditions. We provide information on the hardware components, describe mobile and stationary set‐up options, and offer open‐source software solutions. We describe the workflow from hardware setup and antenna calibration, to recording and processing the data and present a proof of concept for forest‐dwelling bats using a mixed forest as study area. With an average bearing error of 6.8° and a linear error of 21 m within a distance ranging from 65 m to 190 m, the accuracy of our system exceeds that of both traditional methods as well as manual telemetry. This affordable and easy‐to‐use automatic radio‐tracking system complements existing tools in movement ecology research by combining the advantages of lightweight and cost‐efficient radio telemetry with an automatic tracking set‐up.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-210X , 2041-210X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mee3.v10.12
    DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.13294
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2528492-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nature 4.0: A networked sensor system for integrated biodiversity monitoring
    Wiley ; 2024
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 2024-01)
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 2024-01)
    Abstract: Ecosystem functions and services are severely threatened by unprecedented global loss in biodiversity. To counteract these trends, it is essential to develop systems to monitor changes in biodiversity for planning, evaluating, and implementing conservation and mitigation actions. However, the implementation of monitoring systems suffers from a trade‐off between grain (i.e., the level of detail), extent (i.e., the number of study sites), and temporal repetition. Here, we present an applied and realized networked sensor system for integrated biodiversity monitoring in the Nature 4.0 project as a solution to these challenges, which considers plants and animals not only as targets of investigation, but also as parts of the modular sensor network by carrying sensors. Our networked sensor system consists of three main closely interlinked components with a modular structure: sensors, data transmission, and data storage, which are integrated into pipelines for automated biodiversity monitoring. We present our own real‐world examples of applications, share our experiences in operating them, and provide our collected open data. Our flexible, low‐cost, and open‐source solutions can be applied for monitoring individual and multiple terrestrial plants and animals as well as their interactions. Ultimately, our system can also be applied to area‐wide ecosystem mapping tasks, thereby providing an exemplary cost‐efficient and powerful solution for biodiversity monitoring. Building upon our experiences in the Nature 4.0 project, we identified ten key challenges that need to be addressed to better understand and counteract the ongoing loss of biodiversity using networked sensor systems. To tackle these challenges, interdisciplinary collaboration, additional research, and practical solutions are necessary to enhance the capability and applicability of networked sensor systems for researchers and practitioners, ultimately further helping to ensure the sustainable management of ecosystems and the provision of ecosystem services.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.v30.1
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17056
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
    SSG: 12
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