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  • 1
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    Practical “1-2-3-4-Day” Rule for Starting Direct Oral Anticoagulants After Ischemic Stroke With Atrial Fibrillation: Combined Hospital-Based Cohort Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2022
    In:  Stroke Vol. 53, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 1540-1549
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 53, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 1540-1549
    Abstract: The “1-3-6-12-day rule” for starting direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation after acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack recommends timings that may be later than used in clinical practice. We investigated more practical optimal timing of DOAC initiation according to stroke severity. Methods: The combined data of prospective registries in Japan, Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-factor Assessment and Improvement-nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (September 2011 to March 2014) and RELAXED (February 2014 to April 2016) were used. Patients were divided into transient ischemic attack and 3 stroke subgroups by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score: mild (0–7), moderate (8–15), and severe (≥16). The early treatment group was defined as patients starting DOACs earlier than the median initiation day in each subgroup. Outcomes included a composite of recurrent stroke or systemic embolism, ischemic stroke, and severe bleeding within 90 days. Six European prospective registries were used for validation. Results: In the 1797 derivation cohort patients, DOACs were started at median 2 days after transient ischemic attack and 3, 4, and 5 days after mild, moderate, and severe strokes, respectively. Stroke or systemic embolism was less common in Early Group (n=785)—initiating DOACS within 1, 2, 3, and 4 days, respectively—than Late Group (n=1012) (1.9% versus 3.9%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.27–0.89]), as was ischemic stroke (1.7% versus 3.2%, 0.54 [0.27–0.999] ). Major bleeding was similarly common in the 2 groups (0.8% versus 1.0%). On validation, both ischemic stroke (2.4% versus 2.2%) and intracranial hemorrhage (0.2% versus 0.6%) were similarly common in Early (n=547) and Late (n=1483) Groups defined using derivation data. Conclusions: In Japanese and European populations, early DOAC initiation within 1, 2, 3, or 4 days according to stroke severity seemed to be feasible to decrease the risk of recurrent stroke or systemic embolism and no increase in major bleeding. These findings support ongoing randomized trials to better establish the optimal timing of DOAC initiation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.036695
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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  • 2
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    Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Thrombolysis (0.6 mg/kg) Was Beneficial for Unknown Onset Stroke Above a Certain Core Size : THAWS RCT Substudy
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Stroke Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 12-19
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 12-19
    Abstract: We determined to identify patients with unknown onset stroke who could have favorable 90-day outcomes after low-dose thrombolysis from the THAWS (Thrombolysis for Acute Wake-Up and Unclear-Onset Strokes With Alteplase at 0.6 mg/kg) database. Methods: This was a subanalysis of an investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized, open-label, blinded–end point trial. Patients with stroke with a time last-known-well 〉 4.5 hours who showed a mismatch between diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive alteplase at 0.6 mg/kg intravenously or standard medical treatment. The patients were dichotomized by ischemic core size or National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and the effects of assigned treatments were compared in each group. The efficacy outcome was favorable outcome at 90 days, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 1. Results: The median DWI-Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) was 9, and the median ischemic core volume was 2.5 mL. Both favorable outcome (47.1% versus 48.3%) and any intracranial hemorrhage (26% versus 14%) at 22 to 36 hours were comparable between the 68 thrombolyzed patients and the 58 control patients. There was a significant treatment-by-cohort interaction for favorable outcome between dichotomized patients by ASPECTS on DWI ( P =0.026) and core volume ( P =0.035). Favorable outcome was more common in the alteplase group than in the control group in patients with DWI-ASPECTS 5 to 8 (RR, 4.75 [95% CI, 1.33–30.2]), although not in patients with DWI-ASPECTS 9 to 10. Favorable outcome tended to be more common in the alteplase group than in the control group in patients with core volume 〉 6.4 mL (RR, 6.15 [95% CI, 0.87–43.64]), although not in patients with volume ≤6.4 mL. The frequency of any intracranial hemorrhage did not differ significantly between the 2 treatment groups in any dichotomized patients. Conclusions: Patients developing unknown onset stroke with DWI-ASPECTS 5 to 8 showed favorable outcomes more commonly after low-dose thrombolysis than after standard treatment. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique Identifier: NCT02002325. URL: https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr ; Unique Identifier: UMIN000011630.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030848
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
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    Abstract 63: Three-month Outcomes in Japanese Stroke /TIA Patients With Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation After Initiating Oral Anticoagulants: The SAMURAI-NVAF Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2015
    In:  Stroke Vol. 46, No. suppl_1 ( 2015-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 46, No. suppl_1 ( 2015-02)
    Abstract: Backgound and Purpose: Recently, three non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) became available for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in Japan. We aimed to determine 3-month outcomes in ischemic stroke/TIA patients receiving NOACs or warfarin from a multicenter prospective registry (SAMURAI-NVAF registry, NCT01581502). Methods: Among 1,191 acute ischemic stroke /TIA patients enrolled between September 2011 and March 2014, we studied 916 patients (389 women, 77±10 y) who took oral anticoagulants (OACs) after index stroke and completed 3-month follow-up survey. Primary outcome measures were ischemic events, including recurrent stroke/TIA and thromboembolism, and major bleedings events, such as fatal bleeding and/or symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ according to the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis statement. We assessed the incidence and clinical factors associated with primary outcomes within 90 days after initiating OACs. Results: NOACs were given for 370 patients (126 women, 74±9 y; dabigatran 168, rivaroxaban 183 and apixaban 19) and warfarin for 546 (263 women, 79±10 y). NOAC users had lower scores of CHADS2 (median 3 in NOAC, 4 in warfarin, p 〈 0.001) and HAS-BLED (3, 3, p 〈 0.001) than warfarin users. Ischemic events occurred in 14 NOAC users (3.8%; 2 women, 76±6 y, including 8 lower dose users between two approved dose for each NOAC) and 25 warfarin users (4.6%; 13 women, 81±9 y). Of these, 13 NOAC users (3.5%) and 16 warfarin users (2.9%) developed ischemic stroke/TIA. Among NOAC users, patients with ischemic events had lower body weights (53±11 vs 60±11kg, p= 0.017), more frequently had congestive heart failure (36 vs 10%, p = 0.003) and intracardiac thrombus (27 vs 4%, p 〈 0.001) than those without. Major bleeding events occurred in 5 NOAC users (1.4%, all using lower dose), and 14 warfarin users (2.6%). Of these, one NOAC user (0.3%) and 4 warfarin users (0.7%) developed intracranial hemorrhage. Conclusion: The 3-month incidence of ischemic events in stroke/TIA patients with NVAF was approximately 4% in both NOAC and warfarin users. Intracranial hemorrhage was relatively infrequent in NOAC users.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.46.suppl_1.63
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 4
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    Abstract TP67: Cerebral Microbleeds Are Associated With Hemorrhagic Infarction Among Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With NVAF: The SAMURAI-NVAF Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2016
    In:  Stroke Vol. 47, No. suppl_1 ( 2016-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 47, No. suppl_1 ( 2016-02)
    Abstract: Background and purpose: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are prevalent among stroke patients, and have shown to be the risk factor for the future ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke in several reports. However, the significance of CMBs among acute ischemic stroke patients, especially those with non-valvular arterial fibrillation (NVAF), remains unknown. Methods: Of 1,192 patients who participated in the SAMURAI-NVAF study (an ongoing prospective, multicenter, observational study), 1,099 patients (77.6±10.0 y.o, 620 men) underwent a T2* weighted image (T2*WI). Association of CMBs detected on T2*WI with the incidence of any hemorrhagic infarction (any HI and PH) and PH2 seven days after the index stroke and symptomatic hemorrhagic events and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge were assessed. Results: CMBs were detected in 256 patients (23.2%); single CMB in 96, 2-4 CMBs in 109, and ≥5 CMBs in 51. Hemorrhagic infarction was more frequent as the number of CMBs increased (21.5%, 21.9%, 26.6%, and 33.3% in patients with 0, 1, 2-4, and ≥5 CMBs, respectively: p=0.024, analyzed by Cochran-Armitage test for trend). PH2 was identified in 2.5%, 0%, 2.8% and 3.9%, respectively (p=0.824), symptomatic hemorrhagic event in 1.2%, 1.0%, 0%, and 0%, respectively (p=0.5910), and mRS 3-6 in 51.5%, 54.2%, 54.1%, and 62.7%, respectively (p=0.4370). Presence of CMBs was independently associated with any hemorrhagic infarction [odds ratio (OR) 1.72; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.51; p=0.005] after adjustment for age, sex, premorbid mRS, infarct size, infarct number, and intravenous thrombolysis, but not with PH2 (p=0.639), symptomatic hemorrhagic events (p=0.633), or mRS 3-6 (p=0.212). Among 253 patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis or endvascular therapy, CMBs were also independently associated with hemorrhagic infarction (OR 2.75; 95%CI 1.27-6.04; p=0.010), but not with the other outcomes. Conclusions: CMBs were associated with any hemorrhagic infarction in acute ischemic stroke patients with NVAF regardless of receiving thrombolysis or not. However, they were not associated with PH2, symptomatic hemorrhagic events, or unfavorable vital or functional outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.47.suppl_1.tp67
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 5
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    Abstract T P158: Albuminuria Is Associated With Neurological Deterioration and Poor Outcome in Acute Stroke Patients With Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation: The SAMURAI-NVAF Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2015
    In:  Stroke Vol. 46, No. suppl_1 ( 2015-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 46, No. suppl_1 ( 2015-02)
    Abstract: Background and purpose: The impact of albuminuria on clinical outcomes in acute cardioembolic stroke is not fully investigated. We assessed whether high spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) was associated with clinical outcomes in acute stroke with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods: From 2011 to 2014, we enrolled acute ischemic stroke/TIA patients with NVAF in the SAMURAI-NVAF study, which is a multicenter, observational study. Patients with complete ACR values were included in the analysis. They were divided into the N (normal, ACR 〈 30mg/g) and the H (high, ACR ≥ 30mg/g) groups. Clinical outcomes were neurological deterioration (an increase of NIHSS ≥1 point during the initial 7 days) and poor outcome (mRS of 4-6 at 3 months). Results: Of 558 patients (328 men, 77±10 y) who were included, 271 and 287 were assigned to the H group and the N group, respectively. As compared with patients in the N group, those in the H group were more frequently female (52 vs 31%, p 〈 0.001) and older (80±10 vs 75±10 y, p 〈 0.001). On admission, patients in the H group more frequently had diabetes (28 vs 17%, p = 0.003), less frequently had paroxysmal AF (68 vs 57%, p = 0.009), had higher levels of SBP (157±28 vs 151±24 mmHg, p = 0.003), NIHSS score (11 vs 5, p 〈 0.001), CHA2DS2-VASc score (6 vs 5, p 〈 0.001), plasma glucose (141±62 vs 132±41 mg/dL, p = 0.04), and brain natriuretic peptide (348±331 vs 259±309 pg/mL, p = 0.002), and had lower levels of hemoglobin (13±2 vs 14±2 g/dL, p = 0.02), and estimated glomerular filtration ratio (eGFR) (60±24 vs 66±20 mL/min/1.73m2 p = 0.002). On imaging studies, patients in the H group more frequently had large infarct (29 vs 20 %, p = 0.02) and culprit artery occlusion (64 vs 48%, p 〈 0.001). Neurological deterioration (14 vs 4%, p 〈 0.001) and poor outcome (49 vs 24%, p 〈 0.001) were more frequently observed in the H group. On multivariate regression analysis adjusted for significant confounders and reperfusion therapy, the H group was associated with neurological deterioration (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.14-5.5; p = 0.02) and poor outcome (OR 2.75; 95% CI 1.45-5.2; p = 0.002), although eGFR was not significantly related to either. Conclusion: High ACR, a marker of albuminuria, was independently associated with unfavorable outcomes in acute stroke patients with NVAF.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.46.suppl_1.tp158
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 6
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    Higher Risk of Ischemic Events in Secondary Prevention for Patients With Persistent Than Those With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2016
    In:  Stroke Vol. 47, No. 10 ( 2016-10), p. 2582-2588
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 47, No. 10 ( 2016-10), p. 2582-2588
    Abstract: The discrimination between paroxysmal and sustained (persistent or permanent) atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been considered in the approach to secondary stroke prevention. We aimed to assess the differences in clinical outcomes between mostly anticoagulated patients with sustained and paroxysmal AF who had previous ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Methods— Using data from 1192 nonvalvular AF patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack who were registered in the SAMURAI-NVAF study (Stroke Management With Urgent Risk-Factor Assessment and Improvement-Nonvalvular AF; a prospective, multicenter, observational study), we divided patients into those with paroxysmal AF and those with sustained AF. We compared clinical outcomes between the 2 groups. Results— The median follow-up period was 1.8 (interquartile range, 0.93–2.0) years. Of the 1192 patients, 758 (336 women; 77.9±9.9 years old) and 434 (191 women; 77.3±10.0 years old) were assigned to the sustained AF group and paroxysmal AF groups, respectively. After adjusting for sex, age, previous anticoagulation, and initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, sustained AF was negatively associated with 3-month independence (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.43–0.87; P =0.006). The annual rate of stroke or systemic embolism was 8.3 and 4.6 per 100 person-years, respectively (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.26–3.14) and that of major bleeding events was 3.4 and 3.1, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.63–2.08). Conclusions— Among patients with previous ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, those with sustained AF had a higher risk of stroke or systemic embolism compared with those with paroxysmal AF. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01581502.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.013746
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 7
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    Three-month risk-benefit profile of anticoagulation after stroke with atrial fibrillation: The SAMURAI-Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF) study
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  International Journal of Stroke Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2016-07), p. 565-574
    Details
    In: International Journal of Stroke, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2016-07), p. 565-574
    Abstract: This study was performed to determine the short-term risk-benefit profiles of patients treated with oral anticoagulation for acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack using a multicenter, prospective registry. Methods A total of 1137 patients (645 men, 77 ± 10 years old) with acute ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack taking warfarin (662 patients) or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (dabigatran in 205, rivaroxaban in 245, apixaban in 25 patients) for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who completed a three-month follow-up survey were studied. Choice of anticoagulants was not randomized. Primary outcome measures were stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding. Results Both warfarin and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants were initiated within four days after stroke/transient ischemic attack onset in the majority of cases. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant users had lower ischemia- and bleeding-risk indices (CHADS 2 , CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc, HAS-BLED) and milder strokes than warfarin users. The three-month cumulative rate of stroke/systemic embolism was 3.06% (95% CI 1.96%–4.74%) in warfarin users and 2.84% (1.65%–4.83%) in non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant users (adjusted HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.44–2.04). The rate of major bleeding was 2.61% (1.60%–4.22%) and 1.11% (0.14%–1.08%), respectively (HR 0.63, 0.19–1.78); that for intracranial hemorrhage was marginally significantly lower in non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant users (HR 0.17, 0.01–1.15). Major bleeding did not occur in non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant users with a CHADS 2 score 〈 4 or those with a discharge modified Rankin Scale score ≤2. Conclusions Stroke or systemic embolism during the initial three-month anticoagulation period after stroke/transient ischemic attack was not frequent as compared to previous findings regardless of warfarin or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants were used. Intracranial hemorrhage was relatively uncommon in non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant users, although treatment assignment was not randomized. Early initiation of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants during the acute stage of stroke/transient ischemic attack in real-world clinical settings seems safe in bleeding-susceptible Japanese population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1747-4930 , 1747-4949
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1747493016632239
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2211666-7
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  • 8
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    Intravenous alteplase for stroke with unknown time of onset guided by advanced imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  The Lancet Vol. 396, No. 10262 ( 2020-11), p. 1574-1584
    Details
    In: The Lancet, Elsevier BV, Vol. 396, No. 10262 ( 2020-11), p. 1574-1584
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0140-6736
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32163-2
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2067452-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3306-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476593-7
    SSG: 5,21
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  • 9
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    Prior Anticoagulation and Short‐ or Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of the American Heart Association Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2019-02-05)
    Details
    In: Journal of the American Heart Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2019-02-05)
    Abstract: We aimed to clarify associations between prior anticoagulation and short‐ or long‐term clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Methods and Results A total of 1189 ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who were hospitalized within 7 days after onset were analyzed. Of these, 813 patients (68.4%) received no prior anticoagulation, 310 (26.1%) received prior warfarin treatment with an international normalized ratio ( INR ) 〈 2 on admission, 28 (2.4%) received prior warfarin treatment with an INR ≥2 on admission, and the remaining 38 (3.2%) received prior direct oral anticoagulant treatment. Prior warfarin treatment was associated with a lower risk of death or disability at 3 months compared with no prior anticoagulation ( INR 〈 2: adjusted odds ratio: 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42–0.81; P =0.001; INR ≥2: adjusted odds ratio: 0.40; 95% CI, 0.16–0.97; P =0.043) but was not associated with a lower risk of death or disability at 2 years. Prior warfarin treatment with an INR ≥2 on admission was associated with a higher risk of ischemic events within 2 years compared with no prior anticoagulation (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.94; 95% CI, 1.20–6.15; P =0.021). Conclusions Prior warfarin treatment was associated with a lower risk of death or disability at 3 months but was not associated with a lower risk of death or disability at 2 years in ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Prior warfarin treatment with an INR ≥2 on admission was associated with a higher risk of ischemic events within 2 years. Clinical Trial Registration URL : http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT 01581502.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-9980
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.118.010593
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 10
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    Abstract W P344: Choice of Warfarin and Novel Oral Anticoagulants for Secondary Prevention of Stroke/TIA in Japanese NVAF Patients: The SAMURAI-NVAF Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2014
    In:  Stroke Vol. 45, No. suppl_1 ( 2014-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 45, No. suppl_1 ( 2014-02)
    Abstract: Purpose: We aimed to determine choice of oral anticoagulants (OACs) at acute hospital discharge in stroke patients with NVAF and clarify their underlying characteristics potentially influencing the choice from a multicenter prospective registry (the SAMURAI-NVAF, NCT01581502). Methods: 668 acute ischemic stroke/TIA survivors with NVAF (298 women, 77±10 years old) between Sep '11 and Jun '13 were studied; dabigatran (Jan '11), rivaroxaban (Jan '12), and apixaban (Dec '12) were approved for clinical use in NVAF patients in Japan just before or during the periods. OAC choice at hospital discharge (median 23 days) was assessed. Results: Warfarin was chosen for 420 patients (63%), dabigatran for 143 (21%), rivaroxaban for 72 (11%), and OACs were not chosen for 33 (5%). Of 204 prestroke warfarin users, 160 (78%) continued to take warfarin, 27 changed to dabigatran, and 17 to rivaroxaban. Among three 7-month parts of observation period, warfarin users decreased (70%, 69%, 48%), dabigatran users unchanged (23%, 21%, 19%), and rivaroxaban users increased (0.5%, 7%, 26%). Warfarin users had higher scores of CHADS 2 (median 4 in warfarin, 4 in dabigatran, 3 in rivaroxaban, same orders in the following parentheses, p 〈 0.001) and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc (6, 5, 5, p 〈 0.001). Of components for CHA 2 DS 2 VASc, congestive heart failure (27%, 12%, 13%, p 〈 0.001), stroke history (29%, 15%, 15%, p=0.001), vascular disease (18%, 11%, 7%, p=0.019), and women (47%, 34%, 40%, p=0.020) were more common in warfarin users than the others. Age (79±10, 73±9, 74±10 years old, p 〈 0.001), body weight (54±12, 62±11, 59±12 kg, p 〈 0.001), admission creatinine clearance (52±26, 72±23, 67±25 ml/min, p 〈 0.001), and concomitant antiplatelet use (12%, 10%, 1%, p=0.020) were also different. As features of index stroke, infarcts 〉 33% in size of the culprit arterial territory were more common (29%, 8%, 13%) and scores of admission NIHSS (median 10, 3, 6), 7-day NIHSS (5, 1, 1) and discharge mRS (3.5, 1, 2, p 〈 0.001 for all) were higher in warfarin users. Conclusion: In the initial two years after approval of novel OACs (NOACs), warfarin use at acute hospital discharge was still common, although NOAC users gradually increased. Index stroke was milder and ischemia-risk indices were lower in NOAC users than warfarin users.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.45.suppl_1.wp344
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2014
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