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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multimodal neurocognitive markers of naturalistic discourse typify diverse neurodegenerative diseases
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Cerebral Cortex Vol. 32, No. 16 ( 2022-08-03), p. 3377-3391
    Details
    In: Cerebral Cortex, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 32, No. 16 ( 2022-08-03), p. 3377-3391
    Abstract: Neurodegeneration has multiscalar impacts, including behavioral, neuroanatomical, and neurofunctional disruptions. Can disease-differential alterations be captured across such dimensions using naturalistic stimuli? To address this question, we assessed comprehension of four naturalistic stories, highlighting action, nonaction, social, and nonsocial events, in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) relative to Alzheimer’s disease patients and healthy controls. Text-specific correlates were evaluated via voxel-based morphometry, spatial (fMRI), and temporal (hd-EEG) functional connectivity. PD patients presented action–text deficits related to the volume of action–observation regions, connectivity across motor-related and multimodal-semantic hubs, and frontal hd-EEG hypoconnectivity. BvFTD patients exhibited social–text deficits, associated with atrophy and spatial connectivity patterns along social-network hubs, alongside right frontotemporal hd-EEG hypoconnectivity. Alzheimer’s disease patients showed impairments in all stories, widespread atrophy and spatial connectivity patterns, and heightened occipitotemporal hd-EEG connectivity. Our framework revealed disease-specific signatures across behavioral, neuroanatomical, and neurofunctional dimensions, highlighting the sensitivity and specificity of a single naturalistic task. This investigation opens a translational agenda combining ecological approaches and multimodal cognitive neuroscience for the study of neurodegeneration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1047-3211 , 1460-2199
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab421
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483485-6
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  • 2
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    GERO Cohort Protocol, Chile, 2017–2022: Community-based Cohort of Functional Decline in Subjective Cognitive Complaint elderly
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  BMC Geriatrics Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Geriatrics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: With the global population aging and life expectancy increasing, dementia has turned a priority in the health care system. In Chile, dementia is one of the most important causes of disability in the elderly and the most rapidly growing cause of death in the last 20 years. Cognitive complaint is considered a predictor for cognitive and functional decline, incident mild cognitive impairment, and incident dementia. The GERO cohort is the Chilean core clinical project of the Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO). The objective of the GERO cohort is to analyze the rate of functional decline and progression to clinical dementia and their associated risk factors in a community-dwelling elderly with subjective cognitive complaint, through a population-based study. We also aim to undertake clinical research on brain ageing and dementia disorders, to create data and biobanks with the appropriate infrastructure to conduct other studies and facilitate to the national and international scientific community access to the data and samples for research. Methods The GERO cohort aims the recruitment of 300 elderly subjects ( 〉  70 years) from Santiago (Chile), following them up for at least 3 years. Eligible people are adults not diagnosed with dementia with subjective cognitive complaint, which are reported either by the participant, a proxy or both. Participants are identified through a household census. The protocol for evaluation is based on a multidimensional approach including socio-demographic, biomedical, psychosocial, neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric and motor assessments. Neuroimaging, blood and stool samples are also obtained. This multidimensional evaluation is carried out in a baseline and 2 follow-ups assessments, at 18 and 36 months. In addition, in months 6, 12, 24, and 30, a telephone interview is performed in order to keep contact with the participants and to assess general well-being. Discussion Our work will allow us to determine multidimensional risks factors associated with functional decline and conversion to dementia in elderly with subjective cognitive complain. The aim of our GERO group is to establish the capacity to foster cutting edge and multidisciplinary research on aging in Chile including basic and clinical research. Trial registration NCT04265482 in ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration Date: February 11, 2020. Retrospectively Registered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2318
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01866-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2059865-8
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  • 3
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    Structural correlates of moral emotions in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia Vol. 17, No. S6 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. S6 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Social cognition impairments have been extensively described in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Moral emotions have recently emerged as a potentially sensitive domain to characterize and discriminate bvFTD patients from other types of dementia. Here, we examined the usefulness of moral emotions measures to characterize and discriminate bvFTD from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, and their structural brain correlates in both groups. Method In this multicenter (Chile‐Colombia) study, 31 bvFTD, 30 AD patients, and 37 healthy controls –matched by age, sex, and educational level– completed an adapted version of the Moral Sentiments Association Task (MSAT) consisting of 29 text‐based scenarios evoking moral (guilt, pity, embarrassment, and indignation) and basic (fear and disgust) emotions. After reading each scenario, participants selected the emotion they would feel in that situation and rated their elicited intensity and disturbance levels. General cognitive (MoCA/ACE‐III) and executive (IFS) measures were also included. Additionally, we performed VBM analysis in a subsample (15 bvFTD, 20 AD, 17 controls) to study the association between grey matter volumes and moral emotions processing Result After controlling for cognitive and executive skills, bvFTD patients exhibited lower accuracy on identifying moral emotions –pity, embarrassment, and indignation– than AD patients, despite null differences in basic emotions. Subsequent discriminant analysis revealed that this differential pattern classified patient groups more accurately (74%: 65% bvFTD and 83% AD) than individual cognitive (59%) and executive (51%) measures. Crucially, between‐group classification substantially improved when combining the three measures mentioned above (79%: 68% bvFTD, 90% AD). In both groups, pity, embarrassment, and indignation identification correlated with reduced grey matter volumes in regions subserving social cognition and emotion processing, including the Rolandic operculum, the inferior and middle temporal gyri, and the postcentral gyrus (exclusive to bvFTD). Conclusion These results suggest that bvFTD patients exhibit moral emotion impairments as compared with AD patients. Particularly, pity, embarrassment, and indignation emerged as useful measures to patients' classification. Such findings contribute to a better understanding of the structural correlates of moral emotional deficits in bvFTD patients while highlighting the potential benefits of integrating this domain into the standard cognitive and executive assessment for a more accurate differential diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.v17.S6
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.054021
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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  • 4
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    Moral Emotions and Their Brain Structural Correlates Across Neurodegenerative Disorders
    IOS Press ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Vol. 92, No. 1 ( 2023-03-07), p. 153-169
    Details
    In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, IOS Press, Vol. 92, No. 1 ( 2023-03-07), p. 153-169
    Abstract: Background: Although social cognition is compromised in patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), research on moral emotions and their neural correlates in these populations is scarce. No previous study has explored the utility of moral emotions, compared to and in combination with classical general cognitive state tools, to discriminate bvFTD from AD patients. Objective: To examine self-conscious (guilt and embarrassment) and other-oriented (pity and indignation) moral emotions, their subjective experience, and their structural brain underpinnings in bvFTD (n = 31) and AD (n = 30) patients, compared to healthy controls (n = 37). We also explored the potential utility of moral emotions measures to discriminate bvFTD from AD. Methods: We used a modified version of the Moral Sentiment Task measuring the participants’ accuracy scores and their emotional subjective experiences. Results: bvFTD patients exhibited greater impairments in self-conscious and other-oriented moral emotions as compared with AD patients and healthy controls. Moral emotions combined with general cognitive state tools emerged as useful measures to discriminate bvFTD from AD patients. In bvFTD patients, lower moral emotions scores were associated with lower gray matter volumes in caudate nucleus and inferior and middle temporal gyri. In AD, these scores were associated with lower gray matter volumes in superior and middle frontal gyri, middle temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule and supramarginal gyrus. Conclusion: These findings contribute to a better understanding of moral emotion deficits across neurodegenerative disorders, highlighting the potential benefits of integrating this domain into the clinical assessment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1387-2877 , 1875-8908
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3233/JAD-221131
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOS Press
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070772-1
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  • 5
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    A study based on the embodied emotion approach: The recognition of whole‐body social emotions and postural control in Alzheimer's disease dementia, Parkinson's disease and healthy control : Developing topics
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia Vol. 16, No. S6 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 16, No. S6 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have a significant impairment in social emotion recognition. Most of these studies assess emotional perception as the ability to identify others' facial emotions (Ekman faces). Nevertheless, emotional recognition with information that integrates whole‐body and postural control responses has not been investigated in ADD or PD. Method 66 participants were recruited (ADD, PD, healthy controls (HC)). Subjects were diagnosed following NINCDS‐ADRDA criteria for ADD, and the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank criteria for PD. Inclusion criteria considered older than 60 years and non‐other neuropsychiatric comorbidity. All participants were assessed in global cognition (ACE‐III), executive function (IFS, FAS), memory (FCRST), and social cognition (Minisea (Faux Pas (FP), Ekman faces (EF)). Three videos were elaborated with persons practicing risk sports (neutral, pleasant, unpleasant); and another unpleasant condition that did not show a human body (car accidents). Videos were previously validated by their emotional properties (120 subjects) following the Self‐assessment Manikin. Participants stood up at a force platform while videos (60 seconds) were presented at a TV screen (40 inches) at face height and 1 meter to the front. Postural control data to compute center of pressure (COP) were collected at a sample rate of 125Hz. At the end of each video, participants had to rate (1‐9) valence, intensity, and control. COP parameters included velocity, area, and frequency decomposition. Statistical analysis was performed on the first principal component (PC1) on those parameters. Emotional recognition was analyzed by ANOVA (3*3) (group*self‐perception), and postural data by Repeated‐Measures ANOVA (3*4) (group*emotional condition). Result Participants with ADD(n=25) show significant impairment in all cognitive domains assessed even when FP was adjusted for control questions, compared to PD(n=14) and HC(n=27). ADD showed significant differences in the recognition of whole‐body negative emotions (6,04 + 2,752), compared to PD (3,71 + 2,585) and HC (4,19 + 2,286). When postural control responses were analyzed, the pleasant condition showed significantly bigger displacements (PC1) than the other emotional conditions. Conclusion ADD participants have problems recognizing negative social emotions that involve whole‐body. Emotional stimuli produce changes similar in postural control among groups, which depend on emotional conditions. These results suggest studying the emotion beyond facial emotion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.v16.S6
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.047687
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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  • 6
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    Automated text‐level semantic markers of Alzheimer's disease
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2022-01)
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, Wiley, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2022-01)
    Abstract: Automated speech analysis has emerged as a scalable, cost‐effective tool to identify persons with Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD). Yet, most research is undermined by low interpretability and specificity. Methods Combining statistical and machine learning analyses of natural speech data, we aimed to discriminate ADD patients from healthy controls (HCs) based on automated measures of domains typically affected in ADD: semantic granularity (coarseness of concepts) and ongoing semantic variability (conceptual closeness of successive words). To test for specificity, we replicated the analyses on Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Results Relative to controls, ADD (but not PD) patients exhibited significant differences in both measures. Also, these features robustly discriminated between ADD patients and HC, while yielding near‐chance classification between PD patients and HCs. Discussion Automated discourse‐level semantic analyses can reveal objective, interpretable, and specific markers of ADD, bridging well‐established neuropsychological targets with digital assessment tools.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2352-8729 , 2352-8729
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/dad2.v14.1
    DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12276
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2832898-X
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  • 7
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    The “when” matters: Evidence from memory markers in the clinical continuum of Alzheimer’s disease.
    American Psychological Association (APA) ; 2023
    In:  Neuropsychology Vol. 37, No. 7 ( 2023-10), p. 753-768
    Details
    In: Neuropsychology, American Psychological Association (APA), Vol. 37, No. 7 ( 2023-10), p. 753-768
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1931-1559 , 0894-4105
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1037/neu0000891
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2102776-6
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 8
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    Memory markers can help trace the Alzheimer’s disease continuum: Evidence from the GERO Cohort
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia Vol. 17, No. S6 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. S6 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Cognitive assessments able to detect impairments as early as neuropathological changes that occur in neurodegenerative diseases initiate are urgently needed. The Visual Short‐Term Memory Binding Test (VSTMBT) and the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCRST) have been recently recommended by the Neurodegenerative Diseases Working Group (Costa et al., 2017) as promising preclinical markers of AD. They have never been used before to assess elderlies with cognitive complain recruited from the community. Method A total of 271 subjects (37 healthy controls (HC), 112 subjective cognitive complain (SCC), 96 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 26 Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD)), recruited from Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO) Cohort and the Memory and Neuropsychiatric Clinic (CMYN), underwent assessment with the VSTMBT and the Visual Version of the FCRST (FCRST‐Visual). Two memory loads were used for the VSTMBT (low and high). The ability of these tests to discriminate between groups. Result Significant differences were found between HC, MCI and ADD using the VSTMBT and the FCRST‐Visual version. Notably, the STMB was the only test that “marginally” differentiated between HC from SCC (p = 0.055). Moreover, whereas the FCRST‐Visual showed a gradient (HC = SCC) 〉 MCI 〉 AD, the VSTMBT’s gradient was HC 〉 (SCC = MCI = ADD) suggesting that the function assessed by the latter test may be sensitive to the very early stages of the disease dropping to levels that cannot decline further. Conclusion Our results suggest that the VSTMBT and FCSRT are sensitive to the early stages of dementia. Whereas the former detects changes in the early subjective stages, the latter is more sensitive to later objective stages of cognitive decline. The latter but not the former could help monitor disease progression. These results raise important questions about the usefulness of cognitive screening tools to detect and monitor disease progression and to separate normal and abnormal ageing trajectories. We propose the need of cognitive assessments that detect subtle differences as early as neuropathological changes occur in the brain, which will lead to the development of new “cognitive biomarkers” for dementia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.v17.S6
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.054261
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
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    Sensorimotor responses and emotional perception in empathy for pain: An study in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and healthy older adults
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia Vol. 19, No. S4 ( 2023-06)
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 19, No. S4 ( 2023-06)
    Abstract: Motricity has been proposed to shape our perception and the pre‐reflective knowledge of the other as embodied agents. Through our motor system, we have a meaningful pre‐reflective conception of the experience of the other (empathy). We compared the sensorimotor responses and emotional perception in persons with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and healthy older adults (HOA) while they watched videos of sportswomen/sportsmen suffering physical accidents and videos of a neutral condition. Method 86 participants older than 60 years were recruited (AD = 28, PD = 25, HOA = 33). Subjects with AD were diagnosed following NINCDS‐ADRDA criteria and PD with the United Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank. The assessment consisted of two parts. Firstly, a neuropsychological battery that included assessment in global cognition (ACE‐III), executive function (IFS, FAS), memory (FCRST), and social cognition (Minisea). Secondly, participants stood up without moving on a force platform while watching videos (60 seconds long and seven scenes each). One video showed sportswomen/sportsmen having physical accidents practicing extreme sports (pain condition), and the other was a neutral condition (home furnishings). At the end of each video, participants rated valence, intensity, and control (1‐9). Each scene was analyzed through six consecutive windows: three seconds before the fall and three after the fall. The six windows of the neutral condition were selected by taking the central temporal part of each scene. Subsequently, and in each window, the AnteroPosterior amplitude of the Center of Pressure (AP‐CoP) was calculated. Results Participants with AD showed significant impairment in practically all cognitive domains, compared to PD and HOA. An Anova (group*condition*temporal windows) revealed a simple effect on group and condition in AP‐CoP displacement. AD and PD showed higher AP‐CoP in both pain and neutral condition than HOA. PD and HOA showed higher AP‐CoP in pain condition than neutral condition, but not AD. In the ANOVA (group*condition), AD rated (p 〈 0.01) higher the emotional valence in the pain condition (5,93±2,72) than PD (3,52±2,2) and HOA (4,06±2,29). Conclusion Sensorimotor responses in AD and PD showed enhanced AP‐CoP when compared to HOA. Moreover, AD patients showed a marked impairment in perceiving empathy towards the pain of others.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.v19.S4
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.062620
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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