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  • Feughelman, M.  (13)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical Properties of Wool Fibers at Various Regains- : Part III: Study of the State of Water in Wool by N.M.R. Techniques
    SAGE Publications ; 1961
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 31, No. 10 ( 1961-10), p. 899-904
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 31, No. 10 ( 1961-10), p. 899-904
    Abstract: Both direct absorption curves and derivative curves due to proton magnetic resonance absorption in wool have been obtained. Peak heights and widths of the absorption lines were measured for wool samples equilibrated at a number of relative humidities in the range 0 to 90%. All water protons in wool appear to be less firmly bound than the keratin protons, but less mobile than liquid water. It seems clear that an increment of absorbed water changes the binding energies of previously absorbed water. No evi dence was obtained of a subdivision of water in wool into two or three fractions with different binding energies which are successively bound as the equilibrium regain is increased.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756103101010
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1961
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Permanent Set and Keratin Structure
    SAGE Publications ; 1962
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 32, No. 11 ( 1962-11), p. 913-917
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 11 ( 1962-11), p. 913-917
    Abstract: When a normal wool fiber is held extended in boiling distilled water, the force due to bonds opposing the extension falls rapidly in the first few minutes to a steady value of force, which has been shown to he purely entropic. Accompanying this breakdown of bonds opposing extension is the reduction of the ability of the fiber to return, on release, to its native configuration. The loss of organization in the released fiber suggested by mechanical fiber tests is confirmed by birefringence measurements and also by the irrecoverability of the a-keratin structure, as measured by the x-ray diffraction pattern. The longitudinal swelling on wetting dry fibers increases as the setting exten sion increases and with increased time of setting; these observations are also consistent with structural disorganization of the fiber. The equilibrium state after release of the keratin fiber changes in the first few minutes of being held extended in the boiling water from the native state to a supercontracted state. This state, on further boiling, is replaced by that of the set fiber.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756203201106
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1962
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Supercontracting and Setting Behavior of Modified Wool Fibers
    SAGE Publications ; 1960
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 30, No. 5 ( 1960-05), p. 365-372
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 30, No. 5 ( 1960-05), p. 365-372
    Abstract: Ultraviolet irradiation of wool fibers increases their rates of supercontraction in unbuffered LiBr solutions and of setting in boiling water. There is a second, slower effect of ultraviolet shown by a progressive reduction in degree of contraction at equi librium. Treatment with thioglycollic acid or peracetic acid also increases the rates of supercontraction and setting. Iodination or reaction with the Van Slyke reagent reduces the rates. There is little or no loss of tyrosine. and little loss of cystine in the irradiation time which gives the maximum effect on rate of supercontraction. Rate of supercontrac tion, rate of setting, and second-order transition temperature are closely related properties, as are equilibrium contraction, maximum set, and remanent stress.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756003000505
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1960
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Some Mechanical Properties of Single Wool Fibers in D2O
    SAGE Publications ; 1959
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 29, No. 7 ( 1959-07), p. 564-567
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 29, No. 7 ( 1959-07), p. 564-567
    Abstract: Both the load-extension and the stress—relaxation curves were compared in the yield region for single wool fibers in water and in deuterium oxide. Also a comparison was made of the rate of penetration of water and deuterium oxide fronts into a dry fiber. In all cases the deuterium oxide acts in the wool fiber the same as water with the temper ature of the fiber reduced by about 5-6° C.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051755902900706
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1959
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Physical Properties of Wool Fibers at Various Regains : Part VII: The Binding of Water in Keratin
    SAGE Publications ; 1962
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 32, No. 12 ( 1962-12), p. 966-971
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 12 ( 1962-12), p. 966-971
    Abstract: Each water molecule in the keratin-water system is considered to have four asso ciations, each of which may be either an association directly with the keratin structure or an association with another water molecule. By assuming, as a first approximation, that the energy of binding of a water-keratin association is a fixed value above that of a water-water association, and using available data on the differential heats of wetting of keratin, the change in the proportion of keratin-water and water-water associations with change of regain may be calculated. From this, the proportion of water molecules with four, three; two, one, or no associations with keratin at any regain may be estimated. If the water not associated at all with' the keratin structure is considered "free" or "liquid" water, and the associated water "bound" or "localized" water, then reasonable agreement is found with the corresponding water fractions estimated by Cassie. Experi mental data are presented which appear to indicate that these two fractions have a definite physical Significance Nuclear magnetic resonance results are also discussed, to show where disagreement exists with the earlier concept of water sorption. The model presented is shown to be compatible with. these results and with other evidence from experiments on the drying of wool from saturation and from intermediate relative humidities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756203201202
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1962
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Application of Statistical Theory of Elastomers to Supercontracted Keratin Fibers
    SAGE Publications ; 1957
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 27, No. 12 ( 1957-12), p. 919-924
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 27, No. 12 ( 1957-12), p. 919-924
    Abstract: Supercontraction in lithium bromide solutions of wool, human hair, and kid mohair takes place in two distinct stages. Evidence is presented which suggests that the polypeptide chains in these fibers. after supercontraction in lithium bromide solution, reach a condition both at the end of the first contraction stage and at the end of the second stage when the chain segments between positions of cross-linking approximate a random configuration. The mean number of amino acid residues in the chains between positions of cross- linking was calculated from degree of contraction data, assuming that the chains were randomly kinked. In addition, the number was calculated from stress-strain data, using a formula which has been derived for rubber. The values obtained in these two ways were in satisfactory agreement. The nature and distribution of cross-linkages are briefly considered, and it is pointed out that the results are consistent with cystine analyses of the fibers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051755702701201
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1957
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Part VIII: N.M.R. Absorption by Water in Wool During Changes of Water Content
    SAGE Publications ; 1962
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 32, No. 12 ( 1962-12), p. 971-977
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 12 ( 1962-12), p. 971-977
    Abstract: The change with time of the nuclear magnetic resonance absorption by water in wool was observed during uptake and loss of water following relative humidity changes between near zero and 70%, 80%, and 93%. Exchange of D 2 O by H 2 O was also observed at 93% RH. During both uptake and loss of water the results indicate that line broadening is taking place because of reduced mobility of some protons. It is suggested that this low mobility follows, at least in part, from a low level of H-bond network formation during the transient state. In desorption most of the more mobile water is quickly removed and thereafter its concentration is small. The constant- regain diffusion coefficient for water in wool at 21° C and 93% RH calculated from the D 2 O-H 2 O exchange experiment was approximately 1.5 X 10 -8 cm 2 /sec. It appears that the corresponding intrinsic diffusion coefficient lies between conflicting values found by other workers. The exchange curve, which should be a good approximation to a self-diffusion curve, deviated grossly from a Fickian shape after the first minute. It was found that the n.m.r. signal depended on previous sorption history if the wool was not thoroughly wetted-out before a test.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756203201203
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1962
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interaction between perfluoro-octanoic acid and the fibrous proteins keratin and collagen
    Elsevier BV ; 1960
    In:  Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Vol. 43 ( 1960-1), p. 550-551
    Details
    In: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Elsevier BV, Vol. 43 ( 1960-1), p. 550-551
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-3002
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)90481-9
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1960
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1460387-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Physical Properties of Wool Fibers at Various Regains : Part VI: The Mechanism of Stress Relaxation and Length Recovery
    SAGE Publications ; 1962
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 1962-03), p. 227-236
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 1962-03), p. 227-236
    Abstract: At relative humidities ( p/p 0 ) between 5% and 90% the force f t at time t acting on a a wool fiber at fixed extension in the yield region is given by f t = [a - b ( p/p 0 )]ϕ ( t). Here a and b are quantities independent of humidity and time, while ϕ( t) is a function of time only and approximately linear with the logarithm of time. A model consisting of a network of bonds with various energy barriers to breakdown is proposed to explain the above relationship between force and time. Further, this model is applied to explain the mechanism of recovery from cohesive set. The role of water in bond breakdown and the effect of the mobility of the water are discussed with reference to the mechanisms of relaxation and recovery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756203200308
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1962
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Nature of Permanent Set in Keratin Fibers
    SAGE Publications ; 1958
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 28, No. 8 ( 1958-08), p. 655-659
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 8 ( 1958-08), p. 655-659
    Abstract: It has been shown by Farnworth that permanent set of keratin fibers in water is mainly due to strong polar linkages formed during the setting process. In this paper these linkages are identified with the bonds broken in the second stage of supercon traction of a fiber in a concentrated lithium bromide solution. These bonds are probably formed by groups of cooperative hydrogen bonds which are closely associated in the keratin structure with a tyrosine residue.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051755802800803
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1958
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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