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  • Fang, Xie  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Meibomian Glands and Tear Film Findings in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 9 ( 2022-4-5)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-4-5)
    Abstract: The characteristics of the meibomian gland and tear film in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with different glycemic control levels and diabetic durations remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to identify the association of dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in T2D. Materials and Methods Ninety-nine patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM group), 33 dry eye patients without diabetes mellitus (DE group), and 40 normal subjects (NC group) were recruited for this study. Participants were evaluated with an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear film breakup time (BUT), the Schirmer I test (SIT), corneal fluorescein staining (FL), lipid layer thickness (LLT), and MGD parameters. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1 c ) and duration of diabetes were recorded. Results The SIT value in the DM group was higher than that of the DE group ( p & lt; 0.05). The BUT and LLT were lower, and MGD parameters were higher in the DM group than those of the DE and NC groups ( p & lt; 0.05). In the DM group, 47 patients were diagnosed with dry eye (DM + DE group), whereas 40 patients without dry eye were categorized as the DM − DE group. The SIT, BUT, and LLT values in the DM − DE group were higher ( p & lt; 0.01), and MGD parameters were lower ( p & lt; 0.01) in the DM − DE group than those of the DM + DE group. The MGD parameters were higher in the DM − DE group than those in the NC group ( p & lt; 0.05). The HbA 1 c levels were correlated with OSDI, BUT, LLT, FL, and MGD parameters ( p & lt; 0.001) in the DM group. However, in patients with low HbA 1 c , normal SIT value, and low OSDI, the MGD parameters were higher than those in the NC group ( p & lt; 0.05). The duration of diabetes positively correlated with MGD parameters ( p & lt; 0.001). Conclusion Asymptomatic MGD may be an early sign of dry eye and ocular discomfort in T2D. The MGD parameters were associated with the HbA 1 c level and diabetic duration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.762493
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775999-4
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Correlates to the Tear Film Instability and Ocular Discomfort in Patients with Pterygium
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2017
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2017-03-24)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2017-03-24)
    Abstract: Pterygium is a very common disease in an eye clinic characterized by a benign proliferation of local conjunctiva that often crosses the limber of cornea and extends into corneal surface. Variety of studies has showed that pterygium is able to result in ocular discomfort and the change of ocular surface environment, such as dry eye. However, the link between abnormal tear film function and pterygium is controversial. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a common cause of dry eye and ocular discomfort but is often neglected, which may be the missing link between dry eye and pterygium. In this study, our data firstly revealed increased abnormality of meibomian gland structure and function in pterygium patients, representing with increased abnormality of MGD parameters such as meibum expression ( P   〈  0.001) and meibomian gland loss ( P   〈  0.001). Besides, the scores of MGD severity in patients with progressive pterygium were higher than those in patients with resting pterygium. The correlation between MGD parameters and ocular discomfort as well as dry eye indexes is also established. These findings suggest that MGD correlates to the tear film instability and ocular discomfort in patients with pterygium.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/srep45115
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transepithelial corneal cross-linking assisted by two continuous cycles of iontophoresis for progressive keratoconus in adults: retrospective 5-year analysis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology Vol. 259, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 239-246
    Details
    In: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 259, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 239-246
    Abstract: The aim of this study is to compare the long-term effects of transepithelial corneal crosslinking with two continuous cycles of iontophoresis (EI-CXL) and conventional corneal crosslinking (C-CXL) in adults with progressive keratoconus. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in adults who underwent C-CXL or EI-CXL between 2013 and 2015. Visual acuity, corneal tomography, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCM), and endothelial cell count (ECC) were performed preoperatively and 5 years postoperatively. Results Sixty-eight patients with a mean age of (24.3 ± 3.8) years were included, 34 for each group. After CXL, UCVA or BCVA remained stable, while the spherical diopter, cylinder diopter, spherical equivalent, and K max significantly decreased at 1, 2, and 3 years in both groups than baseline ( P   〈  0.05). No significant differences were found in any refractive or tomographic parameters as well as the minimal corneal thickness between groups during follow-up. At 5 years, K max was slightly higher in EI-CXL group (58.16 ± 6.28) than that of C-CXL group (57.46 ± 4.98). At 3 and 5 years, the minimal corneal thickness in C-CXL group was still significantly lower than baseline ( P   〈  0.05). IVCM demonstrated the demarcation zone at a mean depth of (302.0 ± 41.7) μm after C-CXL, and at (251.2 ± 28.1) μm after EI-CXL ( P   〈  0.001). Keratocyte repopulation was detectable at all follow-up timepoint in both groups. Postoperative complications including progression were recorded in 6 patients (11.7%) after C-CXL and 3 patients (8.8%) after EI-CXL. ECC remained stable in both groups. Conclusion EI-CXL showed approximate efficacy with C-CXL in stabilizing progressive keratoconus in adults. EI-CXL has the potential to be a preferable transepithelial protocol.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0721-832X , 1435-702X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04861-y
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1459159-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety and efficacy of repeated crosslinking assisted by transepithelial double-cycle iontophoresis in keratoconus progression after primary corneal crosslinking
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Eye Vol. 35, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 3020-3027
    Details
    In: Eye, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 35, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 3020-3027
    Abstract: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of repeated corneal collagen crosslinking assisted by transepithelial double-cycle iontophoresis (DI-CXL) in the management of keratoconus progression after primary CXL. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in the patients who underwent repeated CXL between 2016 and 2018. These patients were treated with DI-CXL if keratoconus progression was confirmed after primary CXL. Scoring of ocular pain and corneal epithelial damage, visual acuity, corneal tomography, in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCM) was performed before and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after DI-CXL. Results Overall, 21 eyes of 12 patients (mean age 17.3 ± 1.9 years) were included in this study. Before DI-CXL, an average increase of 4.26 D in K max was detected in these patients with a mean follow-up interval of (23.0 ± 13.7) months. After DI-CXL, corneal epithelial damage rapidly recovered within days. Visual acuity remained unchanged with follow-up of 24 months. When compared to baseline, significant decreases were observed in K max (at 3 months) and K2 (at 3 and 6 months) after DI-CXL. Corneal thickness of thinnest point significantly decreased at 3 months postoperatively. When compared to baseline, no significant differences were found in any of the refractive or tomographic parameters at 12 and 24 months. IVCM revealed trabecular patterned hyperdense tissues after DI-CXL in the anterior stroma at the depth of 200 μm or more. No corneal infiltration or persistent epithelial defect was recorded after DI-CXL. Conclusion DI-CXL is safe and effective as a good alternative in stabilizing keratoconus progression after primary CXL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-222X , 1476-5454
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-01365-1
    RVK:
    XA 42635
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2080338-2
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