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  • Falkai, Peter  (3)
  • Kambeitz, Joseph  (3)
  • 2020-2024  (3)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pattern of predictive features of continued cannabis use in patients with recent-onset psychosis and clinical high-risk for psychosis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Schizophrenia Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2022-03-09)
    Details
    In: Schizophrenia, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2022-03-09)
    Abstract: Continued cannabis use (CCu) is an important predictor for poor long-term outcomes in psychosis and clinically high-risk patients, but no generalizable model has hitherto been tested for its ability to predict CCu in these vulnerable patient groups. In the current study, we investigated how structured clinical and cognitive assessments and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) contributed to the prediction of CCu in a group of 109 patients with recent-onset psychosis (ROP). We tested the generalizability of our predictors in 73 patients at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR). Here, CCu was defined as any cannabis consumption between baseline and 9-month follow-up, as assessed in structured interviews. All patients reported lifetime cannabis use at baseline. Data from clinical assessment alone correctly classified 73% ( p   〈  0.001) of ROP and 59 % of CHR patients. The classifications of CCu based on sMRI and cognition were non-significant (ps  〉  0.093), and their addition to the interview-based predictor via stacking did not improve prediction significantly, either in the ROP or CHR groups (ps  〉  0.065). Lower functioning, specific substance use patterns, urbanicity and a lack of other coping strategies contributed reliably to the prediction of CCu and might thus represent important factors for guiding preventative efforts. Our results suggest that it may be possible to identify by clinical measures those psychosis-spectrum patients at high risk for CCu, potentially allowing to improve clinical care through targeted interventions. However, our model needs further testing in larger samples including more diverse clinical populations before being transferred into clinical practice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2754-6993
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00218-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3133210-9
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association between age of cannabis initiation and gray matter covariance networks in recent onset psychosis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Neuropsychopharmacology Vol. 46, No. 8 ( 2021-07), p. 1484-1493
    Details
    In: Neuropsychopharmacology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 46, No. 8 ( 2021-07), p. 1484-1493
    Abstract: Cannabis use during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of developing psychosis. According to a current hypothesis, this results from detrimental effects of early cannabis use on brain maturation during this vulnerable period. However, studies investigating the interaction between early cannabis use and brain structural alterations hitherto reported inconclusive findings. We investigated effects of age of cannabis initiation on psychosis using data from the multicentric Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) and the Cannabis Induced Psychosis (CIP) studies, yielding a total sample of 102 clinically-relevant cannabis users with recent onset psychosis. GM covariance underlies shared maturational processes. Therefore, we performed source-based morphometry analysis with spatial constraints on structural brain networks showing significant alterations in schizophrenia in a previous multisite study, thus testing associations of these networks with the age of cannabis initiation and with confounding factors. Earlier cannabis initiation was associated with more severe positive symptoms in our cohort. Greater gray matter volume (GMV) in the previously identified cerebellar schizophrenia-related network had a significant association with early cannabis use, independent of several possibly confounding factors. Moreover, GMV in the cerebellar network was associated with lower volume in another network previously associated with schizophrenia, comprising the insula, superior temporal, and inferior frontal gyrus. These findings are in line with previous investigations in healthy cannabis users, and suggest that early initiation of cannabis perturbs the developmental trajectory of certain structural brain networks in a manner imparting risk for psychosis later in life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0893-133X , 1740-634X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-00977-9
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008300-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bridging the phenomenological gap between predictive basic-symptoms and attenuated positive symptoms: a cross-sectional network analysis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Schizophrenia Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2022-08-24)
    Details
    In: Schizophrenia, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2022-08-24)
    Abstract: Attenuated positive symptoms (APS), transient psychotic-like symptoms (brief, limited intermittent psychotic symptoms, BLIPS), and predictive cognitive-perceptive basic-symptoms (BS) criteria can help identify a help-seeking population of young people at clinical high-risk of a first episode psychosis (CHRp). Phenomenological, there are substantial differences between BS and APS or BLIPS. BS do not feature psychotic content as delusion or hallucinations, and reality testing is preserved. One fundamental problem in the psychopathology of CHRp is to understand how the non-psychotic BS are related to APS. To explore the interrelationship of APS and predictive BS, we fitted a network analysis to a dataset of 231 patients at CHRp, aged 24.4 years (SD = 5.3) with 65% male. Particular emphasis was placed on points of interaction (bridge symptoms) between the two criteria sets. The BS ‘unstable ideas of reference’ and “inability to discriminate between imagination and reality” interacted with attenuated delusional ideation. Perceptual BS were linked to perceptual APS. Albeit central for the network, predictive cognitive basic BS were relatively isolated from APS. Our analysis provides empirical support for existing theoretical accounts that interaction between the distinct phenomenological domains of BS and APS is characterized by impairments in source monitoring and perspective-taking. Identifying bridge symptoms between the symptom domains holds the potential to empirically advance the etiological understanding of psychosis and pave the way for tailored clinical interventions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2754-6993
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00274-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3133210-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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