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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fecal bacteria and metabolite responses to dietary lysozyme in a sow model from late gestation until lactation
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-02-21)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-02-21)
    Abstract: Lysozyme (LZM) is a natural anti-bacterial protein that is found in the saliva, tears and milk of all mammals including humans. Its anti-bacterial properties result from the ability to cleave bacterial cell walls, causing bacterial death. The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary LZM on fecal microbial composition and variation in metabolites in sow. The addition of LZM decreased the fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Zonulin and endotoxin in the serum, and feces, were decreased with lysozyme supplementation. Furthermore, fecal concentrations of lipocalin-2 and the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α were also decreased while the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased by lysozyme supplementation. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region suggested that fecal microbial levels changed at different taxonomic levels with the addition of LZM. Representative changes included the reduction of diversity between sows, decreased Bacteroidetes , Actinobacteria , Tenericutes and Spirochaetes during lactation as well as an increase in Lactobacillus . These findings suggest that dietary lysozyme supplementation from late gestation to lactation promote microbial changes, which would potentially be the mechanisms by which maternal metabolites and inflammatory status was altered after LZM supplementation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60131-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 2
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    Glucose activates the primordial follicle through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Clinical and Translational Medicine Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2020-07)
    Details
    In: Clinical and Translational Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2020-07)
    Abstract: We have previously found that the energy level in sows affects the activation of primordial follicles. Glucose is the primary metabolic substrate of dietary energy and its effect and mechanism of action with regards to the activation and development of primordial follicle remain unclear. Studies utilizing several different animal cells have shown that energy stress, induced by glucose starvation, activates AMPK and participates in a variety of cellular processes by regulating the Hippo and mTOR signaling pathways. However, whether glucose can affect primordial follicle activation through the above pathways has not been reported. Methods We developed an in vitro culture system for mouse ovaries to investigate the effects of glucose on the primordial follicle activation. Protein expression of AMPK‐Hippo‐YAP and AMPK‐mTOR pathway was investigated under glucose starvation and optimal glucose level treatment. Then, ovaries were treated with AICAR or Compound C in vitro to explore the effect of AMPK activation or inhibition on primordial follicle activation, and the changes of AMPK‐Hippo‐YAP and AMPK‐mTOR signaling pathways. Finally, investigated the signaling pathways affected by glucose potentially affecting the primordial follicle activation in vivo. Results The glucose was an essential nutrient for primordial follicle activation and we identified 25 mM glucose as the optimal level ( P   〈  .05) for the primordial follicle activation in vitro. The glycolysis pathway was involved in primordial follicle activation ( P   〈  .05) of ovaries cultured in vitro. The glucose affected the activation of primordial follicles in vitro through AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway by AMPK activation or inhibition treatment and follicle ratio count ( P   〈  .05). Moreover, glucose affected the primordial follicle activation of ovary in vivo via mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusions This study demonstrates that glucose affects the primordial follicle activation through the AMPK/mTOR rather than the AMPK/Hippo signaling pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2001-1326 , 2001-1326
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.v10.3
    DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.122
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2697013-2
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  • 3
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    Effects of dietary supplementation with lysozyme during late gestation and lactation stage on the performance of sows and their offspring1
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Animal Science ( 2018-08-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2018-08-28)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky338
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    Responses of Vaginal Microbiota to Dietary Supplementation with Lysozyme and its Relationship with Rectal Microbiota and Sow Performance from Late Gestation to Early Lactation
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Animals Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2021-02-24), p. 593-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2021-02-24), p. 593-
    Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lysozyme (LZM) supplementation on the vaginal microbiota, as well as the relationship between vaginal microbiota and the fecal microbiota of rectum and the reproductive performance of the sow. A total of 60 Yorkshire × Landrace sows (3–6 of parity) were arranged from day 85 of gestation to the end of lactation in a completely randomized design with three treatments (control diet, control diet + lysozyme 150 mg/kg, control diet + lysozyme 300 mg/kg). The results showed that sows fed with lysozyme increased serum interleukin-10 (IL-10, p 〈 0.05) on day 7 of lactation. The vaginal microbiota varied at different taxonomic levels with LZM supplementation by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The most representative changes included a decrease in Tenericutes, Streptococcus, Bacillus and increase in Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Enterococcus, and Lactobacillus (p 〈 0.05). There were 777 OTUs existing in both, vaginal and fecal microbiota. The addition of LZM also decreased the abundance of Tenericutes (p 〈 0.05) in the vagina and feces. The changes in the microbiota were correlated in some cases positively with the performance of the sow, for example, Bacillus in feces was positively correlated with the neonatal weight (p 〈 0.05). These results indicate that the addition of lysozyme to the diet of sow during perinatal period promote the change of vaginal bacterial community after farrowing. The variations in vaginal microbiota are also associated with the changes in the fecal microbiology of the rectum and the reproductive performance of the sow. Therefore, it is concluded that dietary supplementation with lysozyme in sows in late gestation stage until early lactation, is beneficial to establish vaginal microbiota that seems to promote maternal health and reproductive performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani11030593
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Image_1.tif
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Nutrition Vol. 9 ( 2022-5-10)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Nutrition, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-5-10)
    Abstract: Selenium (Se) is assumed to promote the follicle development by attenuating oxidative stress. The current study was developed to evaluate the effects of dietary 2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid (HMSeBA) supplementation on the follicle development in vivo and on the function of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) in vitro . Thirty-six gilts were randomly assigned to fed control diet (CON), Na 2 SeO 3 diet (0.3 mg Se/kg) or HMSeBA diet (0.3 mg Se/kg). The results showed that HMSeBA and Na 2 SeO 3 supplementation both increased the total selenium content in liver and serum compared with control, while HMSeBA increased the total selenium content in liver compared with Na 2 SeO 3 group. HMSeBA tended to increase the total selenium content in ovary compared with control. HMSeBA and Na 2 SeO 3 supplementation both increased the weight of uteri in gilts at the third estrus. Moreover, HMSeBA supplementation down-regulated the gene expression of growth differentiation factor-9 ( GDF-9 ) and bone morpho-genetic protein-15 ( BMP-15 ) in cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). HMSeBA supplementation decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum, liver and ovary, increased activity of T-AOC in liver, TXNRD in ovary and GPX in serum, liver and ovary, while up-regulated the liver GPX2, SOD1 and TXNRD1 , ovarian GPX1 gene expression. In vitro , HMSeBA treatment promoted GCs' proliferation and secretion of estradiol (E 2 ). HMSeBA treatment increased the activity of T-AOC, T-SOD, GPX, TXNRD and decreased MDA content in GCs in vitro . Meanwhile, HMSeBA treatment up-regulated SOD2 and GPX1 gene expression in GCs in vitro . In conclusion, HMSeBA supplementation is more conducive to promoting follicle development by antioxidant pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-861X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.900789
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.900789.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.900789.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2776676-7
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  • 6
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    Organic Selenium Increased Gilts Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Function, and Changed Intestinal Microbiota
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 12 ( 2021-8-16)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-8-16)
    Abstract: Selenium is an indispensable essential micronutrient for humans and animals, and it can affect biological functions by combining into selenoproteins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid (HMSeBA) on the antioxidant performance, immune function, and intestinal microbiota composition of gilts. From weaning to the 19th day after the second estrus, 36 gilts (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were assigned to three treatments: control group, sodium selenite group (0.3 mg Se/kg Na 2 SeO 3 ), and HMSeBA group (0.3 mg Se/kg HMSeBA). Dietary supplementation with HMSeBA improved the gilts tissue selenium content (except in the thymus) and selenoprotein P (SelP1) concentration when compared to the Na 2 SeO 3 or control group. Compared with the control group, the antioxidant enzyme activity in the tissues from gilts in the HMSeBA group was increased, and the concentration of malondialdehyde in the colon had a decreasing trend ( p = 0.07). Gilts in the HMSeBA supplemented group had upregulated gene expression of GPX2 , GPX4 , and SelX in spleen tissue, TrxR1 in thymus; GPX1 and SelX in duodenum, GPX3 and SEPHS2 in jejunum, and GPX1 in the ileum tissues ( p & lt; 0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, the expression of interleukin-1β ( IL-1β ), interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ), interleukin-8 ( IL-8 ), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) in the liver, spleen, thymus, duodenum, ileum, and jejunum of gilts in the HMSeBA group were downregulated ( p & lt; 0.05), while the expression of interleukin-10 ( IL-10 ) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF -β ) in the liver, thymus, jejunum, and ileum were upregulated ( p & lt; 0.05). Compared with the control group and the Na 2 SeO 3 group, HMSeBA had increased concentration of serum cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2) and immunoglobulin G (IgG; p & lt; 0.05), increased concentration of intestinal immunoglobulin A (sIgA; p & lt; 0.05), and decreased concentration of serum IL-6 ( p & lt; 0.05). Dietary supplementation with HMSeBA also increased the abundance of intestinal bacteria ( Ruminococcaceae and Phascolarctobacterium ; p & lt; 0.05) and selectively inhibited the abundance of some bacteria ( Parabacteroides and Prevotellaceae ; p & lt; 0.05). In short, HMSeBA improves the antioxidant performance and immune function of gilts, and changed the structure of the intestinal microflora. And this study provided data support for the application of HMSeBA in gilt and even pig production.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.723190
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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