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  • Crutzen, Paul J.  (2)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Photochemical coupling between the thermosphere and the lower atmosphere: 2. D region ion chemistry and the winter anomaly
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1982
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 87, No. C9 ( 1982-08-20), p. 7221-7227
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 87, No. C9 ( 1982-08-20), p. 7221-7227
    Abstract: The primary source of ionization in the D region is provided by photoionization of nitric oxide by Lyman alpha radiation. The observation of enhanced electron densities in winter at middle and high latitudes therefore has often been attributed to enhanced nitric oxide densities in this region. This phenomenon is often called winter anomaly or winter anomalous absorption. The problem has been studied by combining an ion chemical model with a two‐dimensional time‐dependent model of the neutral atmosphere. The model extends from the ground to the base of the lower thermosphere and includes nitric oxide transport from the thermosphere as well as auroral production. The calculated nitric oxide distribution exhibits substantial seasonal and latitudinal variations, which strongly influence the ion chemical composition and simulate the winter anomaly very well. Other aspects of coupling between neutral and ion chemistry are also explored.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC087iC09p07221
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1982
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Photochemical coupling between the thermosphere and the lower atmosphere: 1. Odd nitrogen from 50 to 120 km
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1982
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 87, No. C9 ( 1982-08-20), p. 7206-7220
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 87, No. C9 ( 1982-08-20), p. 7206-7220
    Abstract: A two‐dimensional photochemical model which treated the troposphere and stratosphere has been extended to include the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The model is described, and particular emphasis is placed on the transport and chemistry of nitric oxide. Large amounts of NO are produced in the lower thermosphere both by solar radiation during quiet times and through auroral ionization. Using reasonable descriptions of dynamical processes in the two‐dimensional model, substantial amounts of NO produced in the thermosphere can reach the stratosphere, particularly at high latitudes during polar winter. This process provides a coupling between the upper and lower atmosphere which may play a significant role in the photochemistry of odd nitrogen and odd oxygen in the stratosphere.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC087iC09p07206
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1982
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    SSG: 16,13
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    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
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