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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (4)
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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (4)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Association between body mass index and cortical thickness: among elderly cognitively normal men and women
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2015
    In:  International Psychogeriatrics Vol. 27, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 121-130
    Details
    In: International Psychogeriatrics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 27, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 121-130
    Kurzfassung: There is increasing evidence of a relationship between underweight or obesity and dementia risk. Several studies have investigated the relationship between body weight and brain atrophy, a pathological change preceding dementia, but their results are inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cortical atrophy among cognitively normal participants. Methods: We recruited cognitively normal participants ( n = 1,111) who underwent medical checkups and detailed neurologic screening, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the health screening visits between September 2008 and December 2011. The main outcome was cortical thickness measured using MRI. The number of subjects with five BMI groups in men/women was 9/9, 148/258, 185/128, 149/111, and 64/50 in underweight, normal, overweight, mild obesity, and moderate to severe obesity, respectively. Linear and non-linear relationships between BMI and cortical thickness were examined using multiple linear regression analysis and generalized additive models after adjustment for potential confounders. Results: Among men, underweight participants showed significant cortical thinning in the frontal and temporal regions compared to normal weight participants, while overweight and mildly obese participants had greater cortical thicknesses in the frontal region and the frontal, temporal, and occipital regions, respectively. However, cortical thickness in each brain region was not significantly different in normal weight and moderate to severe obesity groups. Among women, the association between BMI and cortical thickness was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that underweight might be an important risk factor for pathological changes in the brain, while overweight or mild obesity may be inversely associated with cortical atrophy in cognitively normal elderly males.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1041-6102 , 1741-203X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1041610214001744
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015
    ZDB Id: 2147136-8
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Underweight and mortality
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  Public Health Nutrition Vol. 19, No. 10 ( 2016-07), p. 1751-1756
    Details
    In: Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 19, No. 10 ( 2016-07), p. 1751-1756
    Kurzfassung: According to most prospective studies, being underweight (BMI 〈 18·5 kg/m 2 ) is associated with significantly higher mortality than being of normal weight, especially among smokers. We aimed to explore in a generally lean population whether being underweight is significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Korea Medical Insurance Corporation study with 14 years of follow-up. Subjects After excluding deaths within the first 5 years of follow-up (1993–1997) to minimize reverse causation and excluding participants without information about smoking and health status, 94 133 men and 48 496 women aged 35–59 years in 1990 were included. Results We documented 5411 (5·7 %) deaths in men and 762 (1·6 %) in women. Among never smokers, hazard ratios (HR) for underweight individuals were not significantly higher than those for normal-weight individuals (BMI=18·5–22·9 kg/m 2 ): HR=0·87 (95 % CI 0·41, 1·84, P =0·72) for underweight men and HR=1·12 (95 % CI 0·76, 1·65, P= 0·58) for underweight women. Among ex-smokers, HR=0·86 (95 % CI 0·38, 1·93, P= 0·72) for underweight men and HR=3·77 (95 % CI 0·42, 32·29, P= 0·24) for underweight women. Among current smokers, HR=1·60 (95 % CI 1·28, 2·01, P 〈 0·001) for underweight men and HR=2·07 (95 % CI 0·43, 9·94, P= 0·36) for underweight women. Conclusions The present study does not support that being underweight per se is associated with increased all-cause mortality in Korean men and women.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1368-9800 , 1475-2727
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S136898001500302X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2016
    ZDB Id: 2016337-X
    SSG: 21
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Higher education affects accelerated cortical thinning in Alzheimer's disease: a 5-year preliminary longitudinal study
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2015
    In:  International Psychogeriatrics Vol. 27, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 111-120
    Details
    In: International Psychogeriatrics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 27, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 111-120
    Kurzfassung: Epidemiological studies have reported that higher education (HE) is associated with a reduced risk of incident Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, after the clinical onset of AD, patients with HE levels show more rapid cognitive decline than patients with lower education (LE) levels. Although education level and cognition have been linked, there have been few longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between education level and cortical decline in patients with AD. The aim of this study was to compare the topography of cortical atrophy longitudinally between AD patients with HE (HE-AD) and AD patients with LE (LE-AD). Methods: We prospectively recruited 36 patients with early-stage AD and 14 normal controls. The patients were classified into two groups according to educational level, 23 HE-AD ( 〉 9 years) and 13 LE-AD (≤9 years). Results: As AD progressed over the 5-year longitudinal follow-ups, the HE-AD showed a significant group-by-time interaction in the right dorsolateral frontal and precuneus, and the left parahippocampal regions compared to the LE-AD. Conclusion: Our study reveals that the preliminary longitudinal effect of HE accelerates cortical atrophy in AD patients over time, which underlines the importance of education level for predicting prognosis.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1041-6102 , 1741-203X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1041610214001483
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015
    ZDB Id: 2147136-8
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    An improved multipurpose field robot for installing construction materials
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2010
    In:  Robotica Vol. 28, No. 7 ( 2010-12), p. 945-957
    Details
    In: Robotica, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 28, No. 7 ( 2010-12), p. 945-957
    Kurzfassung: Recently, there has been a lot of interest concerning remote-controlled robot manipulation in hazardous environments including construction sites, national defense areas, and disaster areas. However, there are problems involving the method of remote control in unstructured work environments such as construction sites. In a previous study, to address these problems, a multipurpose field robot (MFR) system was described. Though the case studies on construction, to which “MFR for installing construction materials” was applied, however, we found some factors to be improved. In this paper, we introduce a prototype of improved multipurpose field robot (IMFR) for construction work. This prototype robot helps a human operator easily install construction materials in remote sites through an upgraded additional module. This module consists of a force feedback joystick and a monitoring device. The human–robot interaction and bilateral communication for strategic control is also described. To evaluate the proposed IMFR, the installation of construction materials was simulated. We simulated the process of installing construction materials, in this case a glass panel. The IMFR was expected to do more accurate work, safely, at construction sites as well as at environmentally hazardous areas that are difficult for humans to approach.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0263-5747 , 1469-8668
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0263574710000573
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010
    ZDB Id: 2002662-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
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