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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The impact of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation on patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of the Chinese Medical Association Vol. 84, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. 1078-1083
    Details
    In: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 84, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. 1078-1083
    Abstract: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the leading causes of death around the world. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an independent factor to improve OHCA survival. However, the prevalence of bystander CPR remains low worldwide. Community interventions such as mandatory school CPR training or targeting CPR training to family members of high-risk cardiac patients are possible strategies to improve bystander CPR rate. Real-time feedback, hands-on practice with a manikin, and metronome assistance may increase the quality of CPR. Dispatcher-assistance and compression-only CPR for untrained bystanders have shown to increase bystander CPR rate and increase survival to hospital discharge. After return of spontaneous circulation, targeted temperature management should be performed to improve neurological function. This review focuses on the impact of bystander CPR on clinical outcomes and strategies to optimize the prevalence and quality of bystander CPR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4901
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000630
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2202774-9
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  • 2
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    RNA Modifications and Epigenetics in Modulation of Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Diseases
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 19 ( 2021-09-30), p. 10592-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 19 ( 2021-09-30), p. 10592-
    Abstract: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and its tumorigenesis involves the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic events in the respiratory epithelium. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, RNA modification, and histone modifications, have been widely reported to play an important role in lung cancer development and in other pulmonary diseases. Whereas the functionality of DNA and chromatin modifications referred to as epigenetics is widely characterized, various modifications of RNA nucleotides have recently come into prominence as functionally important. N6-methyladosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification in mRNAs, and its machinery of writers, erasers, and readers is well-characterized. However, several other nucleotide modifications of mRNAs and various noncoding RNAs have also been shown to play an important role in the regulation of biological processes and pathology. Such epitranscriptomic modifications play an important role in regulating various aspects of RNA metabolism, including transcription, translation, splicing, and stability. The dysregulation of epitranscriptomic machinery has been implicated in the pathological processes associated with carcinogenesis including uncontrolled cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In recent years, with the advancement of RNA sequencing technology, high-resolution maps of different modifications in various tissues, organs, or disease models are being constantly reported at a dramatic speed. This facilitates further understanding of the relationship between disease development and epitranscriptomics, shedding light on new therapeutic possibilities. In this review, we summarize the basic information on RNA modifications, including m6A, m1A, m5C, m7G, pseudouridine, and A-to-I editing. We then demonstrate their relation to different kinds of lung diseases, especially lung cancer. By comparing the different roles RNA modifications play in the development processes of different diseases, this review may provide some new insights and offer a better understanding of RNA epigenetics and its involvement in pulmonary diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910592
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Strategic Decoy Peptides Interfere with MSI1/AGO2 Interaction to Elicit Tumor Suppression Effects
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cancers Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2022-01-20), p. 505-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2022-01-20), p. 505-
    Abstract: Peptide drugs that target protein–protein interactions have attracted mounting research efforts towards clinical developments over the past decades. Increasing reports have indicated that expression of Musashi 1 (MSI1) is tightly correlated to high grade of cancers as well as enrichment of cancer stem cells. Treatment failure in malignant tumors glioblastoma multiform (GBM) had also been correlated to CSC-regulating properties of MSI1. It is thus imperative to develop new therapeutics that could effectively improve current regimens used in clinics. MSI1 and AGO2 are two emerging oncogenic molecules that both contribute to GBM tumorigenesis through mRNA regulation of targets involved in apoptosis and cell cycle. In this study, we designed peptide arrays covering the C-terminus of MSI1 and identified two peptides (Pep#11 and Pep#26) that could specifically interfere with the binding with AGO2. Our Biacore analyses ascertained binding between the identified peptides and AGO2. Recombinant reporter system Gaussian luciferase and fluorescent bioconjugate techniques were employed to determine biological functions and pharmacokinetic characteristics of these two peptides. Our data suggested that Pep#11 and Pep#26 could function as decoy peptides by mimicking the interaction function of MSI1 with its binding partner AGO2 in vitro and in vivo. Further experiments using GMB animal models corroborated the ability of Pep#11 and Pep#26 in disrupting MSI1/AGO2 interaction and consequently anti-tumorigenicity and prolonged survival rates. These striking therapeutic efficacies orchestrated by the synthetic peptides were attributed to the decoy function to C-terminal MSI1, especially in malignant brain tumors and glioblastoma.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030505
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 4
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    Immunotherapy orchestrates radiotherapy in composing abscopal effects: A strategic review in metastatic head and neck cancer
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the Chinese Medical Association Vol. 83, No. 2 ( 2020-02), p. 113-116
    Details
    In: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 83, No. 2 ( 2020-02), p. 113-116
    Abstract: The treatment of metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with a combination of radiotherapy (RT) and immunotherapy can augment treatment response and symptomatic relief. Combination therapy can also trigger a non-targeted tumor control event called the abscopal effect. This effect can be demonstrated by treatment with anti-programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 antibodies in combination with hypofractionated RT. Individual studies and clinical trials have revealed that combination radio-immunotherapy improves overall treatment response by successful initiation of the abscopal effect, which extends the treatment effects to non-targeted lesions. Growing attention to the abscopal effect may inspire innovations in current RT toward more effective and less toxic radiobiological treatment modalities for advanced HNSCC. We review the latest findings on the abscopal effect with emphases on therapeutic modalities and potential applications for treating metastatic HNSCC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4901
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000234
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2202774-9
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  • 5
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    Enhancing induced pluripotent stem cell toward differentiation into functional cardiomyocytes
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the Chinese Medical Association Vol. 83, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 657-660
    Details
    In: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 83, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 657-660
    Abstract: Heart diseases, especially myocardial ischemia, remain one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and usually result in irreparable cardiomyocyte damage and severe heart failure. Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies for applied regenerative medicine and stem cell research, especially for iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes have increased the hope for heart repair. However, the driver molecules of myocardial differentiation and the functional reconstruction capacity of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes are still questionable. Methods: Herein, we established a rapid differentiated platform that is involved in cardiomyogenic differentiation and maturation from iPSCs in vitro. Functional analysis is performed in miR-181a-transfected iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte (iPSC-cardio/miR-181a) under a time-lapse microscope. In addition, we calculated the beating area and frequency of iPSC-cardio/miR-181a cells in the presence of HCN4 shRNA or miR-181a SPONGE. Results: miR-181a enhanced the beating area and maintained the beating frequency of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes by enhancing HCN4 expression. Conclusion: miR-181a would play a key role on maintaining proper beating function in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4901
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000301
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2202774-9
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  • 6
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    MSI1 associates glioblastoma radioresistance via homologous recombination repair, tumor invasion and cancer stem-like cell properties
    Elsevier BV ; 2018
    In:  Radiotherapy and Oncology Vol. 129, No. 2 ( 2018-11), p. 352-363
    Details
    In: Radiotherapy and Oncology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 129, No. 2 ( 2018-11), p. 352-363
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0167-8140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.09.014
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500707-8
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  • 7
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    Use of radiographic features in COVID-19 diagnosis: Challenges and perspectives
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the Chinese Medical Association Vol. 83, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 644-647
    Details
    In: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 83, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 644-647
    Abstract: The rapid surge and wide spread of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) overshadows the entire medical industries worldwide. The stringent medical resources hinder the diagnostic capacity globally, while 84 000 of new cases confirmed within a single day of April 14, 2020. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with is the current first-line diagnosis, but the false-negative rate remains concerned. Radiographic technologies and tools, including computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray, were applied for initial screening and follow-up, from which the tools provide detail diagnosis with specific pathologic features for staging and treatment arrangement. Although the radiographic imaging is found less sensitive, numerous CT-positive patients were not screened out by RT-PCR initially and later confirmed as COVID-19 positive. Besides, the shortage of sampling kits and the longer turn-over time of PCR examinations in some areas were noticed due to logistic issues and healthcare burden. In this review, we will discuss the challenges and the future perspectives of using radiographic modalities for COVID-19 diagnosis in view of securing human lives amid the crisis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4901
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000336
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
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    Current Genetic Survey and Potential Gene-Targeting Therapeutics for Neuromuscular Diseases
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 21, No. 24 ( 2020-12-16), p. 9589-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 24 ( 2020-12-16), p. 9589-
    Abstract: Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) belong to a class of functional impairments that cause dysfunctions of the motor neuron-muscle functional axis components. Inherited monogenic neuromuscular disorders encompass both muscular dystrophies and motor neuron diseases. Understanding of their causative genetic defects and pathological genetic mechanisms has led to the unprecedented clinical translation of genetic therapies. Challenged by a broad range of gene defect types, researchers have developed different approaches to tackle mutations by hijacking the cellular gene expression machinery to minimize the mutational damage and produce the functional target proteins. Such manipulations may be directed to any point of the gene expression axis, such as classical gene augmentation, modulating premature termination codon ribosomal bypass, splicing modification of pre-mRNA, etc. With the soar of the CRISPR-based gene editing systems, researchers now gravitate toward genome surgery in tackling NMDs by directly correcting the mutational defects at the genome level and expanding the scope of targetable NMDs. In this article, we will review the current development of gene therapy and focus on NMDs that are available in published reports, including Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), and Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy Type 2C (LGMD2C).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249589
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Cardiovascular manifestation and treatment in COVID-19
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the Chinese Medical Association Vol. 83, No. 8 ( 2020-08), p. 704-709
    Details
    In: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 83, No. 8 ( 2020-08), p. 704-709
    Abstract: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with first presentation of atypical pneumonia, has spread rapidly from Wuhan, China, on December 12, 2019 to over 200 countries, caused 2 310 572 infected individuals and 158 691 mortalities, updated on April 19, 2020. Many studies have published timely to help global healthcare workers to understand and control the disease. Vulnerable patients with risk factors such as elderly, cardiovascular diseases (eg, hypertension, coronary disease, or cardiomyopathy), diabetes, and chronic kidney disease have worse outcomes after COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 could directly cause cardiovascular injuries such as pericarditis, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, or thromboembolic events, which urge cardiologists to be involved in the frontline to practice. Here, we provide a review of COVID-19 on cardiovascular system to assist clinical cardiologists to better understand the disease and being capable of providing comprehensive medical support.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4901
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000352
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2202774-9
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  • 10
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    Dual DNA Transfection Using 1,6-Hexanedithiol-Conjugated Maleimide-Functionalized PU-PEI600 For Gene Correction in a Patient iPSC-Derived Fabry Cardiomyopathy Model
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Vol. 9 ( 2021-8-4)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2021-8-4)
    Abstract: Non-viral gene delivery holds promises for treating inherited diseases. However, the limited cloning capacity of plasmids may hinder the co-delivery of distinct genes to the transfected cells. Previously, the conjugation of maleimide-functionalized polyurethane grafted with small molecular weight polyethylenimine (PU-PEI 600 -Mal) using 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) could promote the co-delivery and extensive co-expression of two different plasmids in target cells. Herein, we designed HDT-conjugated PU-PEI 600 -Mal for the simultaneous delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components to achieve efficient gene correction in the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived model of Fabry cardiomyopathy (FC) harboring GLA IVS4 + 919 G & gt; A mutation. This FC in vitro model recapitulated several clinical FC features, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and lysosomal globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) deposition. As evidenced by the expression of two reporter genes, GFP and mCherry, the addition of HDT conjugated two distinct PU-PEI 600 -Mal/DNA complexes and promoted the co-delivery of sgRNA/Cas9 and homology-directed repair DNA template into target cells to achieve an effective gene correction of IVS4 + 919 G & gt; A mutation. PU-PEI 600 -Mal/DNA with or without HDT-mediated conjugation consistently showed neither the cytotoxicity nor an adverse effect on cardiac induction of transfected FC-iPSCs. After the gene correction and cardiac induction, disease features, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the mis-regulated gene expressions, and Gb3 deposition, were remarkably rescued in the FC-iPSC-differentiated cardiomyocytes. Collectively, HDT-conjugated PU-PEI 600 -Mal-mediated dual DNA transfection system can be an ideal approach to improve the concurrent transfection of non-viral-based gene editing system in inherited diseases with specific mutations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-634X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.634190
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2737824-X
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