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  • Chen, Xu  (6)
  • Khan, Muhammad Zahoor  (6)
  • 2020-2024  (6)
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  • 2020-2024  (6)
Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis of Nutrient Composition, Rumen Degradation Characteristics, and Feeding Value of Chinese Rye Grass, Barley Grass, and Naked Oat Straw
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Animals Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-08-24), p. 2486-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-08-24), p. 2486-
    Abstract: The current study was designed to investigate the chemical composition, rumen degradation characteristics, and feeding value of three roughages commonly used in Asia as ruminant feed, including Chinese rye grass (CRG), barley grass (BG), and naked oat straw (NO). Four Holstein Friesian cows equipped with permanent rumen fistulas were chosen for experimental trials in the current study. The nylon bag method was carried out to measure the crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Our analysis revealed that the contents of CP in the CRG (9.0%) and BG (8.9%) were higher than in the NO (5.94%). The contents of NDF in the CRG (64.97%) and NO (63.83%) were lower than in the BG (67.33%), and the content of ADF in the CRG (37.03%) was lower than in the BG (37.93%) and NO (38.28%). The ED values of DM in the NO and CRG were significantly higher (p 〈 0.001) than in the BG. The effective degradability (ED) values of NDF were the highest in the CRG and lowest in the NO (p 〈 0.001). In addition, the ED values of ADF were the highest in the CRG and lowest in the BG (p 〈 0.001). The ED value of CP in the CRG was significantly higher than that in the BG and NO (p 〈 0.001). The estimated total digestible nutrients (TDN) (54.56%) and DM degradation rate (DDM) (60.06%) of the CRG were higher than those of BG and NO. In addition, the expected DM intake (DMI), estimated relative feed value (RFV), and estimated relative feed quality (RFQ) of the BG were lower than those of the CRG and NO. Altogether, based on our findings, we concluded that the nutritional quality, feeding value and effective rumen degradation rate of CRG were better than of BG and NO.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani11092486
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_2.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-13)
    Abstract: A novel pre-treatment using corn steep liquor (CSL) and urea was developed to enhance the enzymatic saccharification and degradability of rice straw (RS). We used RS (1) without (Con) or with additives of (2) 5% urea (U), (3) 9% CSL and 2.5% urea (CU), and (4) 9% CSL and 5% urea (C5U). The result showed that the water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) conversion of RS reached 69.32% after C5U pre-treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) confirmed that the surface of pre-treated RS exposed more cellulose and hemicellulose due to the disruption of the resistant structure of lignocellulose. Pre-treated RS significantly decreased neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents and increased crude protein (CP) content, microbial colonization, and induction of Carnobacterium and Staphylococcus attachment. Altogether, we concluded that pre-treatment of a combination of CSL and urea has the potential to improve the nutritive value of RS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.916195
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.916195.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.916195.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-14)
    Abstract: In this study, we evaluated the effect of microecological agents (MA) combined with molasses (M) on the biodegradation of rice straw in the rumen. Rice straw was pretreated in laboratory polyethylene 25 × 35 cm sterile bags with no additive control (Con), MA, and MA + M for 7, 15, 30, and 45 days, and then the efficacy of MA + M pretreatment was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo . The scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results showed that the MA or MA + M pretreatment altered the physical and chemical structure of rice straw. Meanwhile, the ruminal microbial attachment on the surface of rice straw was significantly increased after MA+M pretreatment. Furthermore, MA + M not only promoted rice straw fermentation in vitro but also improved digestibility by specifically inducing rumen colonization of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Butyrivibrio , and Succinimonas . Altogether, we concluded that microecological agents and molasses could be the best choices as a biological pretreatment for rice straw to enhance its nutritive value as a ruminant's feed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.948049
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.948049.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Markers Associated with Milk Production Traits in Dairy Cattle
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Agriculture Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2021-10-18), p. 1018-
    Details
    In: Agriculture, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2021-10-18), p. 1018-
    Abstract: Increasing milk production is one of the key concerns in animal production. Traditional breeding has gotten limited achievement in the improvement of milk production because of its moderate heritability. Milk production traits are controlled by many genes. Thus, identifying candidate genes associated with milk production traits may provide information that can be used to enhance the accuracy of animal selection for moderately heritable traits like milk production. The genomic selection can enhance the accuracy and intensity of selection and shortening the generation interval. The genetic progress of economically important traits can be doubled with the accuracy of selection and shortening of generation interval. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have made possible the screening of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes associated with milk production traits in dairy cattle. In addition, RNA-sequencing is another well-established tool used to identify genes associated with milk production in dairy cattle. Although it has been widely accepted that these three methods (GWAS, RNA-seq and DNA sequencing) are considered the first step in the screening of genes, however, the outcomes from GWAS, DNA-sequencing and RNA-seq still need further verification for the establishment of bonafide causal variants via genetic replication as well as functional validation. In the current review, we have highlighted genetic markers identified (2010-to date) for their associations with milk production traits in dairy cattle. The information regarding candidate genes associated with milk production traits provided in the current review could be helpful to select the potential genetic markers for the genetic improvement of milk production traits in dairy cattle.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agriculture11101018
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651678-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Combination of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Molasses Improves Fermentation Quality, Chemical Composition, Physicochemical Structure, in vitro Degradability and Rumen Microbiota Colonization of Rice Straw
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Veterinary Science Vol. 9 ( 2022-6-8)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-6-8)
    Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and LAB-molasses (LAB + M) combination on the fermentation quality, chemical composition, physicochemical properties, in vitro degradability of rice straw and the characteristics of rumen microbial colonization on rice straw surface. Methods and Results There were three pretreatments, including control (not treated, Con), treated with LAB, or LAB + M. The results showed that both LAB and LAB + M treatments altered the physical and chemical structures of rice straw and were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. Moreover, both LAB and LAB + M pretreated rice straw increased the crude protein (CP) content, dry matter (DM) recovery, and in vitro digestibility and decreased the pH value, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents. The LAB + M pretreated rice straw increased the gas production (GP72) and rumen microbial colonization on the rice straw surface. Conclusions It is observed that LAB + M treatment could increase digestibility and the rumen microbial colonization on the rice straw surface. Therefore, LAB + M treatment can provide an alternative strategy to improve the quality of rice straw. Significance and impact of the study: This study provides an optimal pretreatment to improve the rice straw digestibility and rumen microbial colonization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-1769
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.900764
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2834243-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Overview of Waste Milk Feeding Effect on Growth Performance, Metabolism, Antioxidant Status and Immunity of Dairy Calves
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Veterinary Science Vol. 9 ( 2022-5-17)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-5-17)
    Abstract: Waste milk (WM) is a part of the milk produced on dairy farms, which is usually unsuitable for human consumption. The WM contains transition milk, mastitis milk, colostrum, milk with somatic cells, blood ( Hemolactia ) , harmful pathogens, pathogenic and antibiotic residues. Due to the high cost of milk replacer (MR), dairy farmers prefer raw WM to feed their calves. It has been well established that WM has a greater nutritive value than MR. Hence WM can contribute to improved growth, rumen development, and immune-associated parameters when fed to dairy calves. However, feeding raw WM before weaning has continuously raised some critical concerns. The pathogenic load and antibiotic residues in raw WM may increase the risk of diseases and antibacterial resistance in calves. Thus, pasteurization has been recommended as an effective method to decrease the risk of diseases in calves by killing/inhibiting the pathogenic microorganisms in the raw WM. Altogether, the current review provides a brief overview of the interplay between the positive role of raw WM in the overall performance of dairy calves, limitations of raw WM as a feed source and how to overcome these issues arising from feeding raw WM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-1769
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.898295
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2834243-4
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