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  • 1
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    Significant association between blood lead (Pb) level and haemoglobin A1c in non-diabetic population
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Diabetes & Metabolism Vol. 47, No. 5 ( 2021-09), p. 101233-
    Details
    In: Diabetes & Metabolism, Elsevier BV, Vol. 47, No. 5 ( 2021-09), p. 101233-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1262-3636
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101233
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049824-X
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  • 2
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    Aortic Root Dilatation Is Attenuated with Diabetes but Is Not Associated with Renal Progression in Chronic Kidney Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2021-09-28), p. 972-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2021-09-28), p. 972-
    Abstract: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often have cardiac functional and structural abnormalities which can lead to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. In this study, we investigated associations between diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiac functional and structural parameters in patients with CKD focusing on aortic root diameter (ARD). We also investigated associations of renal outcomes with DM and cardiac functional and structural characteristics. We enrolled 419 patients with CKD stage 3–5 were enrolled. ARD was normalized to body surface area (BSA) (ARD/BSA), and the rate of decline in renal function was assessed by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope (mL/min/1.73 m2/year). ARD/BSA ≥2.1 cm/m2 in men or ≥2.2 cm/m2 in women was defined as indicating aortic root dilatation. The patients with DM had lower ARD/BSA, higher left atrial dimension (LAD), lower left ventricular ejection fraction, lower ratio of peak early transmitral filling wave velocity to peak late transmitral filling wave velocity, and higher left ventricular relative wall thickness, than those without DM. After multivariable analysis, DM (vs. non-DM; coefficient β, −0.060; p = 0.018) was significantly associated with low ARD/BSA. Significantly fewer patients with DM had aortic root dilatation compared to those without DM (14.3% vs. 23.1%, p = 0.022). In the patients with DM, there were significant associations between a high left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (per 1 g/m2, β, −0.016; p = 0.040) and high LAD (per 1 cm; β, −1.965; p 〈 0.001) with a low eGFR slope. However, other parameters, including ARD/BSA, were not associated with eGFR slope. Furthermore, there were no associations between eGFR slope and any of the echocardiographic parameters in the patients without DM. Aortic root dilatation was attenuated in the patients with DM, but it was not associated with a decline in renal function. However, high LAD and LVMI were associated with rapid renal function decline in the CKD patients with DM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100972
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
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    Association of Heavy Metals with Overall Mortality in a Taiwanese Population
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2021-06-17), p. 2070-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2021-06-17), p. 2070-
    Abstract: Previous studies have shown links between heavy metals and many health issues. However, data on the association between heavy metals and mortality in the general population are still limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between heavy metals and overall mortality in the general population. We enrolled 2497 participants (1001 males and 1496 females) living in southern Taiwan, and measured levels of seven heavy metals: lead (Pb) in blood and cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn) and arsenic (As) in urine. The median follow-up period was 41.8 (4–50) months, during which 40 (1.6%) patients died. Compared to the participants who survived, those who died had higher urine Cd, higher urine Cu and lower urine Mn levels. Multivariate analysis showed that high urine Cd (per 1 μg/L; hazard ratio [HR], 1.352; 95% confidence interval [CI] , 1.089–1.680; p = 0.006), high urine Cu (per 1 μg/dL; HR, 1.350; 95% CI, 1.151–1.583; p 〈 0.001), and low urine Mn (per 1 μg/L; HR, 0.717; 95% CI, 0.557–0.923; p = 0.010) were associated with increased overall mortality. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that high levels of urine Cd and Cu and low urine Mn level were associated with increased overall mortality in the general population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13062070
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 4
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    Dyslipidemia Increases the Risk of Incident Hypertension in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2022-08-10), p. 3277-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2022-08-10), p. 3277-
    Abstract: Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for hypertension and is strongly associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and stroke. In this study, we investigated correlations between lipid profiles, including triglycerides, total cholesterol (Chol), high-and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C/LDL-C), and Chol/HDL-C, and baseline and incident hypertension. A total of 26,965 subjects with 4 years of follow-up data were enrolled from the Taiwan Biobank. In the cross-sectional cohort, associations between the prevalence of hypertension and lipid profiles were examined in all study participants (n = 26,965). In the longitudinal cohort, these associations were further assessed in the participants without baseline hypertension (n = 21,454). Multivariable analysis revealed that those in the second quartile (Q2) of triglycerides (compared to Q1; odds ratio (OR), 1.402; p 〈 0.001); Q3 of triglycerides (compared to Q1; OR, 1.365; p 〈 0.001); Q4 of triglycerides (compared to Q1; OR, 1.617; p 〈 0.001); Q3 of HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 0.886; p = 0.042); Q4 of HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 0.819; p = 0.002); Q2 of Chol/HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 1.144; p = 0.042); Q3 of Chol/HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 1.149; p = 0.034); and Q4 of Chol/HDL-C (compared to Q1; OR, 1.225; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with incident hypertension. In summary, high Chol/HDL-C, low HDL-C, and high triglycerides were associated with a higher risk of incident hypertension in the enrolled Taiwanese participants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14163277
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
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    Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Are Associated with New-Onset Hyperuricemia in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2023-02-21), p. 1083-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2023-02-21), p. 1083-
    Abstract: The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia remains high in Taiwan, at 21.6% in men and 9.57% in women. Both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hyperuricemia can cause many complications; however, few studies have evaluated the correlation between MetS and hyperuricemia. Therefore, in this observational cohort study, we explored associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and new-onset hyperuricemia. Of 27,033 individuals in the Taiwan Biobank who had complete follow-up data, we excluded those with hyperuricemia at baseline (n = 4871), those with gout at baseline (n = 1043), those with no data on baseline uric acid (n = 18), and those with no data on follow-up uric acid (n = 71). The remaining 21,030 participants (mean age 50.8 ± 10.3 years) were enrolled. We found a significant association between new-onset hyperuricemia with MetS and the components of MetS (hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hyperglycemia, and high blood pressure). Furthermore, compared to those without any MetS components, those with one MetS component (OR = 1.816), two MetS components (OR = 2.727), three MetS components (OR = 3.208), four MetS components (OR = 4.256), and five MetS components (OR = 5.282) were significantly associated with new-onset hyperuricemia (all p 〈 0.001). MetS and its five components were associated with new-onset hyperuricemia in the enrolled participants. Further, an increase in the number of MetS components was associated with an increase in the incidence rate of new-onset hyperuricemia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu15051083
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
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    Low Obesity-Related Indices Are Associated with a Low Baseline Calcaneus Ultrasound T-Score, and a Rapid Decline in T-Score in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2023-01-24), p. 605-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2023-01-24), p. 605-
    Abstract: Osteoporosis results in reduced bone strength and an elevated risk of fractures. Both overweight and underweight have been associated with osteoporosis; however, few studies have examined associations between osteoporosis and indices related to obesity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations of obesity-related indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and visceral adiposity index (VAI), with baseline and change in calcaneus ultrasound T-score between baseline and follow-up (ΔT-score). T-score was measured using ultrasound. A total of 26,983 subjects were enrolled (mean age 51.2 ± 10.4 years). Multivariable analysis showed significant associations between low BMI (per 1 kg/m2; β, 0.065), WHR (per 1%; β, 0.012), WHtR (per 1%; β, 0.024), BRI (per 1; β, 0.079), BAI (per 1; β, 0.032), AVI (per 1; β, 0.049), and LAP (per 1; β, 0.005) with low baseline T-scores (all p 〈 0.001). Furthermore, there were significant associations between low BMI (per 1 kg/m2; β, 0.005; p = 0.036), BAI (per 1; β, 0.010; p 〈 0.001), and VAI (per 1; β, 0.017; p = 0.002) with low ΔT-scores. A low baseline T-score was significantly associated with low values of LAP, AVI, BAI, BMI, BRI, WHR, and WHtR but not VAI. In addition, low BMI, BAI, and VAI were significantly associated with low ΔT-scores, representing a rapidly decreasing T-score. Consequently, avoiding being underweight may help prevent osteoporosis in the Taiwanese population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu15030605
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
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    Prognostic Factors of New-Onset Hypertension in New and Traditional Hypertension Definition in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-up Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 24 ( 2022-12-09), p. 16525-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 24 ( 2022-12-09), p. 16525-
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of new-onset hypertension when the definition of hypertension is changed from the traditional definition (140/90 mmHg) to a new definition (130/80 mmHg). Using data from the Taiwan Biobank, a total of 17,072 and 21,293 participants in the new and traditional definition groups were analyzed, respectively. During a mean follow-up period of 3.9 years, 3641 and 3002 participants developed hypertension in the new and traditional definition groups, respectively. After multivariable analysis, older age (OR, 1.035; 95% CI, 1.030 to 1.039; p 〈 0.001), male sex (OR, 1.332; 95% CI, 1.194 to 1.486; p 〈 0.001), high systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR, 1.067; 95% CI, 1.062 to 1.073; p 〈 0.001), high diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR, 1.048; 95% CI, 1.040 to 1.056; p 〈 0.001), high heart rate (OR, 1.007; 95% CI, 1.002 to 1.012; p = 0.004), high body mass index (BMI) (OR, 1.091; 95% CI, 1.077 to 1.106; p 〈 0.001), high fasting glucose (OR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.006; p = 0.002), and high triglycerides (OR, 1.001; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.001; p = 0.004) were significantly associated with new-onset hypertension in the new definition group. In the traditional definition group, the predictors of new-onset hypertension were older age (OR, 1.038; 95% CI, 1.032 to 1.043; p 〈 0.001), high SBP (OR, 1.078; 95% CI, 1.072 to 1.084; p 〈 0.001), high DBP (OR, 1.039; 95% CI, 1.031 to 1.046; p 〈 0.001), high heart rate (OR, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.010; p = 0.032), high BMI (OR, 1.072; 95% CI, 1.058 to 1.087; p 〈 0.001), high fasting glucose (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.005; p = 0.020), low cholesterol (OR, 0.998; 95% CI, 0.997 to 0.999; p = 0.004), high triglycerides (OR, 1.001; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.001; p = 0.001), and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (OR, 0.995; 95% CI, 0.993 to 0.997; p 〈 0.001). In conclusion, older age, high SBP and DBP, high heart rate, high BMI, high fasting glucose, and high triglycerides were useful predictors of new-onset hypertension in both the new and traditional definition groups. However, male sex was a significant predictor of new-onset hypertension only in the new definition group, and low cholesterol and low eGFR were significant predictors of new-onset hypertension only in the traditional definition group. Hence, changing the diagnostic cut-off value for hypertension may have a significant impact on the association of some clinical and laboratory parameters with new-onset hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416525
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
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    Liver-function parameters are associated with incident hypertension in a large Taiwanese population follow-up study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Human Hypertension Vol. 37, No. 6 ( 2022-05-26), p. 496-501
    Details
    In: Journal of Human Hypertension, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 37, No. 6 ( 2022-05-26), p. 496-501
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1476-5527
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00694-w
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006792-6
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  • 9
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    Low Albumin, Low Bilirubin, and High Alfa-Fetoprotein Are Associated with a Rapid Renal Function Decline in a Large Population Follow-Up Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2021-08-11), p. 781-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2021-08-11), p. 781-
    Abstract: A rapid decline in renal function is associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and therefore it is important to identify those at high-risk of rapid renal function decline. The relationship between liver function and renal function is unclear. Therefore, in this longitudinal study, we aimed to investigate associations between liver function and rapid renal function decline. A total of 27,116 participants were enrolled from the Taiwan Biobank and followed for 3.8 years. A rapid decline in renal function was defined as a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of ≥25%. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associations between liver function parameters (glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, albumin, α-fetoprotein [AFP], total bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) and eGFR decline ≥ 25%. The rate of eGFR decline of ≥25% was 4.7%. Multivariable analysis showed that low albumin (odds ratio [OR] , 0.173; p 〈 0.001), high AFP (OR, 1.006; p = 0.010), and low total bilirubin (OR, 0.588; p 〈 0.001) were significantly associated with eGFR decline ≥ 25% in all study participants. After excluding abnormal liver function, low albumin (OR, 0.189; p 〈 0.001), high AFP (OR, 1.007; p = 0.011), and low total bilirubin (OR, 0.569; p = 0.001) were still significantly associated with an eGFR decline of ≥25%. The results of this large population-based cohort study showed associations between low albumin, low bilirubin, and high AFP with a rapid renal function decline. A greater understanding of potential risk factors for a rapid decline in renal function may help to reduce the burden of renal failure in this high-risk population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080781
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 10
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    Aortic Arch Calcification and Cardiomegaly Are Associated with Overall and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2021-07-13), p. 657-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2021-07-13), p. 657-
    Abstract: Patients with end-stage renal disease have a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this study, we investigated the predictive ability of a combination of cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) and aortic arch calcification (AoAC) for overall and cardiovascular mortality in patients receiving hemodialysis. We also evaluated the predictive power of AoAC and CTR for clinical outcomes. A total of 365 maintenance hemodialysis patients were included, and AoAC and CTR were measured using chest radiography at enrollment. We stratified the patients into four groups according to a median AoAC score of three and CTR of 50%. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to identify the risk factors of mortality. The predictive performance of the model for clinical outcomes was assessed using the χ2 test. Multivariable analysis showed that, compared to the AoAC 〈 3 and CTR 〈 50% group, the AoAC ≥ 3 and CTR 〈 50% group (hazard ratio [HR], 4.576; p 〈 0.001), and AoAC ≥ 3 and CTR ≥ 50% group (HR, 5.912; p 〈 0.001) were significantly associated with increased overall mortality. In addition, the AoAC 〈 3 and CTR ≥ 50% (HR, 3.806; p = 0.017), AoAC ≥ 3 and CTR 〈 50% (HR, 4.993; p = 0.002), and AoAC ≥ 3 and CTR ≥ 50% (HR, 8.614; p 〈 0.001) groups were significantly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Furthermore, adding AoAC and CTR to the basic model improved the predictive ability for overall and cardiovascular mortality. The patients who had a high AoAC score and cardiomegaly had the highest overall and cardiovascular mortality among the four groups. Furthermore, adding AoAC and CTR improved the predictive ability for overall and cardiovascular mortality in the hemodialysis patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070657
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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