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  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)  (9)
  • Brown, M. Catherine  (9)
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  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)  (9)
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  • 1
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 36, No. 7_suppl ( 2018-03-01), p. 71-71
    Abstract: 71 Background: Social media and internet is increasingly used by patients for cancer education, which can affect provider-patient communication. Usage habits of the adolescent-young adult (AYA; aged 〈 40 years), adult (age 40- 〈 65 years), and geriatric cancer populations (age 65+ years) are likely different. Methods: Using age-specific sampling, cancer patients across all disease sites cross-sectionally were asked to complete a survey of demographics, health status, and social media/online resource use for cancer education. Clinical information was abstracted. Results: Of 429 approached, 320 participated (126 AYA, 128 adults, 66 elderly). Males comprised 44%; 72% had post-secondary education; 31% had household incomes of 〉 $100,000. Elderly patients were most likely to refuse participation (33% of elderly approached vs 16% AYA; p 〈 0.001), with the most common reason being "I do not use internet resources/don't plan on using them"(96% of all elderly refusals with available data). Among respondents, the proportion who utilized the internet for cancer education was 76%, 76% and 70% in AYA, adults, and elderly, respectively (p 〉 0.5). The use of social media tools in respondents was 49%, 40%, and 36%, respectively (p = 0.16 across age groups). While 75% of patients felt they could judge the quality of cancer-related information on the internet (no differences by age group, p 〉 0.5), a significantly lower 43% (p 〈 0.001) felt similarly confident to judge the quality of social media; AYA patients (49%) were numerically more likely to feel confident than seniors (36%; p = 0.16). Elderly were less likely to want online health record access (p = 0.015), treatment option (p = 0.042) and side effect education (p 〈 0.001), future care plan (p 〈 0.001) and wellness programs compared to others (p 〈 0.001). Conclusions: Although cancer patients used social media frequently, confidence is lacking on the quality of cancer information obtained (across all age groups), while elderly perceive fewer benefits of using online/social media related to their cancer. Guidelines for patients on how to assess quality and appropriately use social media could help facilitate patient-provider communication.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 15_suppl ( 2019-05-20), p. e20667-e20667
    Abstract: e20667 Background: The tissue microenvironment associated with specific organ metastases potentially influences the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors. The presence of liver metastases is a predictor of poor response and survival in melanoma and is correlated with reduced CD8+ T cell infiltration. Our study examined clinicopathologic characteristics, focusing on sites of metastatic disease, that are associated with poor outcomes. Methods: Advanced NSCLC patients treated with ≥1 cycle of ICI were reviewed. Baseline age, sex, histology, stage, smoking status, ethnicity, PD-L1 expression and sites of metastases were recorded. Best overall response (BOR) was determined by clinical imaging response and categorized ordinally as shrinkage, stable, or progression, adapted from RECIST for CR/PR, SD, PD. A rapidly progressive phenotype (RPP) was defined as BOR of progression and ICI use of ≤2 months. The association between sites of metastases and clinical outcomes were investigated using logistic and cox regression models. Results: Among 219 eligible patients, bone was the most common metastatic site (34.7%), followed by brain (21.5%), adrenals (14.2%), and liver (13.7%). Bone metastases (OR 0.45, p = 0.004) were associated with a worse BOR, while only a trend was observed for liver metastases (OR 0.47, p = 0.06). Adrenal metastases were associated with a better BOR (OR 2.08, p = 0.04). But thorax limited disease did not associate with BOR (OR 1.08, p = 0.76). In a multivariate model, bone was the only metastatic site associated with a worse BOR (OR 0.50, p = 0.01). Further, bone metastases were associated with RPP (adjusted OR 1.91, p = 0.04). Both bone (adjusted hazard ratio/aHR 1.61, p = 0.01) and liver metastases (aHR 1.80, p = 0.02) were associated with a shorter time-to-treatment-failure. The presence of liver (aHR 2.63, p 〈 0.001) but not bone (aHR 1.04, p = 0.86) metastases was a significant predictor of poor OS. Conclusions: We report a novel finding that the presence of bone metastases was associated with a worse clinical overall response on ICI and a rapidly progressive phenotype. Further investigations into the mechanisms of RPP in the presence of bone metastases are needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 36, No. 34_suppl ( 2018-12-01), p. 173-173
    Abstract: 173 Background: Cancer patients (pts) are increasingly searching online for information and support. Online resource usage and preferences may differ between patients treated with curative versus palliative intent. Methods: Cancer pts completed a cross-sectional survey at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, assessing their usage and perceptions of social media and the internet with regards to their cancer. Associations between patients’ responses and treatment intent were evaluated univariably (t-tests, chi-squared tests) and multivariably (linear/logistic regression). Results: In a univariable analysis comparing 65 palliative pts (PALL) and 222 curative pts, PALL were more likely to be older (p 〈 0.001) and less likely to be currently employed or a student (p 〈 0.001); they were less likely to use the internet (91% vs. 97%, p = 0.03), social media (68% vs. 87%, p 〈 0.001), and used social media less frequently than curative patients (66% vs. 83%, p = 0.01). PALL were less likely to be interested in an online personal health record (62% vs 76%, p = 0.04) and more likely to indicate that they would not use online information (17% vs. 7%, p = 0.02), compared to curative pts. PALL were more likely to be unfamiliar with social media (20% vs. 7%, p = 0.01), to not know how to use social media (21% vs. 7%, p 〈 0.001), and to have difficulty finding information (14% vs. 5%, p = 0.03). However, no significant differences by intent were identified after adjustment in a multivariable analysis controlling for age. Conclusions: After the age differences between both groups were adjusted for, there were no significant differences in patients’ online activity nor their perceptions of the trustworthiness, utility, and role of social media, and the Internet. These similarities suggest that online resources for PALL can be developed simultaneously with curative pts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 4
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 31_suppl ( 2019-11-01), p. 141-141
    Abstract: 141 Background: Health behaviors including tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and physical activity (PA) can impact outcomes in cancer survivors. While the peri-diagnostic period can be a "teachable moment" for behavior change, patients may face barriers including mental health comorbidities. We have previously identified that patient perceptions of behaviors can influence behavior change. Here, we evaluated the impact of anxiety and depression on patient perceptions of these behaviors. Methods: Cancer patients from all disease sites were surveyed (2016-17) on their smoking, alcohol habits, and PA, and perceptions of the impact of these behaviors on fatigue, survival, and quality of life (QofL). Survey data were linked with same day Edmonton Symptom Assessment Symptom (ESAS) anxiety and depression scores. Logistic regression models evaluated the impact of anxiety and depression on patient perceptions. Results: Of 496, 53% were male; median age, 60 years. At diagnosis, 20% were current smokers, 47% were current drinkers, and 67% were not meeting PA guidelines. 30% screened positive for anxiety (ESAS anxiety 〉 3) and 34% screened positive for depression (ESAS depression 〉 2); mean [standard deviation] scores were 1.9 [2.3] for anxiety and 1.5 [2.2] for depression. Most current smokers ( 〉 80%) perceived smoking to negatively impact fatigue, survival and QofL. Smokers screening positive for anxiety were more likely to perceive smoking as harmful on survival (OR=9.09, 95% CI (1.15-100), P=0.04); greater ESAS anxiety scores were associated with perceiving smoking to worsen survival (OR=1.51 per point, 95% CI (1.04-2.17), P=0.03). While those less physically active at diagnosis ( 〉 65%) felt that PA improves fatigue, survival and QofL and half of current drinkers (45%-50%) felt that alcohol worsens outcomes, anxiety and depression were not found associated with perceptions (P 〉 0.10). Conclusions: Among current smokers, greater anxiety scores and those screening positive for anxiety were more likely to perceive continued smoking as harmful to survival. Mental health comorbidities were not found to have an impact on patient perceptions of the effect of alcohol consumption and PA on fatigue, survival, and QofL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 5
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 8_suppl ( 2019-03-10), p. 82-82
    Abstract: 82 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are improving the care of cancer patients. Despite being better tolerated than chemotherapy, there is a risk of developing irAEs which may require hospitalization. Although ICI and irAEs are well studied in clinical trials, there is a paucity of studies characterizing the care patterns for real-world irAEs hospitalizations. Methods: A single centre retrospective chart review (Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON) identified patients receiving standard of care ICI (2012-2017) hospitalized for irAEs. For hospitalizations, clinico-pathological, investigation and treatment details were collected. Descriptive statistics helped to characterize hospitalizations. Results: Among 697 patients (266 lung, 381 melanoma and 50 genitourinary (GU)) on ICI, 8% (14 lung, 41 melanoma and 2 GU) had at least 1 irAE (range 1-4) hospitalization for a total of 69 hospitalizations. Average length of stay was 12 days (range 1-105). Among hospitalized patients, median age was 60; 63% were male; 29% received ipilimumab monotherapy, 28% pembrolizumab, 22% nivolumab and 22% received combination ICI. The most common irAEs were colitis (52%), pneumonitis (20%), hepatitis (10%) and CNS disease (demyelination, hypophysis) (9%). Cases were admitted directly from clinic (39%), emergency rooms (29%), urgent care clinic (18%) or transferred from another hospital (13%). Most patients (72%) were admitted to oncology; 28% to general medicine. Endoscopy was performed in 21% of admissions with 60% showing evidence of irAE; biopsies were obtained in 16% of admissions and 73% had evidence of irAE. Subspecialty services were involved in 60% of admissions. Most patients received steroids (94%); 17% received Infliximab. While age did not impact length of stay (p = 0.63), patients admitted to oncology had longer admissions compared to general medicine (14 vs 6 days, p = 0.009). Conclusions: irAEs occur at similar rates in the real-world compared to clinical trials. There is significant heterogeneity in the care patterns for irAEs. Patients admitted to oncology had longer average lengths of stay. Further characterizing irAE can help to develop quality indicators that may improve irAE outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 6
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 15_suppl ( 2019-05-20), p. e20594-e20594
    Abstract: e20594 Background: Immune subpopulations within the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a central role in determining response to checkpoint inhibitors. Myeloid derived suppressor cells, a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells, have a predominantly immunosuppressive role by stimulating T regulatory cells. We hypothesize that elevated myeloid-to-lymphocyte measures in the peripheral blood predict for greater numbers of myeloid derived suppressor cells in the TME and worse outcomes. Methods: In advanced NSCLC patients who received immunotherapy between 2010-2018, baseline characteristics collected retrospectively included age, sex, histology, stage, smoking status, ethnicity, PD-L1 expression and tumor genotype. Pre-treatment neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) and monocyte/lymphocyte ratios (MLR) were log transformed and analyzed using cox and logistic regression models. Results: Among 219 eligible patients, a high NLR was associated with shorter time-to-treatment-failure (HR 1.38, 95%CI 1.09-1.75, p = 0.008) and poorer OS (HR 1.62, 95%CI 1.23-2.14, p 〈 0.001), independent of PD-L1 levels. Disproportionate increases in NLR and MLR were highly correlated (Spearman’s rho = 0.78). Further, higher NLR (p = 0.09) or MLR (p = 0.06) tended to associate with best overall response (BOR) to immunotherapy, with higher rates of progressive disease (PD) and lower rates of clinical response. A high NLR (p = 0.01) and MLR (p = 0.02) were associated with a rapidly progressive phenotype defined by PD as the BOR and duration of therapy ≤2 months. This remained significant after adjusting for confounders in a multivariate model (p = 0.03 for NLR and p = 0.03 for MLR). No associations were observed between high myeloid counts and other clinical prognostic factors such as liver metastases. Conclusions: A myeloid immunosuppressive state characterized by a disproportionate increase in peripheral immune myeloid populations is significantly associated with primary refractory disease, rapidly progressive phenotype, and poorer survival. Further investigation into myeloid mediated mechanisms of resistance is warranted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 7
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 4_suppl ( 2019-02-01), p. 37-37
    Abstract: 37 Background: Systematic symptom monitoring improves quality of life, and possibly overall survival in cancer outpatients receiving chemotherapy. To reduce patient, staff, and resource burden, combining research surveys with electronic PRO assessments in a multidisciplinary academic esophageal cancer clinic may allow dual clinical-research goals to be met. Methods: EsO-PRO is a data collection tool directed at esophageal cancer outpatients created through expert feedback. Using the Canadian Institutes of Health research (CIHR) Knowledge-to-Action (KTA) framework, clinic flow and stakeholder maps were constructed. Facilitators and barriers were then identified, and responses were generated to address implementation barriers. Multiple iterations of the questionnaire were implemented; patient and clinic staff feedback was collected through key informant interviews, and major themes were described. Results: Creation of EsO-PRO included multiple validated tools: the FACT-E, modified Cancer Research UK esophageal cancer risk questionnaire, EQ5D-5L, PRO-CTCAE for common esophageal symptoms, and baseline clinico-demographic data. Four iterations of the KTA cycle for pilot implementation identified specific key facilitators (clinician champions, staff engagement, resource-integration, and clinician-researcher synergy) and barriers (familiarity with technology, survey length, and communication barriers). Qualitative assessment also identified perceived importance of questions as key to patient completion, and role delegation, staff burden, clinic flow interruption as critical issues to address. Splitting EsO-PRO into two separate visits for completion, allowing completion at home, and changing fill-in-the-blanks to check-off boxes were identified as potential solutions. Conclusions: The CIHR-KTA framework identified concrete methods for improved integration of a combined clinical-research survey tool for routine use in a multidisciplinary esophageal cancer outpatient clinic. Our process serves as an effective model for integration of innovations in multidisciplinary esophageal cancer clinics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 8
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 8_suppl ( 2019-03-10), p. 85-85
    Abstract: 85 Background: Prior clinical trials in melanoma have demonstrated higher rates of irAEs from combination ICI therapy compared to monotherapy. However, this has not been well studied in the real-world where patients often have greater co-morbidities and less organ reserve. We aim to compare irAEs hospitalizations for melanoma patients on combination vs monotherapy ICIs. Methods: We performed a single centre retrospective chart review (Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON) for all melanoma patients receiving ICI as standard of care (2012-2017) admitted with irAEs. Data collected include demographics, investigations, management and outcomes of hospitalizations. Descriptive analyses were performed to characterize hospitalizations and compare between ICI combination vs monotherapy groups. Results: Among 381 melanoma patients identified on standard of care ICI, 41 (11%) were admitted for irAE. Among those admitted, 10% received monotherapy with nivolumab, 22% pembrolizumab, 39% ipilimumab and 29% combination ICI. Admission rates were higher among patients receiving combination ICI compared to monotherapy (20% vs 8% p = 0.003). Prevalence of the most common irAEs were similar between combination and monotherapy groups: colitis (58% vs 59%), pneumonitis (8% vs 14%) and hepatitis (8% vs 10%). Less than half received invasive diagnostic tests (i.e, endoscopy) (42% combination vs 35% monotherapy, p = 0.50) with 3 (60%) and 5 (50%) confirming irAEs, respectively. Rates of infliximab use were similar between the combination and monotherapy group (25% vs 21%, p = 0.70). Average length of stay was shorter for patients on combination ICI compared to monotherapy (5 days vs 15 days, p = 0.08). irAE readmission rates were similar between patients receiving combination ICI compared to monotherapy (20% vs 17%, p = 0.65). Conclusions: Despite higher admission rates among patients receiving combination ICI, there was a trend towards shorter hospitalizations. Other outcomes including diagnoses, investigations and management were not significantly different between patients receiving combination vs ICI monotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 27_suppl ( 2019-09-20), p. 102-102
    Abstract: 102 Background: Precision oncology divides patients into smaller cohorts each with unique characteristics, treatment and outcomes. Cost-effectiveness assessments that rely on quality-adjusted life years will require mutation-specific health utility scores (HUS). We assessed the impact of having exon 19 del, L858R and rare EGFR mutations on outcomes and HUS. Methods: From a retrospective database of 719 patients with EGFR mutations, specific baseline EGFR mutations, clinicodemographic and treatment characteristics, and outcomes (overall survival, OS; progression-free survival, PFS) were analyzed using Cox models (adjusted hazard ratios, HR). In a subset of 289 patients with metastatic disease, serial HUS data collected through EQ-5D-5L at clinic visits were compared by mutation using t-tests. Results: Of 380 (53%) patients with exon 19 del, 288 (40%) with L858R, and 51 (7%) with rare mutations (mostly G719A/C, Exon 18 or 20 insertion, L861Q, compound mutations): 68% were female; median age was 74 years; 51% were Asian; and 74% were never smokers. In 334 Stage I-III pts, recurrence-free survival was not associated with specific mutations. In contrast, among 365 stage IV pts on TKIs, when compared to a reference of patients with exon 19 del, outcomes were worse in patients with L858R mutations (PFS: 1.35, 95% CI 1.1-1.7; OS: HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.0-1.9) and for rare mutations (PFS: 1.16 95% CI 0.7-1.9; OS: 1.45 95% CI 0.7-2.9). From an analysis of 1064 clinic encounters, different TKIs were used in similar proportions by mutation. In stable disease, mean HUS [SEM] were 0.80 [0.008] (exon 19), 0.81 [0.009] (L858R), and 0.82 [0.02] (rare mutation). Progressive disease led to significant drops in mean HUS for exon 19 (0.76 [0.01] ; p = 0.01 compared to stable disease) and L858R, mean HUS = 0.74 [0.02] p 〈 0.001, but less so for rare mutations, mean HUS = 0.79 [0.05] p = 0.65. Conclusions: Patients in this EGFR mutated cohort had similar exposures of different TKI therapy regardless of specific EGFR mutation. L858R and rare mutations had inferior survival outcomes but similar HUS as patients with exon 19 del mutations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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