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  • 1
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    Seasonal variability of Martian ion escape through the plume and tail from MAVEN observations (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-06
    Beschreibung: We study the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft observations of Martian planetary ion escape during two time periods: 11 November 2014 to 19 March 2015 and 4 June 2015 to 24 October 2015, with the focus on understanding the seasonal variability of Martian ion escape in response to the solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) flux. We organize the 〉6 eV O + ion data by the upstream electric field direction to estimate the escape rates through the plume and tail. To investigate the ion escape dependence on the solar EUV flux, we constrain the solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic filed strength and compare the ion escape rates through the plume and tail in different energy ranges under high and low EUV conditions. We found that the total 〉6 eV O + escape rate increases from 2 to 3 × 10 24  s −1 as the EUV irradiance increases by almost the same factor, mostly on the 〈1 keV tailward escape. The plume escape rate does not vary significantly with EUV. The relative contribution from the plume to the total escape varies between ~30% and ~20% from low to high EUV. Our results suggest that the Martian ion escape is sensitive to the seasonal EUV variation, and the contribution from plume escape becomes more important under low EUV conditions.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    TLR Interacts with CREBH to Modulate HDL [Molecular Bases of Disease] (2016)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-10-29
    Beschreibung: Bacterial endotoxin can induce inflammatory and metabolic changes in the host. In this study, we revealed a molecular mechanism by which a stress-inducible, liver-enriched transcription factor, cAMP-responsive element-binding protein hepatic-specific (CREBH), modulates lipid profiles to protect the liver from injuries upon the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS challenge can activate CREBH in mouse liver tissues in a toll-like receptor (TLR)/MyD88-dependent manner. Upon LPS challenge, CREBH interacts with TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that functions as a key mediator of TLR signaling, and this interaction relies on MyD88. Further analysis demonstrated that TRAF6 mediates K63-linked ubiquitination of CREBH to facilitate CREBH cleavage and activation. CREBH directly activates expression of the gene encoding Apolipoprotein A4 (ApoA4) under LPS challenge, leading to modulation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in animals. CREBH deficiency led to reduced production of circulating HDL and increased liver damage upon high-dose LPS challenge. Therefore, TLR/MyD88-dependent, TRAF6-facilitated CREBH activation represents a mammalian hepatic defense response to bacterial endotoxin by modulating HDL.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Digitale ISSN: 1083-351X
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Publiziert von The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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  • 3
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    Afferent specific role of NMDA receptors for the circuit integration of hippocampal neurogliaform cells (2017)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-07-28
    Beschreibung: Afferent specific role of NMDA receptors for the circuit integration of hippocampal neurogliaform cells Nature Communications, Published online: 28 July 2017; doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00218-y Proper brain function depends on the correct assembly of excitatory and inhibitory neurons into neural circuits. Here the authors show that during early postnatal development in mice, NMDAR signaling via activity of long-range synaptic inputs onto neurogliaform cells is required for their appropriate integration into the hippocampal circuitry.
    Digitale ISSN: 2041-1723
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Study on detection method of distorted voltage sag in distribution network under the background of incorporating new energy (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-11-10
    Beschreibung: An advanced voltage sag detection method and compensation technique can improve the power quality of the distribution network to a entirely new level. A high performance voltage sag detection method demands fast response and good accuracy, even detecting distorted grid voltage sag caused by new energy accessing to distribution network. The voltage sag detection method, based on sliding window iterative discrete fourier transfer (DFT) algorithm, has excellent filtering ability but long detection time. On the other hand, the voltage sag detection method, based on nonrecursive DFT algorithm, has short detection time but poor filtering ability. Aiming to meet the requirements of fast response and good accuracy, this paper proposed a voltage sag detection method based on improved nonrecursive DFT algorithm. By means of disturbance filter, which is combined with several notch filters and a low-pass filter, the filter characteristic of nonrecursive DFT algorithm has been improved, and ...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Digitale ISSN: 1755-1315
    Thema: Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 5
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    Steady-state analytical solutions of flow and deformation coupling due to a point sink within a finite fluid-saturated poroelastic layer (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-26
    Beschreibung: An exact steady-state closed-form solution is presented for coupled flow and deformation of an axisymmetric isotropic homogeneous fluid-saturated poroelastic layer with a finite radius due to a point sink. The hydromechanical behavior of the poroelastic layer is governed by Biot's consolidation theory. Boundary conditions on the lateral surface are specifically chosen to match the appropriate finite Hankel transforms and simplify the transforms of the governing equations. Ordinary differential equations in the transformed domain are solved, and then the analytical solutions in the physical space for the pore pressure and the displacements are finally obtained by using finite Hankel inversions. The analytical solutions at some special locations such as the top and bottom surfaces, lateral surface, and the symmetrical axis are given and analyzed. And a case study for the consolidation of a water-saturated soft clay layer due to pumping is conducted. The analytical solution is verified against the finite element solution. Meanwhile, an analysis of coupled hydromechanical behavior is carried out herein. The presented analytical solution is an exact solution to the practical poroelastic problem within an axisymmetric finite layer. It can provide us a better understanding of the poroelastic behavior of the finite layer due to fluid extraction. Besides, it can be applied to calibrate numerical schemes of axisymmetric poroelasticity within finite domains. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 0363-9061
    Digitale ISSN: 1096-9853
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 6
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    Strong plume fluxes at Mars observed by MAVEN: An important planetary ion escape channel (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-12
    Beschreibung: We present observations by the Mars Atmospheric and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission of a substantial plume-like distribution of escaping ions from the Martian atmosphere, organized by the upstream solar wind convection electric field. From a case study of MAVEN particle-and-field data during one spacecraft orbit, we identified three escaping planetary ion populations: plume fluxes mainly along the upstream electric field over the north pole region of the Mars-Sun-Electric-field (MSE) coordinate system, anti-sunward ion fluxes in the tail region, and much weaker upstream pickup ion fluxes. A statistical study of O + fluxes using three-month MAVEN data shows that the plume is a constant structure with strong fluxes widely distributed in the MSE northern hemisphere, which constitutes an important planetary ion escape channel. The escape rate through the plume is estimated to be ~30% of the tailward escape and ~23% of the total escape for 〉 25eV O + ions.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Digitale ISSN: 1944-8007
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley-Blackwell im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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