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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Body Mass Index Predicts Decline in Executive Function in Bipolar Disorder: Preliminary Data of a 12-Month Follow-up Study
    S. Karger AG ; 2021
    In:  Neuropsychobiology Vol. 80, No. 1 ( 2021), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Neuropsychobiology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 80, No. 1 ( 2021), p. 1-11
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Introduction: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Obesity and associated risk factors have been linked to cognitive decline before. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objectives: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In the present study, we evaluated potential cumulative negative effects of overweight and obesity on cognitive performance in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in a longitudinal design. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Neurocognitive measures (California Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test [TMT] A/B, Digit-Symbol-Test, Digit-Span, d2 Test), anthropometrics (e.g., body mass index [BMI] ), and clinical ratings (Hamilton Depression Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale) were collected over a 12-month observation period. Follow-up data of 38 patients with BD (mean age 40 years; 15 males, 23 females) were available. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 High baseline BMI predicted a decrease in the patient’s performance in the Digit-Span backwards task measuring working memory performance. In contrast, cognitive performance was not predicted by increases in BMI at follow-up. Normal weight bipolar patients ( 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 = 19) improved their performance on the TMT B, measuring cognitive flexibility and executive functioning, within 1 year, while overweight bipolar patients ( 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 = 19) showed no change in this task. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The results suggest that overweight can predict cognitive performance changes over 12 months.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0302-282X , 1423-0224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000505784
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483094-2
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Probiotic Treatment in Individuals with Euthymic Bipolar Disorder: A Pilot-Study on Clinical Changes and Compliance
    S. Karger AG ; 2020
    In:  Neuropsychobiology Vol. 79, No. 1 ( 2020), p. 71-79
    Details
    In: Neuropsychobiology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 79, No. 1 ( 2020), p. 71-79
    Abstract: The importance of the microbiome for psychological well-being has gained rising interest in the last decade. A strategy to examine the role of the microbiome in different diseases is the intake of supplements that modulate the gut microbiome. Despite promising results in animal studies, research in humans is sparse to date and especially in individuals with psychiatric disorders almost missing. The current report of the ProbioBIP-one pilot study aims at describing general effects of the intake of the probiotic OMNi-BiOTiC Stress repair® on psychological parameters as well as gastrointestinal symptoms and general compliance in a cohort of euthymic individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), receiving daily probiotic treatment over a time period of 3 months. Twenty-seven individuals with BD took part in the present study (mean age = 50.7 years, SD = 12.2; females 40.7%). In sum, there was a high compliance rate with 81.5% of the study participants completing all 3 study visits and 85% of planned probiotic ingestions taken. Gastrointestinal problems were prevalent in more than half of the patients at the time of inclusion (t1). Expectedly, in the whole cohort, a high proportion of study participants experienced changes concerning digestion during probiotic treatment, around one third reported positive changes (reduced flatulence and easier and more frequent bowel movements) after 1 month (t2) and further after 3 months (t3). In contrast, a smaller part of study participants reported gastrointestinal discomfort after 1 and after 3 months (mainly flatulence and obstipation). We found a significantly reduced cognitive reactivity to sad mood between t2 and t3 indicating that participants under probiotic supplementation perceived themselves to be less distracted by ruminative thoughts. Further changes in psychiatric symptoms were small due to the euthymic state and already low scoring at the time of inclusion. Nevertheless, we found a significant symptom reduction in the rating scales measuring manic symptoms. From a clinical point of view, probiotic supplementation might provide a well-tolerated tool to positively influence gastrointestinal quality of life as well as mental and somatic health, cognition and immune response and potentially have effects on psychiatric symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0302-282X , 1423-0224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000493867
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483094-2
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 15,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gut Microbiome Composition and Its Association with Sleep in Major Psychiatric Disorders
    S. Karger AG ; 2023
    In:  Neuropsychobiology Vol. 82, No. 4 ( 2023), p. 220-233
    Details
    In: Neuropsychobiology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 82, No. 4 ( 2023), p. 220-233
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Introduction: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent across most major psychiatric disorders. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroimmune mechanisms, and circadian rhythm disturbances partially explain this connection. The gut microbiome is also suspected to play a role in sleep regulation, and recent studies suggest that certain probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiome transplantation can improve sleep quality. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We aimed to assess the relationship between gut-microbiota composition, psychiatric disorders, and sleep quality in this cross-sectional, cross-disorder study. We recruited 103 participants, 63 patients with psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder [ 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 = 31], bipolar disorder [ 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 = 13], psychotic disorder [ 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 = 19]) along with 40 healthy controls. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The fecal microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and groups were compared based on alpha and beta diversity metrics, as well as differentially abundant species and genera. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A transdiagnostic decrease in alpha diversity and differences in beta diversity indices were observed in psychiatric patients, compared to controls. Correlation analysis of diversity metrics and PSQI score showed no significance in the patient and control groups. However, three species, 〈 i 〉 Ellagibacter isourolithinifaciens 〈 /i 〉 , 〈 i 〉 Senegalimassilia faecalis 〈 /i 〉 , and uncultured 〈 i 〉 Blautia 〈 /i 〉 sp., and two genera, 〈 i 〉 Senegalimassilia 〈 /i 〉 and uncultured 〈 i 〉 Muribaculaceae 〈 /i 〉 genus, were differentially abundant in psychiatric patients with good sleep quality (PSQI & gt;8), compared to poor-sleep quality patients (PSQI ≤8). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In conclusion, this study raises important questions about the interconnection of the gut microbiome and sleep disturbances.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0302-282X , 1423-0224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000530386
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483094-2
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 15,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of Probiotic Supplements on Cognitive Parameters in Euthymic Individuals with Bipolar Disorder: A Pilot Study
    S. Karger AG ; 2020
    In:  Neuropsychobiology Vol. 79, No. 1 ( 2020), p. 63-70
    Details
    In: Neuropsychobiology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 79, No. 1 ( 2020), p. 63-70
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Introduction: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Cognitive dysfunction is prevalent in depressive as well as manic episodes in individuals with Bipolar Disorder (BD). Even more, after symptom remission, many individuals with BD experience persisting cognitive impairment also in euthymic periods, leading to high illness burden and low quality of life. According to a recent research in animals and healthy humans, microbiota may influence cognitive processes via the brain-gut axis. A strategy to examine the role of the microbiota in different diseases is the intake of supplements that modulate the gut microbiome. The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the impact of probiotic supplements on cognitive parameters in a cohort of euthymic individuals with BD, receiving daily probiotic treatment over a time period of 3 months. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A total of 20 euthymic individuals with BD received probiotic supplement over a time period of 3 months and completed a cognitive test battery at 3 time points (t1 at time of inclusion, t2 after one month and t3 after 3 months of probiotic intake). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We found a significant improvement of performance concerning attention and psychomotor processing speed measured with the Digit Symbol Test after one (t2) as well as after 3 months (t3) of treatment ( 〈 i 〉 F 〈 /i 〉 = 8.60; 〈 i 〉 η 〈 /i 〉 〈 sup 〉 2 〈 /sup 〉 = 0.49, 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.01). Furthermore, executive function measured with the TMT-B, increased significantly over 3 months ( 〈 i 〉 F 〈 /i 〉 = 3.68; 〈 i 〉 η 〈 /i 〉 〈 sup 〉 2 〈 /sup 〉 = 0.29, 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.05). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The results confirm the hypotheses that probiotic supplement might help stable individuals with BD to improve the cognitive function, which in turn might lead to better psychosocial, occupational, work and financial functioning. Nevertheless, the idea of this potential new treatment is challenging because of the variety of the human’s gut microbiota.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0302-282X , 1423-0224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000492537
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483094-2
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 15,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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