In:
Frontiers in Psychiatry, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-20)
Abstract:
Deficits in psychosocial functioning are present in the early stages of psychosis. Several factors, such as premorbid adjustment, neurocognitive performance, and cognitive reserve (CR), potentially influence functionality. Sex differences are observed in individuals with psychosis in multiple domains. Nonetheless, few studies have explored the predictive factors of poor functioning according to sex in first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study aimed to explore sex differences, examine changes, and identify predictors of functioning according to sex after onset. Materials and methods The initial sample comprised 588 individuals. However, only adults with non-affective FEP ( n = 247, 161 males and 86 females) and healthy controls ( n = 224, 142 males and 82 females) were included. A comprehensive assessment including functional, neuropsychological, and clinical scales was performed at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. A linear regression model was used to determine the predictors of functioning at 2-year follow-up. Results FEP improved their functionality at follow-up (67.4% of both males and females). In males, longer duration of untreated psychosis (β = 0.328, p = 0.003) and worse premorbid adjustment (β = 0.256, p = 0.023) were associated with impaired functioning at 2-year follow-up, while in females processing speed (β = 0.403, p = 0.003), executive function (β = 0.299, p = 0.020) and CR (β = −0.307, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with functioning. Conclusion Our data indicate that predictors of functioning at 2-year follow-up in the FEP group differ according to sex. Therefore, treatment and preventative efforts may be adjusted taking sex into account. Males may benefit from functional remediation at early stages. Conversely, in females, early interventions centered on CR enhancement and cognitive rehabilitation may be recommended.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1664-0640
DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982583
DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982583.s001
DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982583.s002
DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982583.s003
DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982583.s004
DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982583.s005
DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.982583.s006
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2564218-2
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