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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The association of gingivitis and periodontitis with ischemic stroke
    Wiley ; 2004
    In:  Journal of Clinical Periodontology Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2004-05), p. 396-401
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2004-05), p. 396-401
    Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the associations of different periodontal parameters with cerebral ischemia. Methods: In a case–control study, 303 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, and 300 representative population controls received a complete clinical and radiographic dental examination. Patients were examined on average 3 days after ischemia. The individual mean clinical attachment loss measured at four sites per tooth was used as indicator variable for periodontitis. Results: Patients had higher clinical attachment loss than population ( p 〈 0.001). After adjustment for age, gender, number of teeth, vascular risk factors and diseases, childhood and adult socioeconomic conditions and lifestyle factors, a mean clinical attachment loss 〉 6 mm had a 7.4 times (95% confidence interval 1.55–15.3) a gingival index 〉 1.2 a 18.3 times (5.84–57.26) and a radiographic bone loss a 3.6 times (1.58–8.28) higher risk of cerebral ischemia than subjects without periodontitis or gingivitis, respectively. Conclusion: Periodontitis is an independent risk factor for cerebral ischemia and acute exacerbation of inflammatory processes in the periodontium might be a trigger for the event of cerebral ischemia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0303-6979 , 1600-051X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/cpe.2004.31.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2004.00579.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026349-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Periodontal Disease as a Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2004
    In:  Stroke Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2004-02), p. 496-501
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2004-02), p. 496-501
    Abstract: Background and Purpose— Chronic infectious diseases may increase the risk of stroke. We investigated whether periodontal disease, including periodontitis and gingivitis, is a risk factor for cerebral ischemia. Methods— We performed a case-control study with 303 patients examined within 7 days after acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, 300 population controls, and 168 hospital controls with nonvascular and noninflammatory neurological diseases. All subjects received a complete clinical and radiographic dental examination. The individual mean clinical attachment loss measured at 4 sites per tooth served as the main indicator for periodontitis. Results— Patients had higher clinical attachment loss than population ( P 〈 0.001) and hospital ( P =0.010) controls. After adjustment for age, sex, number of teeth, vascular risk factors and diseases, childhood and adult socioeconomic conditions, and lifestyle factors, the risk of cerebral ischemia increased with more severe periodontitis. Subjects with severe periodontitis (mean clinical attachment loss 〉 6 mm) had a 4.3-times-higher (95% confidence interval, 1.85 to 10.2) risk of cerebral ischemia than subjects with mild or without periodontitis (≤3 mm). Severe periodontitis was a risk factor in men but not women and in younger ( 〈 60 years) but not older subjects. Periodontitis increased the risk of cerebral ischemia caused by large-artery atherosclerosis, cardioembolism, and cryptogenic etiology. Gingivitis and severe radiologic bone loss were also independently associated with the risk of cerebral ischemia, whereas caries was not. Conclusions— Our study indicates that periodontal disease, a treatable condition, is an independent risk factor for cerebral ischemia in men and younger subjects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000110789.20526.9D
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of Symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis and Frequent Flu-Like Illnesses With Stroke
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2009
    In:  Stroke Vol. 40, No. 10 ( 2009-10), p. 3206-3210
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 40, No. 10 ( 2009-10), p. 3206-3210
    Abstract: Background and Purpose— Acute and several chronic infectious diseases increase the risk of stroke. We tested the hypothesis that chronic bronchitis and frequent flu-like illnesses are independently associated with the risk of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods— We assessed symptoms of chronic bronchitis, frequency of flu-like illnesses, and behavior during acute febrile infection in 370 consecutive patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke or TIA and 370 age- and sex-matched control subjects randomly selected from the population. Results— Cough with phlegm during ≥3 months per year (grade 2 symptoms of chronic bronchitis) was associated with stroke or TIA independent from smoking history, other risk factors, and school education (odds ratio [OR] 2.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17 to 5.94; P =0.021). There was also an independent association between frequent flu-like infections ( 〉 2 per yr) and stroke/TIA (OR 3.54; 95% CI 1.52 to 8.27; P =0.003). Simultaneous assessment of chronic bronchitis and frequent flu-like infections did not attenuate the effect of either factor. Patients reported more often than control subjects to continue to work despite febrile infection (OR 3.68, 95% CI 1.80 to 7.52, multivariate analysis). Conclusions— Our results suggest that chronic bronchitis is among those chronic infections that increase the risk of stroke. Independent from chronic bronchitis, a high frequency of flu-like illnesses may also be a stroke risk factor. Infection-related behavior may differ between stroke patients and control subjects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.561019
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Helicobacter pylori infection as an independent risk factor for cerebral ischemia of atherothrombotic origin
    Elsevier BV ; 2001
    In:  Journal of the Neurological Sciences Vol. 186, No. 1-2 ( 2001-5), p. 1-5
    Details
    In: Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Elsevier BV, Vol. 186, No. 1-2 ( 2001-5), p. 1-5
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-510X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0022-510X(01)00507-X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500645-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association Between Recent Sports Activity, Sports Activity in Young Adulthood, and Stroke
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2009
    In:  Stroke Vol. 40, No. 2 ( 2009-02), p. 426-431
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 40, No. 2 ( 2009-02), p. 426-431
    Abstract: Background and Purpose— Leisure-time physical activity protects from stroke. It is insufficiently established whether early lifetime physical activity is independently protective and whether some etiologic stroke subgroups particularly benefit from physical activity. We tested the hypothesis that both recent and early-adulthood sports activities are associated with reduced odds of stroke and analyzed their effects in stroke subtypes. Methods— We performed a case-control study of 370 patients with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and 370 age- and sex-matched control subjects randomly selected from the population and assessed recent and young adulthood sports activities and their weekly duration in standardized interviews. Results— Recent regular sports activities were less often reported by patients (94/370, 25.4%) than by control subjects (162/370, 43.8%; P 〈 0.0001). After adjustment for vascular risk factors, education, and other factors, recent participation in sports was significantly associated with reduced odds of stroke/TIA (odds ratio=0.64; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.96). Both groups did not differ with regard to sports activities in young adulthood. More control subjects (69/365, 18.9%) than patients (25/361, 6.9%) participated in sports recently after not having been active in young adulthood, and such a pattern was associated with reduced odds of stroke/TIA in multivariable analysis (odds ratio=0.37; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.85). Conclusions— Our study supports previous results that have shown stroke protection by physical activity. Results suggest that continuous lifetime activity or starting activities during later adulthood is required to reduce stroke risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.527978
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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