GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Basche, Andrea  (4)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2018
    In:  Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2018-06), p. 267-278
    In: Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2018-06), p. 267-278
    Abstract: The potential to improve soils to help farmers and ranchers adapt to and mitigate climate change has generated significant enthusiasm. Within this discussion, grasslands have surfaced as being particularly important, due to their geographic range, their capacity to store substantial quantities of carbon relative to cultivated croplands and their potential role in mitigating droughts and floods. However, leveraging grasslands for climate change mitigation and adaptation will require a better understanding of how farmers and ranchers who rely on them for their livelihoods can improve management and related outcomes. To investigate opportunities for such improvements, we conducted a meta-analysis of field experiments that investigated how soil water infiltration rates are affected by a range of management options: adding complexity to grazing patterns, reducing stocking rates or extended rest from grazing. Further, to explore the relationships between observed changes in soil water infiltration and soil carbon, we identified papers that reported data on both metrics. We found that in 81.9% of all cases, responses of infiltration rates to identified management treatments (response ratios) were above zero, with infiltration rates increasing by 59.3 ± 7.3%. Mean response ratios from unique management categories were not significantly different, although the effect of extended rest (67.9 ± 8.5%, n = 140 from 31 experiments) was slightly higher than from reducing stocking rates (42.0 ± 10.8%; n = 63 from 17 experiments) or adding complexity (34.0 ± 14.1%, n = 17 from 11 experiments). We did not find a significant effect of several other variables, including treatment duration, mean annual precipitation or soil texture; however, analysis of aridity indices suggested that grazing management may have a slightly larger effect in more humid environments. Within our database, we found that 42% of complexity studies, 41% of stocking rate studies and 29% of extended rest studies also reported at least some measure of soil carbon. Within the subset of cases where both infiltration rates and carbon were reported, response ratios were largely positive for both variables (at least 64% of cases had positive mean response ratios in all management categories). Overall, our findings reveal that a variety of management strategies have the potential to improve soil water infiltration rates, with possible benefits for soil carbon as well. However, we identified a shortage of well-replicated and detailed experiments in all grazing management categories, and call for additional research of both soil water and soil carbon properties for these critical agroecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1742-1705 , 1742-1713
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2068805-2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lyson Center for Civic Agriculture and Food Systems ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development ( 2020-02-18), p. 1-26
    In: Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, Lyson Center for Civic Agriculture and Food Systems, ( 2020-02-18), p. 1-26
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2152-0801
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Lyson Center for Civic Agriculture and Food Systems
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2676287-0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    University of California Press ; 2017
    In:  Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene Vol. 5 ( 2017-01-01)
    In: Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, University of California Press, Vol. 5 ( 2017-01-01)
    Abstract: Global agriculture is facing growing challenges at the nexus of interconnected food, energy and water systems, including but not limited to persistent food insecurity and diet-related diseases; growing demands for energy and consequences for climate change; and declining water resources, water pollution, floods and droughts. Further, soil degradation and biodiversity loss are both triggers for and consequences of these problems. In this commentary, we argue that expanding agroecological principles, tools, and technologies and enhancing biological diversity can address these challenges and achieve better socioeconomic outcomes. Agroecology is often described as multi- or transdiscplinary, and applies ecological principles to the design and management of agricultural systems through scientific research, practice and collective action. While agroecology has roots in the study of food systems, agricultural land use has many direct and indirect linkages to water and energy systems that could benefit from agroecological insights, including use of water resources and the development of bio-based energy products. Although opportunities from the science and the practice of agroecology transcend national boundaries, obstacles to widespread adoption vary. In this article, we therefore focus on the United States, where key barriers include a shortage of research funds, limited supporting infrastructure, and cultural obstacles. Nevertheless, simply scaling up current models of agricultural production and land use practices will not solve many of the issues specific to food related challenges nor would such an approach address related energy and water concerns. We conclude that a first critical step to discovering solutions at the food, energy, water nexus will be to move past yield as a sole measure of success in agricultural systems, and call for more holistic considerations of the co-benefits and tradeoffs of different agricultural management options, particularly as they relate to environmental and equity outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2325-1026
    Language: English
    Publisher: University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2745461-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Soil Science Society of America Journal Vol. 81, No. 5 ( 2017-09), p. 1179-1190
    In: Soil Science Society of America Journal, Wiley, Vol. 81, No. 5 ( 2017-09), p. 1179-1190
    Abstract: Core Ideas Meta‐analysis compared soil hydrology in perennial‐ and annual‐based crop systems. Continuous living cover practices significantly increased porosity, field capacity. There may be a greater effect in drier environments and sandier soils. Experiments in place longer than ten years also tended to increase the properties. Results suggest how continuous living cover can negate rainfall variability impacts. Increased rainfall variability due to climate change threatens the efficacy of critical soil ecosystem services. One strategy to negate effects of too much or not enough rainfall is to improve soil water properties. Practices that offer “continuous living cover” can enhance soil water storage and other soil hydrologic properties relative to annual crop systems, but to what extent such benefits can accrue, under different conditions, remains under‐quantified. To address these uncertainties, we conducted a meta‐analysis that included 27 studies representing 93 paired observations measuring two soil hydrologic properties: porosity and the water retained at field capacity. All experiments compared the impact of continuous living cover practices (cover crops, perennial grasses, agroforestry and managed forestry) to annual crop controls. Continuous living cover significantly increased total porosity (8.0 ± 2.2%) and the water retained at field capacity (9.3 ± 2.7%). There was some evidence indicating improved effects in relatively drier environments ( 〈 900 mm annual rainfall) and in regions with sandier soils. There was no evidence of publication bias, and a sensitivity analysis indicated that overall effects were robust. The similar direction and magnitude of improvements in both properties could be evidence of similar physical and chemical processes impacted by the continuous presence of living roots. Overall, our findings suggest that continuous living cover practices may be a potential adaptation strategy to combat rainfall variability. Furthermore, properties such as porosity and field capacity may serve as proxies to determine how management influences soil water and heath more broadly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-5995 , 1435-0661
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 241415-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2239747-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 196788-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481691-X
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 21
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...