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  • Barra, Mathias  (4)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Devils in the DALY: Prevailing Evaluative Assumptions
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Public Health Ethics Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2020-12-26), p. 259-274
    Details
    In: Public Health Ethics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2020-12-26), p. 259-274
    Abstract: In recent years, it has become commonplace among the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study authors to regard the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) primarily as a descriptive health metric. During the first phase of the GBD (1990–1996), it was widely acknowledged that the DALY had built-in evaluative assumptions. However, from the publication of the 2010 GBD and onwards, two central evaluative practices—time discounting and age-weighting—have been omitted from the DALY model. After this substantial revision, the emerging view now appears to be that the DALY is primarily a descriptive measure. Our aim in this article is to argue that the DALY, despite changes, remains largely evaluative. Our analysis focuses on the understanding of the DALY by comparing the DALY as a measure of disease burden in the two most significant phases of GBD publications, from their beginning (1990–1996) to the most recent releases (2010–2017). We identify numerous assumptions underlying the DALY and group them as descriptive or evaluative. We conclude that while the DALY model arguably has become more descriptive, it remains, by necessity, largely evaluative.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1754-9981
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/phe/phaa030
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2438463-X
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Consistency is not overrated
    BMJ ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Medical Ethics Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 830-831
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Ethics, BMJ, Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 830-831
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0306-6800 , 1473-4257
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2019-105662
    RVK:
    XA 54920
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026397-1
    SSG: 0
    SSG: 1
    SSG: 5,1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Public health priority setting: A case for priority to the worse off in well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library ; 2021
    In:  Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics ( 2021-12-02)
    Details
    In: Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library, ( 2021-12-02)
    Abstract: In Norway, priority for health interventions is assigned on the basis of three official criteria: health benefit, resources, and severity. Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have mainly happened through intersectoral public health efforts such as lockdowns, quarantines, information campaigns, social distancing and, more recently, vaccine distribution. The aim of this article is to evaluate potential priority setting criteria for public health interventions. We argue in favour of the following three criteria for public health priority setting: benefit, resources and improving the well-being of the worse off. We argue that benefits and priority to the worse off may reasonably be understood in terms of individual well-being, rather than only health, for public health priority setting. We argue that lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic support our conclusions. Keywords: COVID-19, Prioritarianism, Priority Setting, Public Health, Severity
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1890-4009 , 1890-3991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5324/eip.v15i2.4097
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2576885-2
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The disvalue of death in the global burden of disease
    BMJ ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Medical Ethics Vol. 44, No. 3 ( 2018-03), p. 192-198
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Ethics, BMJ, Vol. 44, No. 3 ( 2018-03), p. 192-198
    Abstract: In the Global Burden of Disease study, disease burden is measured as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The paramount assumption of the DALY is that it makes sense to aggregate years lived with disability (YLDs) and years of life lost (YLLs). However, this is not smooth sailing. Whereas morbidity (YLD) is something that happens to an individual, loss of life itself (YLL) occurs when that individual’s life has ended. YLLs quantify something that involves no experience and does not take place among living individuals. This casts doubt on whether the YLL is an individual burden at all. If not, then YLDs and YLLs are incommensurable. There are at least three responses to this problem, only one of which is tenable: a counterfactual account of harm. Taking this strategy necessitates a re-examination of how we count YLLs, particularly at the beginning of life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0306-6800 , 1473-4257
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2017-104365
    RVK:
    XA 54920
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026397-1
    SSG: 0
    SSG: 1
    SSG: 5,1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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