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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Priority areas for vulture conservation in the Horn of Africa largely fall outside the protected area network
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Bird Conservation International Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2022-06), p. 188-205
    Details
    In: Bird Conservation International, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2022-06), p. 188-205
    Abstract: Vulture populations are in severe decline across Africa and prioritization of geographic areas for their conservation is urgently needed. To do so, we compiled three independent datasets on vulture occurrence from road-surveys, GPS-tracking, and citizen science (eBird), and used maximum entropy to build ensemble species distribution models (SDMs). We then identified spatial vulture conservation priorities in Ethiopia, a stronghold for vultures in Africa, while accounting for uncertainty in our predictions. We were able to build robust distribution models for five vulture species across the entirety of Ethiopia, including three Critically Endangered, one Endangered, and one Near Threatened species. We show that priorities occur in the highlands of Ethiopia, which provide particularly important habitat for Bearded Gypaetus barbatus , Hooded Necrosyrtes monachus , Rüppell’s Gyps rüppelli and White-backed Gyps africanus Vultures, as well as the lowlands of north-eastern Ethiopia, which are particularly valuable for the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus . One-third of the core distribution of the Egyptian Vulture was protected, followed by the White-backed Vulture at one-sixth, and all other species at one-tenth. Overall, only about one-fifth of vulture priority areas were protected. Given that there is limited protection of priority areas and that vultures range widely, we argue that measures of broad spatial and legislative scope will be necessary to address drivers of vulture declines, including poisoning, energy infrastructure, and climate change, while considering the local social context and aiding sustainable development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-2709 , 1474-0001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0959270921000228
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037673-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Human-induced mortality an overlooked threat for raptors in Nepal
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Bird Conservation International Vol. 33 ( 2023)
    Details
    In: Bird Conservation International, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 33 ( 2023)
    Abstract: Raptors play a unique role in ecosystem services and are regarded as effective indicators of ecosystem health. In recent years, varieties of anthropogenic factors have threatened the majority of raptor species worldwide. Nepal is considered a global hotspot for threatened and declining raptor species, but there is limited information on the direct human threats to the raptor populations living in the country. In this paper, we identify important anthropogenic threats to raptors in Nepal based on raptor mortality data collected by powerline surveys and from monitoring of GPS-tagged raptors, complete various reports, and social media. We found that powerlines, poisoning, and persecution, mainly shooting, are significant threats to raptors in Nepal that were largely overlooked previously. We report 54 electrocuted raptors affecting eight species, 310 poisoned raptors of 11 species, and five persecuted raptors of four species; among them vultures are the most affected ( 〉 88%). Based on our findings, to safeguard the future of Nepal’s raptors, we propose the retrofitting of power poles and the use of flight diverters on powerlines in the most affected areas to reduce raptor interactions with powerlines, as well as an effective conservation education programme to prevent the use of unintentional poisoning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-2709 , 1474-0001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0959270923000254
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037673-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Response to habitat modification by foraging Dark-chanting Goshawks Melierax metabates in a West African savanna
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2015
    In:  Bird Conservation International Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2015-09), p. 335-352
    Details
    In: Bird Conservation International, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2015-09), p. 335-352
    Abstract: Anthropogenic habitat alteration has probably contributed significantly to the decrease of raptor populations in West African savannas. To evaluate the impact of habitat degradation on foraging by sedentary Afrotropical raptors, we investigated the differences in microhabitat selection, foraging effort and energy returns between Dark-chanting Goshawks Melierax metabates inhabiting natural and transformed savannas in Cameroon. We expected that the agro-ecosystems in the transformed savannas have become unprofitable for Dark-chanting Goshawks due to scarcity of food resources. In both savanna types we radio-tracked six mated, adult males during the non-breeding season and determined foraging effort, by time spent at each perch and distance covered between perches, and energy intake through estimation of the energy value of prey items. Goshawks in natural habitats had smaller home-ranges and exploited their range more intensively than Goshawks in transformed habitats. In both natural and transformed habitats, Goshawks selected foraging patches with comparatively tall trees, underlining their importance to foraging Goshawks. The extent of shrub and herbaceous layer cover, agriculture cover, and tree density were other important predictors of foraging patch use, but their importance differed between habitats. The extent of shrub, herbaceous layer and agriculture cover were positively associated with foraging patch use in transformed habitats, suggesting that cultivated fields and ground vegetation support important prey resources for Goshawks in agro-ecosystems. The composition of broad prey categories to the diet, foraging effort and returns were comparable between habitats. However, we found indications that the proportion of heavy-bodied lizard species among reptile prey items was higher in natural than transformed habitats, whereas on average smaller lizards were more commonly caught in the latter. Mean herbaceous layer height and tree density within home ranges, both higher in natural habitat, were negatively related to prey capture rates. Tree clearance and livestock grazing thus favored greater prey capture rates in transformed habitat, offsetting a lower meal energy value compared to natural habitat. We conclude that foraging Dark-chanting Goshawks may cope with moderate land transformation, but practices focused on conservation of tall trees and ground vegetation cover would be beneficial by maintaining important prey resources and their exploitability under growing land pressure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-2709 , 1474-0001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0959270914000112
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037673-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Raptor habitat use in the Lake Chad Basin: insights into the effect of flood-plain transformation on Afrotropical and Palearctic raptors
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2013
    In:  Bird Conservation International Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2013-06), p. 199-213
    Details
    In: Bird Conservation International, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2013-06), p. 199-213
    Abstract: Les plaines d’inondation de l’Afrique de l’Ouest ont subi d’importantes transformations dans la deuxième moitié du xxe siècle, notamment pour le développement de la culture du riz irrigué. Pour évaluer l’effet de ces transformations sur l’abondance, la richesse et la diversité des rapaces paléarctiques et africains, nous avons effectué des comptages mensuellement, couvrant les saisons sèches et humides dans quatre types d’habitats de la plaine du bas Logone, au nord Cameroun: les plaines sèches, les plaines cultivées, les rizières, et les plaines saisonnièrement inondées, ressemblant à la végétation originale. Nous avons enregistré 36 espèces de rapaces parmi 2,533 individus, dominés par Milvus migrans , qui représente 42% des effectifs. Bien que la richesse et la diversité n’étaient pas liée au type d’habitat pour les rapaces paléarctiques, la diversité des espèces africaines était plus élevée sur les plaines inondées par rapport aux habitats cultivés et aux plaines sèches. En plus, l’abondance des rapaces africains était plus faible dans les rizières quand Milvus migrans et Necrosyrtes monachus ont été exclus. Au contraire, l’abondance des rapaces paléarctiques était la plus élevée dans les rizières, montrant l’importance des champs de riz pour ce groupe en saison sèche et post-récolte. De nouvelles transformations des plaines inondées sont prévues, qui peuvent mener à la réduction de leur capacité d’acceuil pour les rapaces africains, tandis que les rapaces paléarctiques pourraient en bénéficier grâce à l’extension des rizières, mais plus de recherche est nécessaire sur leur vulnérabilité face à l’utilisation des pesticides.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-2709 , 1474-0001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0959270913000014
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037673-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Do large birds experience previously undetected levels of hunting pressure in the forests of Central and West Africa?
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  Oryx Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 76-83
    Details
    In: Oryx, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 76-83
    Abstract: The commercial bushmeat trade threatens numerous species in the forests of West and Central Africa. Hunters shoot and trap animals, which are transported to rural and urban markets for sale. Village-based surveys of hunter offtake and surveys of bushmeat markets have shown that mammals and reptiles are affected most, followed by birds. However, hunters also consume some animals in forest camps and these may have been overlooked in surveys that have focused on bushmeat extracted from the forest. A number of studies have used indirect methods, such as hunter diaries, to quantify this additional offtake but results can be difficult to verify. We examined discarded animal remains at 13 semi-permanent hunting camps in the Ebo Forest, Cameroon, over 272 days. Twenty-one species were identified from 49 carcasses, of which birds constituted 55%, mammals 43% and other taxa 2%. The mammals identified were typical of those recorded in previous bushmeat studies but we recorded several species of birds rarely recorded elsewhere. Offtake of bird species increased with mean body mass. We extrapolated our results to the 34 known hunting camps in the Ebo Forest and estimated that a minimum of 97 birds are hunted annually in a catchment area of c. 479 km 2 . We conclude that some bird species may be hunted more frequently than previous research suggests and this has important conservation implications for larger-bodied species such as raptors and hornbills.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0030-6053 , 1365-3008
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0030605314000064
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020801-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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