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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The NASA Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) Mission: Imaging the Chemistry of the Global Atmosphere
    American Meteorological Society ; 2022
    In:  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Vol. 103, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. E761-E790
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 103, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. E761-E790
    Abstract: This article provides an overview of the NASA Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission and a summary of selected scientific findings to date. ATom was an airborne measurements and modeling campaign aimed at characterizing the composition and chemistry of the troposphere over the most remote regions of the Pacific, Southern, Atlantic, and Arctic Oceans, and examining the impact of anthropogenic and natural emissions on a global scale. These remote regions dominate global chemical reactivity and are exceptionally important for global air quality and climate. ATom data provide the in situ measurements needed to understand the range of chemical species and their reactions, and to test satellite remote sensing observations and global models over large regions of the remote atmosphere. Lack of data in these regions, particularly over the oceans, has limited our understanding of how atmospheric composition is changing in response to shifting anthropogenic emissions and physical climate change. ATom was designed as a global-scale tomographic sampling mission with extensive geographic and seasonal coverage, tropospheric vertical profiling, and detailed speciation of reactive compounds and pollution tracers. ATom flew the NASA DC-8 research aircraft over four seasons to collect a comprehensive suite of measurements of gases, aerosols, and radical species from the remote troposphere and lower stratosphere on four global circuits from 2016 to 2018. Flights maintained near-continuous vertical profiling of 0.15–13-km altitudes on long meridional transects of the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean basins. Analysis and modeling of ATom data have led to the significant early findings highlighted here.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0007 , 1520-0477
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0315.1
    DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0315.2
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intercomparison of automated methodologies for determination of ambient isoprene during the PROPHET 1998 summer campaign
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 106, No. D20 ( 2001-10-27), p. 24301-24313
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 106, No. D20 ( 2001-10-27), p. 24301-24313
    Abstract: The Program for Research on Oxidants: PHotochemistry, Emissions, and Transport (PROPHET) 1998 summer campaign, conducted at the University of Michigan Biological Station, provided a unique opportunity to compare isoprene measurement techniques that were automated, sampled and analyzed on‐line, and provided relatively fast time resolution. Assessment of the data quality for fast isoprene measurements is important because isoprene dominates the surface chemistry at many rural sites and even some urban environments. An informal intercomparison was conducted by evaluating ambient isoprene mixing ratio data generated by five different instruments: quadrupole ion trap (QIT) MS, the chemiluminescent‐based fast isoprene sensor (FIS), and three gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques. The GC/MS methods were deployed and maintained by Purdue University (GC/MS‐P), the National Center for Atmospheric Research (GC/MS‐NCAR), and the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (GC/MS‐RSMAS). The FIS was deployed and maintained by NCAR, Hills‐Scientific.com and Washington State University, while the QIT was implemented by Purdue University. The GC/MS‐P was chosen as the reference method to evaluate the agreement of the data set. The data were evaluated for time‐matched samples through regression analysis, ratio analysis, and percent difference analysis relative to GC/MS‐P. For measurement data in the central 90th percentile relative to the median, the mean percent difference was 21% for GC/MS‐NCAR, 41% for QIT, 42% for GC/MS‐RSMAS, and 88% for the FIS. Potential sources of disagreement, especially for low‐concentration data, such as variations in sampling time, interferences, method precision and accuracy, and limited cross‐calibration, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2000JD900562
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2001
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global airborne sampling reveals a previously unobserved dimethyl sulfide oxidation mechanism in the marine atmosphere
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2020
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 117, No. 9 ( 2020-03-03), p. 4505-4510
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, No. 9 ( 2020-03-03), p. 4505-4510
    Abstract: Dimethyl sulfide (DMS), emitted from the oceans, is the most abundant biological source of sulfur to the marine atmosphere. Atmospheric DMS is oxidized to condensable products that form secondary aerosols that affect Earth’s radiative balance by scattering solar radiation and serving as cloud condensation nuclei. We report the atmospheric discovery of a previously unquantified DMS oxidation product, hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF, HOOCH 2 SCHO), identified through global-scale airborne observations that demonstrate it to be a major reservoir of marine sulfur. Observationally constrained model results show that more than 30% of oceanic DMS emitted to the atmosphere forms HPMTF. Coincident particle measurements suggest a strong link between HPMTF concentration and new particle formation and growth. Analyses of these observations show that HPMTF chemistry must be included in atmospheric models to improve representation of key linkages between the biogeochemistry of the ocean, marine aerosol formation and growth, and their combined effects on climate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1919344117
    RVK:
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    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020
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