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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Internal Climate Variability in the Present Climate and the Change in ENSO Amplitude in Future Climate Simulations
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Climate Vol. 4 ( 2022-7-12)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Climate, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2022-7-12)
    Abstract: In this study, we define a metric for the intensity of internal climate variability (ICV) based on global surface temperature in the present climate and suggest that it can be used to understand the diversity of projected changes in ENSO amplitude in the future. We analyze both the 35-member Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble and the 30-members from Geophysical Fluid Dynamical Laboratory Large Ensemble from the present climate to future climate. While ENSO amplitude tends to decrease from the present climate to the end of 21st century in some ensemble member with a strong ICV during the present climate, it increases or stays the same in other ensemble members with a weak ICV. The result indicates that the intensity of ICV in the present climate in climate models may cause the difference of ENSO amplitude changes in a warmer world. Therefore, the intensity of ICV in the present climate should be cautiously examined in climate models to correctly project the ENSO amplitude changes in a changing climate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2624-9553
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fclim.2022.932978
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2986708-3
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Role of the Tibetan plateau glaciers in the Asian summer monsoon
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Climatic Change Vol. 173, No. 3-4 ( 2022-08)
    Details
    In: Climatic Change, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 173, No. 3-4 ( 2022-08)
    Abstract: The Tibetan plateau (TP) plays an important role in the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) dynamics as a heat source during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. A significant contribution to the pre-monsoon TP heating comes from the sensible heat flux (SHF), which depend on the surface properties. A glaciated surface would have a different SHF compared to a non-glaciated surface. Therefore, the TP glaciers potentially can also impact the hydrological cycle in the Asian continent by impacting the ASM rainfall via its contribution to the total plateau heating. However, there is no assessment of this putative link available. Here, we attempt to qualitatively study the role of TP glaciers on ASM by analyzing the sensitivity of an atmospheric model to the absence of TP glaciers. We find that the absence of the glaciers is most felt in climatologically less snowy regions (which are mostly located at the south-central boundary of the TP during the pre-monsoon season), which leads to positive SHF anomalies. The resulting positive diabatic heating leads to rising air in the eastern TP and sinking air in the western TP. This altered circulation in turn leads to a positive SHF memory in the western TP, which persists until the end of the monsoon season. The impact of SHF anomalies on diabatic heating results in a large-scale subsidence over the ASM domain. The net result is a reduced seasonal ASM rainfall. Given the relentless warming and the vulnerability of glaciers to warming, this is another flag in the ASM variability and change that needs further attention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0165-0009 , 1573-1480
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10584-022-03426-8
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 751086-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477652-2
    SSG: 14
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  • 13
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    Role of tropical lower stratosphere winds in quasi-biennial oscillation disruptions
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2022
    In:  Science Advances Vol. 8, No. 27 ( 2022-07-08)
    Details
    In: Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 8, No. 27 ( 2022-07-08)
    Abstract: Strong westerlies in the equatorial lower stratosphere prevent wind reversal at 70 to 100 hPa and promote it at 40 hPa.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2375-2548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm7229
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2810933-8
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  • 14
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    Online Resource
    Hysteresis of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation to CO 2 forcing
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2023
    In:  Science Advances Vol. 9, No. 31 ( 2023-08-02)
    Details
    In: Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 9, No. 31 ( 2023-08-02)
    Abstract: CO 2 reduction leads to even stronger eastern Pacific ENSO SST variability and global impacts compared to CO 2 increase.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2375-2548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh8442
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2810933-8
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  • 15
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    Distinct decadal modulation of Atlantic-Niño influence on ENSO
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-07-29)
    Details
    In: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-07-29)
    Abstract: It is known that winter Atlantic-Niño events can induce the El Niño–Southern oscillation (ENSO) in the following winter with a lag of 1-year during one period. On the other hand, summer Atlantic-Niño events can lead to the ENSO in the subsequent winter with a half-year lag during another period. In this study, we investigate the distinct interdecadal modulation of the effect of the Atlantic-Niños on ENSO by analyzing observational reanalysis datasets. During the mid-twentieth century, the winter Atlantic-Niño exhibited increased intensity and extended westward due to warmer conditions in the tropical western Atlantic. As a result, convection occurred from the Amazon to the Atlantic, triggering an atmospheric teleconnection that led to trade wind discharging and equatorial Kelvin waves, ultimately contributing to the development of ENSO. In contrast, during late twentieth century, summer Atlantic-Niño events were closely linked to the South America low-level jet in boreal spring. This connection led to the formation of widespread and intense convection over the Amazon to the Atlantic region. Then, the Walker circulation was effectively modulated, subsequently triggering ENSO events. Further analysis revealed that the interdecadal modulation of the Atlantic–South America–Pacific mean state plays a crucial role in shaping the impact of Atlantic-Niños on ENSO by modifying not only the characteristics of the Atlantic-Niños but also ocean–atmospheric feedback process. Therefore, improving our understanding of the interdecadal modulation of the climatological mean state over the Pacific to Atlantic regions enables better anticipation of the interaction between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2397-3722
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41612-023-00429-9
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2925628-8
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  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Intensity changes of Indian Ocean dipole mode in a carbon dioxide removal scenario
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-03-21)
    Details
    In: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-03-21)
    Abstract: The Indian Ocean Dipole/Zonal mode (IOD) is an interannual phenomenon over the tropical Indian Ocean, causing a pronounced impact worldwide. Here, we investigate the mechanism of the change in IOD characteristics in a CO 2 removal simulation for an earth system model (ESM). As the CO 2 concentration increases, the intensity of IOD tends to increase, but at high CO 2 concentrations, further increases decrease the IOD intensity. The minimum IOD amplitude was recorded during the early decrease in CO 2 . First, we developed a conceptual model for IOD that is composed of local air-sea coupled feedback, delayed ocean dynamics, El Niño impact, and noise forcing. Then, by adopting ESM results into this simple IOD model, we revealed that the local air–sea coupled feedback is a major factor for changing IOD amplitude, while El Niño does not exert a change in IOD amplitude. The local air–sea coupled feedback including thermocline feedback, wind-evaporation feedback, and Ekman feedback is strongly modified by the air–sea coupling strength during progression of a global warming. Consequently, under the higher CO 2 concentrations, IOD amplitude is reduced due to the weakening of air-sea coupling over tropical Indian Ocean.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2397-3722
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41612-022-00246-6
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2925628-8
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  • 17
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    Exploring dominant processes for multi-month predictability of western Pacific precipitation using deep learning
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-09-30)
    Details
    In: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-09-30)
    Abstract: Over the past half-century, there has been an increasing trend in the magnitude and duration of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) attributable to the significant warming trend in the Western Pacific (WP). The MJO, bridging weather and climate, influences global and regional climate through atmospheric teleconnections, and climate models can predict it for up to 4–5 weeks. In this study, we use deep learning (DL) methods to investigate the predictability of the MJO-related western Pacific precipitation on a multi-month time scale (5–9 weeks). We examine numerous potential predictors across the tropics, selected based on major MJO theories and mechanisms, to identify key factors for long-term MJO prediction. Our results show that DL-based useful potential predictability of the WP precipitation can be extended up to 6–7 weeks, with a correlation coefficient skill ranging from 0.60 to 0.65. Observational and heat map analysis suggest that cooling anomalies in the central Pacific play a crucial role in enhancing westerly anomalies over the Indian Ocean and warming in the WP, thereby strengthening the Walker circulation in the equatorial Pacific. In addition, the predictability of WP precipitation is higher in La Nina years than in El Nino or normal years, suggesting that mean cooling in the central Pacific may contribute to increased predictability of the MJO-related WP precipitation on the multi-month time scale. Additional model experiments using observed sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the central Pacific confirmed that these anomalies contribute to enhanced MJO-related convective anomalies over the WP. The study highlights that DL is a valuable tool not only for improving MJO-related WP prediction but also for efficiently exploring potential mechanisms linked to long-term predictability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2397-3722
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41612-023-00478-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2925628-8
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  • 18
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    Emergent constraints on future extreme precipitation intensification: from global to continental scales
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Weather and Climate Extremes Vol. 42 ( 2023-12), p. 100613-
    Details
    In: Weather and Climate Extremes, Elsevier BV, Vol. 42 ( 2023-12), p. 100613-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2212-0947
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.wace.2023.100613
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732464-3
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  • 19
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    Asymmetrical response of summer rainfall in East Asia to CO2 forcing
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  Science Bulletin Vol. 67, No. 2 ( 2022-01), p. 213-222
    Details
    In: Science Bulletin, Elsevier BV, Vol. 67, No. 2 ( 2022-01), p. 213-222
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2095-9273
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.08.013
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2069521-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2816140-3
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  • 20
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    How explosive volcanic eruptions reshape daily precipitation distributions
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  Weather and Climate Extremes Vol. 37 ( 2022-09), p. 100489-
    Details
    In: Weather and Climate Extremes, Elsevier BV, Vol. 37 ( 2022-09), p. 100489-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2212-0947
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.wace.2022.100489
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732464-3
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