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  • Amann, Rudolf  (5)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantitative Molecular Analysis of the Microbial Community in Marine Arctic Sediments (Svalbard)
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2001
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 67, No. 1 ( 2001-01), p. 387-395
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 67, No. 1 ( 2001-01), p. 387-395
    Abstract: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and rRNA slot blot hybridization with 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes were used to investigate the phylogenetic composition of a marine Arctic sediment (Svalbard). FISH resulted in the detection of a large fraction of microbes living in the top 5 cm of the sediment. Up to 65.4% ± 7.5% of total DAPI (4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole) cell counts hybridized to the bacterial probe EUB338, and up to 4.9% ± 1.5% hybridized to the archaeal probe ARCH915. Besides δ-proteobacterial sulfate-reducing bacteria (up to 16% 52) members of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster were the most abundant group detected in this sediment, accounting for up to 12.8% of total DAPI cell counts and up to 6.1% of prokaryotic rRNA. Furthermore, members of the order Planctomycetales accounted for up to 3.9% of total cell counts. In accordance with previous studies, these findings support the hypothesis that these bacterial groups are not simply settling with organic matter from the pelagic zone but are indigenous to the anoxic zones of marine sediments. Members of the γ-proteobacteria also constituted a significant fraction in this sediment (6.1% ± 2.5% of total cell counts, 14.4% ± 3.6% of prokaryotic rRNA). A new probe (GAM660) specific for sequences affiliated with free-living or endosymbiotic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria was developed. A significant number of cells was detected by this probe (2.1% ± 0.7% of total DAPI cell counts, 13.2% ± 4.6% of prokaryotic rRNA), showing no clear zonation along the vertical profile. Gram-positive bacteria and the β-proteobacteria were near the detection limit in all sediments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.1.387-395.2001
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Phylogenetic Affiliation and Quantification of Psychrophilic Sulfate-Reducing Isolates in Marine Arctic Sediments
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1999
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 65, No. 9 ( 1999-09), p. 3976-3981
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 65, No. 9 ( 1999-09), p. 3976-3981
    Abstract: Thirteen psychrophilic sulfate-reducing isolates from two permanently cold fjords of the Arctic island Spitsbergen (Hornsund and Storfjord) were phylogenetically analyzed. They all belonged to the δ subclass of Proteobacteria and were widely distributed within this group, indicating that psychrophily is a polyphyletic property. A new 16S rRNA-directed oligonucleotide probe was designed against the largest coherent cluster of these isolates. The new probe, as well as a set of available probes, was applied in rRNA slot blot hybridization to investigate the composition of the sulfate-reducing bacterial community in the sediments. rRNA related to the new cluster of incompletely oxidizing, psychrophilic isolates made up 1.4 to 20.9% of eubacterial rRNA at Storfjord and 0.6 to 3.5% of eubacterial rRNA at Hornsund. This group was the second-most-abundant group of sulfate reducers at these sites. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and hybridization analysis showed bands identical to those produced by our isolates. The data indicate that the psychrophilic isolates are quantitatively important in Svalbard sediments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.65.9.3976-3981.1999
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Changes in community composition during dilution cultures of marine bacterioplankton as assessed by flow cytometric and molecular biological techniques
    Wiley ; 2000
    In:  Environmental Microbiology Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2000-04), p. 191-201
    Details
    In: Environmental Microbiology, Wiley, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2000-04), p. 191-201
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-2912 , 1462-2920
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2000.00092.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020213-1
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High Bacterial Diversity in Permanently Cold Marine Sediments
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1999
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 65, No. 9 ( 1999-09), p. 3982-3989
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 65, No. 9 ( 1999-09), p. 3982-3989
    Abstract: A 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clone library from permanently cold marine sediments was established. Screening 353 clones by dot blot hybridization with group-specific oligonucleotide probes suggested a predominance of sequences related to bacteria of the sulfur cycle (43.4% potential sulfate reducers). Within this fraction, the major cluster (19.0%) was affiliated with Desulfotalea sp. and other closely related psychrophilic sulfate reducers isolated from the same habitat. The cloned sequences showed between 93 and 100% similarity to these bacteria. Two additional groups were frequently encountered: 13% of the clones were related to Desulfuromonas palmitatis , and a second group was affiliated with Myxobacteria spp. and Bdellovibrio spp. Many clones (18.1%) belonged to the γ subclass of the class Proteobacteria and were closest to symbiotic or free-living sulfur oxidizers. Probe target groups were further characterized by amplified rDNA restriction analysis to determine diversity within the groups and within the clone library. Rarefaction analysis suggested that the total diversity assessed by 16S rDNA analysis was very high in these permanently cold sediments and was only partially revealed by screening of 353 clones.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.65.9.3982-3989.1999
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Community Structure, Cellular rRNA Content, and Activity of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Marine Arctic Sediments
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2000
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 66, No. 8 ( 2000-08), p. 3592-3602
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 66, No. 8 ( 2000-08), p. 3592-3602
    Abstract: The community structure of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) of a marine Arctic sediment (Smeerenburgfjorden, Svalbard) was characterized by both fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and rRNA slot blot hybridization by using group- and genus-specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. The SRB community was dominated by members of the Desulfosarcina-Desulfococcus group. This group accounted for up to 73% of the SRB detected and up to 70% of the SRB rRNA detected. The predominance was shown to be a common feature for different stations along the coast of Svalbard. In a top-to-bottom approach we aimed to further resolve the composition of this large group of SRB by using probes for cultivated genera. While this approach failed, directed cloning of probe-targeted genes encoding 16S rRNA was successful and resulted in sequences which were all affiliated with the Desulfosarcina-Desulfococcus group. A group of clone sequences (group SVAL1) most closely related to Desulfosarcina variabilis (91.2% sequence similarity) was dominant and was shown to be most abundant in situ, accounting for up to 54.8% of the total SRB detected. A comparison of the two methods used for quantification showed that FISH and rRNA slot blot hybridization gave comparable results. Furthermore, a combination of the two methods allowed us to calculate specific cellular rRNA contents with respect to localization in the sediment profile. The rRNA contents of Desulfosarcina - Desulfococcus cells were highest in the first 5 mm of the sediment (0.9 and 1.4 fg, respectively) and decreased steeply with depth, indicating that maximal metabolic activity occurred close to the surface. Based on SRB cell numbers, cellular sulfate reduction rates were calculated. The rates were highest in the surface layer (0.14 fmol cell −1 day −1 ), decreased by a factor of 3 within the first 2 cm, and were relatively constant in deeper layers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.66.8.3592-3602.2000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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