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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (93)
  • Aldape, Kenneth  (93)
  • 2020-2024  (93)
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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (93)
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  • 2020-2024  (93)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the Comprehensive Oncology Network Evaluating Rare CNS Tumors (NCI-CONNECT) Adult Medulloblastoma Workshop
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Advances Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2020-01-01)
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology Advances, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2020-01-01)
    Abstract: Medulloblastoma (MB) is a rare brain tumor occurring more frequently in children in whom research has been primarily focused. Treatment recommendations in adults are mainly based on retrospective data and pediatric experience; however, molecular features and treatment tolerance differ between the 2 age groups. In adults, prognostic tools are suboptimal, late recurrences are typical, and long-term sequelae remain understudied. Treatment has not adapted to molecular classification advances; thus, the survival rate of adult MB has not improved. Methods In 2017, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) received support from the Cancer Moonshot℠ to address the challenges and unmet needs of adults with rare central nervous system tumors through NCI-CONNECT, a program that creates partnerships among patients, health care professionals, researchers, and advocacy organizations. On November 25, 2019, NCI-CONNECT convened leading clinicians and scientists in a workshop to review advances in research, share scientific insights, and discuss clinical challenges in adult MB. Results Working groups identified unmet needs in clinical trial design, tissue acquisition and testing, tumor modeling, and measurement of clinical outcomes. Conclusions Participants identified opportunities for collaboration; discussed plans to create a working group of clinicians, researchers, and patient advocates; and developed specific action items to expedite progress in adult MB.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2632-2498
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa097
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3009682-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Loss of H3K27me3 in meningiomas
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2021-08-02), p. 1282-1291
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2021-08-02), p. 1282-1291
    Abstract: There is a critical need for objective and reliable biomarkers of outcome in meningiomas beyond WHO classification. Loss of H3K27me3 has been reported as a prognostically unfavorable alteration in meningiomas. We sought to independently evaluate the reproducibility and prognostic value of H3K27me3 loss by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a multicenter study. Methods IHC staining for H3K27me3 and analyses of whole slides from 181 meningiomas across three centers was performed. Staining was analyzed by dichotomization into loss and retained immunoreactivity, and using a 3-tiered scoring system in 151 cases with clear staining. Associations of grouping with outcome were performed using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. Results A total of 21 of 151 tumors (13.9%) demonstrated complete loss of H3K27me3 staining in tumor with retained endothelial staining. Overall, loss of H3K27me3 portended a worse outcome with shorter times to recurrence in our cohort, particularly for WHO grade 2 tumors which were enriched in our study. There were no differences in recurrence-free survival (RFS) for WHO grade 3 patients with retained vs loss of H3K27me3. Scoring by a 3-tiered system did not add further insights into the prognostic value of this H3K27me3 loss. Overall, loss of H3K27me3 was not independently associated with RFS after controlling for WHO grade, extent of resection, sex, age, and recurrence status of tumor on multivariable Cox regression analysis. Conclusions Loss of H3K27me3 identifies a subset of WHO grade 2 and possibly WHO grade 1 meningiomas with increased recurrence risk. Pooled analyses of a larger cohort of samples with standardized reporting of clinical definitions and staining patterns are warranted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab036
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Highlights from the Literature
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 22, No. 7 ( 2020-07-07), p. 909-911
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. 7 ( 2020-07-07), p. 909-911
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa124
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Highlights from the Literature
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 22, No. 8 ( 2020-08-17), p. 1070-1072
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. 8 ( 2020-08-17), p. 1070-1072
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa147
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    PATH-29. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION PROFILES ASSOCIATED WITH IDH-WILDTYPE GLIOMA AND GLIONEURONAL TUMOR SUBTYPES
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 22, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-11-09), p. ii170-ii170
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-11-09), p. ii170-ii170
    Abstract: DNA Methylation profiles are highly robust and reproducible as a classification tool. Less is understood regarding the methylation differences that exist among gliomas and glioneuronal tumors. To address this, we analyzed differentially methylated probes (DMPs) of gliomas and glioneuronal tumors compared to normal brain white matter controls. After filtering (Δbeta & gt;0.3, logFC & gt;±1) of significant probes we observed that low grade glioma/glioneuronal tumors (LGGs) had significantly fewer DMPs (Hyper/Hypo) as compared to GBMs. For example, posterior fossa pilocytic astrocytomas (PA’s) showed 2861 DMPs (1916 hypo/945 hyper) versus 9653 for GBM-RTKI ((6563/3090) respectively, while tumors such as PXA and anaplastic PA showed intermediate changes between LGG’s and GBMs. Hypomethylated and hypermethylated probes were analyzed for gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment, with LGG subtypes showing hypomethylated probes/genes associated with cell adhesion, blood vessel development and viral infection (P-value = 10-7). In contrast, hypomethylated probes in GBM subtypes were enriched for plasma membrane and cell periphery gene ontologies (P-value = 10-52). With respect to hypermethylated probes, LGG subtypes showed enrichment for myelination, glial cell differentiation and sphingolipid metabolism (P-value = 10-5) while DNA-binding transcription factor activity was seen in GBM subtypes (P-value=10-35). Examples of the most significantly hypermethylated genes in GBM included the transcription factors, GATA3 and PAX9. Intermediate-grade gliomas such as anaplastic PA and PXA showed enrichment of hypermethylated genes similar to GBM, but of lower significance (P-values = 10-6 and 10-4). Overall, understanding of cancer-associated DNA methylation changes in glioma subtypes suggests a hierarchy of biological changes that may underlie the pathogenesis of these tumors and interestingly, highlight tumor types such as PXA and anaplastic PA as having intermediate methylation changes, between benign LGG and GBM. Hypermethylation of transcription-factor genes will be investigated in GBM and compared with changes in gene expression to understand possible roles in the pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.710
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    TAMI-46. TNFα SECRETED BY GLIOMA ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGES PROMOTES ENDOTHELIAL ACTIVATION AND RESISTANCE AGAINST ANTI-ANGIOGENIC THERAPY
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 22, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-11-09), p. ii223-ii223
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-11-09), p. ii223-ii223
    Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains a universal fatal disease and improving survival remains a challenge. One of the most prominent features of GBM is hyper-vascularization, characterized by abnormally dilated, distorted, and leaky vessels. Bone marrow (BM)-derived macrophages are recognized to be an important host cell population that are actively recruited to the tumor and referred to as glioma-associated macrophages (GAMs). GAMs are found to associate closely with blood vessels, and thought to provide a critical role in tumor neo-vascularization. However, the mechanisms by which GAMs regulate and promote endothelial cells (ECs) in the process of tumor vascularization and response to anti-angiogenic therapy (AATx) is not understood. To understand how GBM, GAMs and EC interacts, we designed and developed a novel GBMs-GAMs-EC co-culture system as well as a unique in vivo model in which the BM of NOD/SCID mice were reconstituted with red fluorescent protein (RFP)-BM cells to create a chimeric mouse and then using intracranial injection of GFP-U87 cells to create a GBM xenograft. Our study is the first to demonstrate that glioma cells-secreted IL8 and CCL2 which stimulate GAMs to secrete TNFα and promote EC activation. TNFα inhibition led to normalization of the tumor vasculature and significant improvement in survival in glioma mice model. More importantly, we validate these findings using clinical data showing that TNFα is a predictor of overall survival and response to AATx in GBM patients. We further demonstrated that increased macrophage recruitment and upregulation of TNFα in GAMs activating EC in response to bevacizumab treatment is one of the critical molecular mechanisms underlying the failure of AATx in GBM. Collectively, these results provide compelling evidence to further explore the clinical impact of inhibiting TNFα concurrent with AATx.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.933
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Role of surgery for glioblastoma: response to letters from Dr. Gerritsen and his colleagues and Dr. Vargas Lopez
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2021-03-25), p. 506-507
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2021-03-25), p. 506-507
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa305
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    EPCO-32. IDENTIFICATION OF PROGNOSTIC CHORDOMA SUBGROUPS USING DNA METHYLATION SIGNATURES IN TISSUE AND PLASMA
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 23, No. Supplement_6 ( 2021-11-12), p. vi9-vi9
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 23, No. Supplement_6 ( 2021-11-12), p. vi9-vi9
    Abstract: Chordomas are malignant bone cancers arising from the skull-base and spine that are rare but cause devastating central nervous system morbidities. Survival is highly variable despite surgery and radiotherapy as 10% live under 1 year and 30-35% survive over 20 years. There are currently no reliable prognostic factors and this limits our ability to tailor patient treatment to their risk. Accordingly, this work identifies epigenetic prognostic chordoma subgroups that are detectable non-invasively through plasma methylomes to guide treatment. METHODS A total of 68 chordoma surgical specimens resected between 1996-2018 across three international centres underwent DNA methylation profiling. Cell-free methylated tumor DNA immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing was performed on available matched plasma samples. RESULTS Two stable tumor clusters were identified through consensus clustering of tissue methylation data. Clusters had statistically significantly different disease-specific survivals (log-rank p=0.0062) independent of clinical factors in a multivariable Cox analysis (HR=16.5, 95%CI: 2.8-96, p=0.0018). The poorer-performing “Immune-infiltrated” cluster had genes hypomethylated at promoters, typically resulting in transcription, within immune-related pathways and higher immune cell abundance within tumors. The better-performing “Cellular” cluster showed higher tumor cellularity plus cell-to-cell interaction and extracellular matrix pathway hypomethylation. Fifty chordoma-versus-other binomial generalized linear models built using plasma methylome data distinguished chordomas from meningiomas and spinal metastases, as representative clinical differential diagnoses, in random left-out 20% testing sets (mean AUROC=0.84, 95%CI: 0.52-1.00). Plasma-based methylation signatures were highly correlated with tissue-based signals within both poor-performing (median r=0.69, 95%CI: 0.66-0.72) and better-performing cluster tumors (median r=0.67, 95%CI: 0.62-0.72). CONCLUSIONS The first identification of two distinct prognostic epigenetic chordoma subgroups is shown here with “Immune-infiltrated” tumors having a poorer prognosis than “Cellular” tumors. Plasma methylomes can be utilized for non-invasive chordoma diagnosis and subtyping. This work may transform chordoma treatment decision-making by guiding surgical planning in advance to match resection aggressiveness with patient prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.031
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    PATH-39. INTEGRATED MOLECULAR-MORPHOLOGICAL MENINGIOMA CLASSIFICATION: A MULTICENTER RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS, RETRO- AND PROSPECTIVELY VALIDATED
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 23, No. Supplement_6 ( 2021-11-12), p. vi123-vi124
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 23, No. Supplement_6 ( 2021-11-12), p. vi123-vi124
    Abstract: Meningiomas are the most frequent primary intracranial tumors. Patient outcome varies widely from cases with benign to highly aggressive, ultimately fatal courses. Reliable identification of risk of progression for the individual patient is of pivotal importance in clinical management. However, only biomarkers for highly aggressive tumors are established at present (CDKN2A/B and TERT), while no molecularly-based stratification exists for the broad spectrum of low- and intermediate-risk meningioma patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS DNA methylation data and copy-number information were generated for 3,031 meningiomas of 2,868 individual patients, with mutation data for 858 samples. DNA methylation subgroups, copy-number variations (CNV), mutations and WHO grading were comparatively analyzed. Prediction power for outcome of these parameters was assessed in an initial retrospective cohort of 514 patients, and validated on a retrospective cohort of 184, and on a prospective cohort of 287 multi-center cases, respectively. RESULTS Both CNV and methylation family- (MF)-based subgrouping independently resulted in an increase in prediction accuracy of risk of recurrence compared to the WHO classification (c-indexes WHO 2016, CNV, and MF 0.699, 0.706 and 0.721, respectively). Merging all independently powerful risk stratification approaches into an integrated molecular-morphological score resulted in a further, substantial increase in accuracy (c-index 0.744). This integrated score consistently provided superior accuracy in all three cohorts, significantly outperforming WHO grading (c-index difference p=0.005). Besides the overall stratification advantage, the integrated score separates more precisely for risk of progression at the diagnostically challenging interface of WHO grade 1 and grade 2 tumors (HR 4.56 [2.97;7.00], 4.34 [2.48;7.57] and 3.34 [1.28; 8.72] for discovery, retrospective, and prospective validation cohort, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Merging these layers of histological and molecular data into an integrated, three-tiered score significantly improves the precision in meningioma stratification. Implementation into diagnostic routine informs clinical decision-making for meningioma patients on the basis of robust outcome prediction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.491
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Depatuxizumab mafodotin in EGFR-amplified newly diagnosed glioblastoma: A phase III randomized clinical trial
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 25, No. 2 ( 2023-02-14), p. 339-350
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 25, No. 2 ( 2023-02-14), p. 339-350
    Abstract: Approximately 50% of newly diagnosed glioblastomas (GBMs) harbor epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification (EGFR-amp). Preclinical and early-phase clinical data suggested efficacy of depatuxizumab mafodotin (depatux-m), an antibody–drug conjugate comprised of a monoclonal antibody that binds activated EGFR (overexpressed wild-type and EGFRvIII-mutant) linked to a microtubule-inhibitor toxin in EGFR-amp GBMs. Methods In this phase III trial, adults with centrally confirmed, EGFR-amp newly diagnosed GBM were randomized 1:1 to radiotherapy, temozolomide, and depatux-m/placebo. Corneal epitheliopathy was treated with a combination of protocol-specified prophylactic and supportive measures. There was 85% power to detect a hazard ratio (HR) ≤0.75 for overall survival (OS) at a 2.5% 1-sided significance level (ie traditional two-sided p ≤ 0.05) by log-rank testing. Results There were 639 randomized patients (median age 60, range 22–84; 62% men). Prespecified interim analysis found no improvement in OS for depatux-m over placebo (median 18.9 vs. 18.7 months, HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.82–1.26, 1-sided p = 0.63). Progression-free survival was longer for depatux-m than placebo (median 8.0 vs. 6.3 months; HR 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–1.01, p = 0.029), particularly among those with EGFRvIII-mutant (median 8.3 vs. 5.9 months, HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.93, 1-sided p = 0.002) or MGMT unmethylated (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61–0.97; 1-sided p = 0.012) tumors but without an OS improvement. Corneal epitheliopathy occurred in 94% of depatux-m-treated patients (61% grade 3–4), causing 12% to discontinue. Conclusions Interim analysis demonstrated no OS benefit for depatux-m in treating EGFR-amp newly diagnosed GBM. No new important safety risks were identified.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac173
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
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