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  • Frontiers Media SA  (4)
  • Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen  (4)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_2.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 10 ( 2023-1-4)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2023-1-4)
    Abstract: Insufficient physical activity (IPA) is a significant risk factor for various non-communicable diseases. The Iran action plan is a 20% reduction in IPA. Therefore, we aimed to describe the age and sex pattern of physical activity domains, IPA, the intensity of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and their associates at Iran's national and provincial levels in 2021. Methods This study used the data of the STEPwise Approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS) 2021 in Iran. The STEPS study used the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) version two developed by WHO for the assessment of physical activity, which included work, transport, and recreational activities domains. We showed and compared demographic and clinical characteristics of participants between males and females, using t -test and Chi-square test. A logistic regression model adjusted for residential areas, years of schooling, wealth index, age, marital status, and occupation has also been implemented. The results were presented as percentages and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results We included 27,874 participants with a mean (SD) age of 45.69 (15.91), among whom 12,479 (44.77%) were male. The mean prevalence of IPA for the whole population for all ages was 51.3% (50.62–51.98%). By sex, 41.93% (40.88–42.98%) and 57.87% (56.99–58.75%) of men and women had IPA, respectively. According to the physical activity domains, the age-standardized prevalence of no recreational activity was 79.40% (78.80–79.99%), no activity at work was 66.66% (65.99–67.32%), and no activity at transport was 49.40% (48.68–50.11%) for both sexes combined. Also, the overall age-standardized prevalence of sedentary behaviors was 50.82% (50.11–51.53%). Yazd province represented the highest prevalence of IPA (63.45%), while West Azerbaijan province represented the lowest prevalence (39.53%). Among both sexes, living in the urban area vs. rural area [adjusted OR: 1.44; (1.31–1.58)], married vs. single status [adjusted OR: 1.33; (1.16–1.53)] , and wealth index of class 3 vs. class 1 [adjusted OR: 1.15; (1.01–1.30)] were significantly associated with a higher rate of IPA. Conclusion The prevalence of IPA was considerably high in Iran. To achieve the predefined goal of reducing IPA, the health system should prioritize increasing physical activity, especially in urban areas and among females.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1036219
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1036219.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1036219.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1036219.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1036219.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1036219.s005
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711781-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DataSheet_2.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 12 ( 2022-9-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-9-13)
    Abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer among men worldwide. This study presents estimates of PCa prevalence, incidence, death, years-of-life-lost (YLLs), years-lived-with-disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs), and the burden attributable to smoking during 1990-2019 in North Africa and Middle East using data of Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Study 2019. Methods This study is a part of GBD 2019. Using vital registration and cancer registry data, the estimates on PCa burden were modeled. Risk factor analysis was performed through the six-step conceptual framework of Comparative Risk Assessment. Results The age-standardized rates (95% UI) of PCa incidence, prevalence, and death in 2019 were 23.7 (18.5-27.9), 161.1 (126.6-187.6), and 11.7 (9.4-13.9) per 100,000 population. While PCa incidence and prevalence increased by 77% and 144% during 1990-2019, respectively, the death rate stagnated. Of the 397% increase in PCa new cases, 234% was due to a rise in the age-specific incidence rate, 79% due to population growth, and 84% due to population aging. The YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs of PCa increased by 2% (-11.8-23.1), 108% (75.5-155.1), and 6% (-8.9-28.1). The death rate and DALYs rate attributable to smoking have decreased 12% and 10%, respectively. The DALYs rate attributable to smoking was 37.4 (15.9-67.8) in Lebanon and 5.9 (2.5-10.6) in Saudi Arabia, which were the highest and lowest in the region, respectively. Conclusions The PCa incidence and prevalence rates increased during 1990-2019; however, the death rate stagnated. The increase in the incidence was mostly due to the rise in the age-specific incidence rate, rather than population growth or aging. The burden of PCa attributable to smoking has decreased in the past 30 years.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.961086
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.961086.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.961086.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_4.XLSX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 11 ( 2023-2-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2023-2-24)
    Abstract: Concerns about the role of chronically used medications in the clinical outcomes of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have remarkable potential for the breakdown of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) management by imposing ambivalence toward medication continuation. This study aimed to investigate the association of single or combinations of chronically used medications in NCDs with clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on the intersection of two databases, the Iranian COVID-19 registry and Iran Health Insurance Organization. The primary outcome was death due to COVID-19 hospitalization, and secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, and ventilation therapy. The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system was used for medication grouping. The frequent pattern growth algorithm was utilized to investigate the effect of medication combinations on COVID-19 outcomes. Findings Aspirin with chronic use in 10.8% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients was the most frequently used medication, followed by Atorvastatin (9.2%) and Losartan (8.0%). Adrenergics in combination with corticosteroids inhalants (ACIs) with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.79 (95% confidence interval: 0.68–0.92) were the most associated medications with less chance of ventilation therapy. Oxicams had the least OR of 0.80 (0.73–0.87) for COVID-19 death, followed by ACIs [0.85 (0.77–0.95)] and Biguanides [0.86 (0.82–0.91)] . Conclusion The chronic use of most frequently used medications for NCDs management was not associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes. Thus, when indicated, physicians need to discourage patients with NCDs from discontinuing their medications for fear of possible adverse effects on COVID-19 prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061307
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061307.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061307.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061307.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061307.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061307.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061307.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1061307.s007
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711781-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The effectiveness of fixed speed cameras on Iranian taxi drivers: An evaluation of the influential factors
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 10 ( 2022-8-30)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-8-30)
    Abstract: The adherence to speed limits can reduce deaths associated with road traffic injuries (RTIs) by more than a quarter. This study aimed to evaluate the effective factors on the speeding behavior of Iranian taxi drivers around fixed speed cameras. Method Telematics devices used in this study collected the location and speed of the vehicles. The units of analysis in this study were trips per camera, including 2.5 km before and after each camera. Linear regression analysis was used to identify kangaroo driving (KD), defined as trips with a significant V-shape in speed distribution around the camera. In the clustered camera zones, cameras were placed at regular intervals of approximately 3.5 km. Findings A total of 93,160 trips were recorded from 13,857,443 data points. There was an inverse association between drivers' age and KD with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.98–0.98). The intercity trips had a substantially higher probability of KD than urban trips (OR: 4.94 [4.73–5.16]). The tendency of drivers toward KD during the daylight hours vs. nighttime was significant for both urban (OR: 1.15 [1.06–1.25] ) and intercity (OR: 1.18 [1.14–1.22]) trips. The 4 −8 a.m. period had the highest chance of KD in both urban (10.71% [7.41–14.53] ) and intercity (44.13% [41.18–47.09]) trips. There was a significant decrease in the odds of KD inside the clustered camera zones (OR: 0.22 [0.20–0.25] ). Conclusion The heterogeneous occurrence of KD in different locations and times indicates the necessity of evidence-based decision-making in urban planning to improve safe driving behaviors. The lower occurrence of KD in clustered camera zones could be a practical key to the effective control of speeding behaviors by helping in the efficient placement of cameras through sustainable development of cities and roads.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.964214
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711781-9
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