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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    SfREPAT38 , a pathogen response gene ( REPAT ), is involved in immune response of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae through mediating Toll signalling pathway
    Wiley ; 2024
    In:  Insect Molecular Biology
    Details
    In: Insect Molecular Biology, Wiley
    Abstract: REPAT (response to pathogen) is an immune‐associated gene family that plays important roles in insect immune response to pathogens. Although nine REPAT genes have been identified in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) currently, their functions and mechanisms in the immune response to pathogens still remain unclear. Therefore, SfREPAT38 , a pathogen response gene (REPAT) of S. frugiperda , was characterised and its function was analysed. The results showed that SfREPAT38 contains a signal peptide and a transcription activator MBF2 (multi‐protein bridging factor 2) domain. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that SfREPAT38 was highly expressed in the sixth‐instar larvae (L6) and was the highest in expression in the midgut of L6. We found that the expression of SfREPAT38 could be activated by challenge with four microbial pathogens ( Bacillus thuringiensis , Metarhizium anisopliae , Spodoptera exigua nuclearpolyhedrosis and Escherichia coli ), except 12 h after E. coli infection. Furthermore, the SfREPAT38 expression levels significantly decreased at 24, 48 and 72 h after SfREPAT38 dsRNA injection or feeding. Feeding with SfREPAT38 dsRNA significantly decreased the weight gain of S. frugiperda , and continuous feeding led to the death of S. frugiperda larvae from the fourth day. Moreover, SfREPAT3 8 dsRNA injection resulted in a significant decrease of weight gain on the fifth day. Silencing SfREPAT38 gene down‐regulated the expression levels of immune genes belonging to the Toll pathway, including SPZ , Myd88 , DIF , Cactus , Pell and Toll18W. After treatment with SfREPAT3 8 dsRNA, S. frugiperda became extremely sensitive to the B. thuringiensis infection, and the survival rate dramatically increased, with 100% mortality by the eighth day. The weight of S. frugiperda larvae was also significantly lower than that of the control groups from the second day onwards. In addition, the genes involved in the Toll signalling pathway and a few antibacterial peptide related genes were down‐regulated after treatment. These results showed that SfREPAT38 is involved in the immune response of S. frugiperda larvae through mediating Toll signalling pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1075 , 1365-2583
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/imb.12909
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020348-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
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    ZmRop1 participates in maize defense response to the damage of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae through mediating ROS and soluble phenol production
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Plant Direct Vol. 6, No. 12 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: Plant Direct, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 12 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: As plant‐specific molecular switches, Rho‐like GTPases (Rops) are vital for plant survival in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, their roles in plant defense response to phytophagous insect's damage are largely unknown. In this study, the expression levels of nine maize RAC family genes were analyzed after fall armyworm (FAW) larvae infestation. Among the analyzed genes, ZmRop1 was specifically and highly expressed, and its role in maize response to FAW larvae damage was studied. The results showed that upon FAW larvae infestation, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate treatment ZmRop1 gene transcripts were all down‐regulated. However, upon mechanical injury, the expression level of ZmRop1 was up‐regulated. Overexpression of ZmRop1 gene in maize plants could improve maize plant resistance to FAW larvae damage. Conversely, silencing of ZmRop1 increased maize plant susceptibility to FAW larvae damage. The analysis of the potential anti‐herbivore metabolites, showed that ZmRop1 promoted the enzyme activities of catalase, peroxidase and the expression levels of ZmCAT , ZmPOD , ZmRBOHA and ZmRBOHB , thereby enhancing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, including the content of O 2− and H 2 O 2 . In addition, overexpression or silencing of ZmRop1 could have influence on the content of the total soluble phenol through mediating the activity of polyphenol oxidase. In summary, the results illuminated our understanding of how ZmRop1 participate in maize defense response to FAW larvae damage as a positive regulator through mediating ROS production and can be used as a reference for the green prevention and control of FAW larvae.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2475-4455 , 2475-4455
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/pld3.v6.12
    DOI: 10.1002/pld3.468
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2912669-1
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  • 3
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    Optical transition properties, internal quantum efficiencies, and temperature sensing of Er 3+ doped BaGd 2 O 4 phosphor with low maximum phonon energy
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Journal of the American Ceramic Society Vol. 105, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 3353-3363
    Details
    In: Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Wiley, Vol. 105, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 3353-3363
    Abstract: The hosts with low maximum phonon energy (MPE) are preferred since the nonradiative consumption of the luminescence centers in them are low. Among the low MPE hosts, the oxide ones are more favored owing to their excellent stability and easy synthesis. In this work, the optical and spectroscopic properties of BaGd 2 O 4 :Er 3+ phosphor were studied. The MPE of BaGd 2 O 4 host was observed from Eu 3+ phonon sideband (PSB) spectrum and Raman spectrum to be 477 cm −1 which does not second to the fluoride hosts. The refractive index, which is indispensable for Judd–Ofelt calculation, was confirmed from the both approaches of the Eu 3+ ‐probe and the band gap energy, and the similar refractive indices were confirmed, therefore the average refractive index 2.01 was used in the Judd–Ofelt calculation. The Judd–Ofelt parameters of Er 3+ in BaGd 2 O 4 host was confirmed to be = 7.91 × 10 −21  cm 2 , = 2.36 × 10 −21  cm 2 , and = 9.00 × 10 −22  cm 2 . Furthermore, the internal quantum efficiencies for 4 F 9/2 and 4 I J ( J  = 9/2, 11/2, and 13/2) levels were determined. Finally, the optical temperature sensing properties were studied in detail, and the temperature calibration curve was experimentally derived, meanwhile the maximum absolute sensitivity was confirmed to be 0.0028 K −1 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-7820 , 1551-2916
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jace.v105.5
    DOI: 10.1111/jace.18299
    RVK:
    VA 1120
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008170-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219232-9
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  • 4
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    Methods for Preparing Hierarchical Zeolites by Chemical Etching and Their Catalytic Applications: A Review
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 26, No. 24 ( 2023-08-23)
    Details
    In: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley, Vol. 26, No. 24 ( 2023-08-23)
    Abstract: Zeolites are widely used in petrochemical processes and refineries due to their well‐ordered microporous network and large surface area. However, the diffusion of reactants and products is hampered by the narrow microporous channels, causing limitations. To overcome this challenge, modifying the pore structure is crucial, and the chemical etching technique is a powerful tool that introduces mesopores and macropores, consequently enhancing mass transfer and accessibility. Diverse chemical etching methods have been invented, including exposure to both acids (organic/inorganic acids), alkali (organic/inorganic alkali), and neutral etchants (e. g., ammonium fluoride). This review summarizes and assesses the chemical etching methods and their relevance to catalytic cracking reactions, methanol to hydrocarbons (MTH), and biomass conversion. The potential of zeolites with modified pore structures has motivated researchers to develop novel methods to tackle the practical challenges associated with their applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1434-1948 , 1099-0682
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ejic.v26.24
    DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202300314
    RVK:
    VA 4072.5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475009-0
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  • 5
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    Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance of SAPO‐34 molecular sieves for methanol‐to‐olefin (MTO) reaction
    Wiley ; 2011
    In:  Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2011-07), p. 596-605
    Details
    In: Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2011-07), p. 596-605
    Abstract: The methanol‐to‐olefin (MTO) process is important because it offers an alternative to the conventional oil route for the conversion of natural gas or coal to light olefins. The most promising catalysts for the MTO reaction are solid acids with a zeolite structure, where reactants and products such as ethylene and propylene may freely diffuse through active catalysts, but products with larger kinetic diameters are trapped within the cages. In this work, SAPO‐34 molecular sieves were synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization, using triethylamine (TEA) as the template. These samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermo‐gravimetric analysis–differential scanning calorimetry, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform‐infrared (FT‐IR) and N 2 adsorption–desorption. The effects of template concentration and crystallization time on the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance were investigated. The crystallinity and morphology of SAPO‐34 were influenced by the concentration of the template. Pure SAPO‐34 was obtained when the TEA/Al 2 O 3 molar ratio was higher than 2.0. With increased crystallization time, the Si content in SAPO‐34 crystals increased, which influenced the surface acidity. FT‐IR spectra indicated that all samples were dominated by Lewis acid sites and the sample crystallized for 11 h exhibited the lowest number of Lewis acid sites. The catalytic performance of SAPO‐34 was tested with the MTO reaction. High selectivity to olefins (C 2 H 4 + C 3 H 6 ) was obtained over the catalyst synthesized with a TEA/Al 2 O 3 ratio of 3.0 and crystallization time of 11 h. At the reaction temperature of 450 °C, the methanol conversion approached 100% and the yield of C 2 C 4 olefins was more than 80%. Hence, SAPO‐34 molecular sieves were shown to be excellent catalysts for the MTO reaction. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-2135 , 1932-2143
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/apj.v6.4
    DOI: 10.1002/apj.453
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2276947-X
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  • 6
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    A test of the generality of leaf trait relationships on the Tibetan Plateau
    Wiley ; 2006
    In:  New Phytologist Vol. 170, No. 4 ( 2006-06), p. 835-848
    Details
    In: New Phytologist, Wiley, Vol. 170, No. 4 ( 2006-06), p. 835-848
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-646X , 1469-8137
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/nph.2006.170.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01704.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 208885-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472194-6
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  • 7
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    Relationship between papilla‐related variables and post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: A multicenter, prospective study
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vol. 35, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 2184-2191
    Details
    In: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 2184-2191
    Abstract: Papilla with hooknose or long protruding shape may increase the difficulty of cannulation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, the relationship between papilla anatomy and complications of ERCP has not been fully understood. We aimed to investigate the effect of major duodenal papilla morphology on post‐ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and the procedure of cannulation. Methods Patients with native papilla who underwent ERCP were recruited to this multicenter study. Papilla‐related variables were collected, including the length of long axis (L), short axis (S) and opening width (OW), transverse fold, periampullary diverticulum (PAD), papilla location, orientation, swelling, and presence of duodenal stenosis. Demographic data and the procedure of cannulation were also prospectively evaluated. The primary outcome was PEP incidence. Multivariate analysis was used to identify high risk factors for PEP. Results Six hundred and fifty‐eight patients were enrolled. Overall PEP incidence was 4.7% (31/658). The papilla of patients complicated with PEP had higher long to short axis (L/S) ratio (odds ratio [OR] 3.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] : 1.37–10.74, P  = 0.010), higher long axis to opening width (L/OW) ratio (OR 1.35, 95%CI: 1.06–1.71, P  = 0.014), more transverse folds (OR 2.53, 95%CI: 1.02–6.26, P  = 0.044), and less periampullary diverticulum (OR 0.21, 95%CI: 0.06–0.70, P  = 0.011). Multivariate analysis revealed that the indication of common bile duct stones, normal bilirubin, inadvertent pancreatic duct cannulation 〉  1, L/S ratio ≥ 1.5, and absence of PAD were independent risk factors for PEP. Conclusion Besides patient‐related and procedure‐related factors, papilla‐related variables, such as L/S ratio and PAD, can be considered as a third type of factors associated with PEP ( Clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT03550768).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0815-9319 , 1440-1746
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.v35.12
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15135
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006782-3
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  • 8
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    Vectorial Compound Metapixels for Arbitrary Nonorthogonal Polarization Steganography
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Advanced Materials Vol. 33, No. 43 ( 2021-10)
    Details
    In: Advanced Materials, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 43 ( 2021-10)
    Abstract: Malus’ law regulating the intensity of light when passed through a polarizer, forms the solid basis for image steganography based on orthogonal polarizations of light to convey hidden information without adverse perceptions, which underpins important practices in information encryptions, anti‐counterfeitings, and security labels. Unfortunately, the restriction to orthogonal states being taken for granted in the common perceptions fails to advance cryptoinformation to upgraded levels of security. By introducing a vectorial compound metapixel design, arbitrary nonorthogonal polarization multiplexing of independent grayscale images with high fidelity and strong concealment is demonstrated. The Jones matrix treatment of compound metapixels consisting of double atoms with tailored in‐plane orientation sum and difference allows point‐by‐point configuring of both the amplitude and polarization rotations of the output beam in an analytical and linear form. With this, both multiplexing two continuous grayscale images in arbitrary nonorthogonal polarization angles and concealing grayscale image on another in an arbitrary disclosure angle window are experimentally demonstrated in the visible TiO 2 metasurface platform. The methods shed new light on multifarious metaoptics by harnessing the new degree of freedom and unlock the full potential of metasurface polarization optics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0935-9648 , 1521-4095
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adma.v33.43
    DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103472
    RVK:
    UA 1538
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474949-X
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  • 9
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    Prevalence and associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in the Wuwei cohort of north‐western China
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Tropical Medicine & International Health Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2021-03), p. 290-300
    Details
    In: Tropical Medicine & International Health, Wiley, Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2021-03), p. 290-300
    Abstract: Evaluer la prévalence de l'infection à Helicobacter pylori et les facteurs de risque et déterminer le sérotype des souches à Wuwei, situé dans le nord‐ouest de la Chine, où l'incidence du cancer gastrique est élevée. Méthodes L'infection à H. pylori a été analysée chez 21.291 adultes par un test respiratoire à l'urée au 14 C, et des anticorps à H. pylori ont été détectés dans 9.183 échantillons de sérum par une méthode immuno‐turbidimétrique au latex. La corrélation entre l'infection à H. pylori et les facteurs démographiques et économiques, le mode de vie et les antécédents médicaux des participants a été déterminée par un questionnaire. Les anticorps contre l’uréase de H. pylori , VacA et CagA dans le sérum ont été déterminés par un test dot par d'immuno‐liaison. Résultats Le taux d'infection à H. pylori était 53,0% et 90,1% des souches étaient du type I. Le taux d'infection à H. pylori est plus élevé chez les agriculteurs (OR = 1,34 ; IC95%: 1,19 à 1,50) et les personnes qui avaient un niveau d'instruction du premier cycle secondaire ou supérieur (OR = 1,10 ; IC95%: 01,06 à 01,15) et était plus faible chez les personnes âgées (OR = 0,86 ; IC95%: 0,83‐0,90), les personnes à revenu élevé (OR = 0,93 ; IC95%: 0,90‐0,95), les personnes ayant l'habitude de manger rapidement (OR = 0,93 ; IC9 %: 0,87‐0,99) et les individus qui consommaient plus de fruits et de légumes (OR = 0,90 ; IC95%: 0,85‐0,95). Les personnes ayant des antécédents de cholécystite/cholécystolithiase, d'hypertension et d'asthme avaient une corrélation négative avec l'infection à H. pylori ( p 〈 0,05 ). Conclusion La prévalence de l'infection à H. pylori est élevée à Wuwei. La principale souche répandue est du type I. L'âge, l'éducation, la profession, le revenu du ménage, la consommation de fruits et de légumes et l'habitude de manger rapidement sont des facteurs de risque indépendants d'infection à H. pylori , qui est également associée à des personnes ayant des antécédents de maladies extra‐gastriques.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1360-2276 , 1365-3156
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/tmi.v26.3
    DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13517
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2018112-7
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  • 10
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    Patient‐related factors associated with successful cannulation by trainees during hands‐on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography training
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Digestive Endoscopy Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2019-09), p. 558-565
    Details
    In: Digestive Endoscopy, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2019-09), p. 558-565
    Abstract: Hands‐on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP ) training is essential for trainees to grasp the technique. Cannulation success rate ( CSR ) is considered one of the main indicators of competency of trainees. We aimed to investigate whether patient‐related factors had an impact on the CSR of trainees. Methods A post hoc analysis of data from two multicenter studies ( NCT 02002650 and NCT 03057769) was conducted. Patients aged 18–90 years with native papilla undergoing ERCP were eligible for this study. Only procedures involving trainees in centers strictly following “10‐min criteria” for initial cannulation were enrolled. Primary outcome was CSR by trainees. Results From December 2013 to October 2017, 20 trainees in four centers were involved in initial cannulation in 1044 patients with native papilla. Primary CSR by trainees was 61.0% (436/715), 31.5% (70/222) and 44.9% (48/107) in patients with common bile duct stone ( CBDS ), biliary stricture ( BS ) and other indications, respectively ( P 〈 0.001). In multivariate analysis, indication of BS ( OR , 0.31; 95% CI , 0.22–0.44; P 〈 0.001) and presence of type A diverticulum ( OR , 1.69; 95% CI , 1.23–2.33; P = 0.001) were both independently associated with cannulation success of trainees. Biliary infection was significantly higher in the BS than in the CBDS group (3.6% vs 0.7%, P = 0.004), whereas other post‐ ERCP complications were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions Indication of BS and the presence of type A diverticulum were independently associated with the success of cannulation by trainees. These findings indicate that greater effort is needed for trainees to improve the ability of cannulation in BS .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0915-5635 , 1443-1661
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/den.v31.5
    DOI: 10.1111/den.13377
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020071-7
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