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  • Online Resource  (11)
  • MDPI AG  (11)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications: A Review
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Polymers Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2019-11-24), p. 1933-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2019-11-24), p. 1933-
    Abstract: Since it was first discovered, thousands of years ago, silkworm silk has been known to be an abundant biopolymer with a vast range of attractive properties. The utilization of silk fibroin (SF), the main protein of silkworm silk, has not been limited to the textile industry but has been further extended to various high-tech application areas, including biomaterials for drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. The outstanding mechanical properties of SF, including its facile processability, superior biocompatibility, controllable biodegradation, and versatile functionalization have allowed its use for innovative applications. In this review, we describe the structure, composition, general properties, and structure-properties relationship of SF. In addition, the methods used for the fabrication and modification of various materials are briefly addressed. Lastly, recent applications of SF-based materials for small molecule drug delivery, biological drug delivery, gene therapy, wound healing, and bone regeneration are reviewed and our perspectives on future development of these favorable materials are also shared.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym11121933
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recent Advances in TiO2-Based Photocatalysts for Reduction of CO2 to Fuels
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2020-02-17), p. 337-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2020-02-17), p. 337-
    Abstract: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has attracted increasing attention as a candidate for the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to convert anthropogenic CO2 gas into fuels combined with storage of intermittent and renewable solar energy in forms of chemical bonds for closing the carbon cycle. However, pristine TiO2 possesses a large band gap (3.2 eV), fast recombination of electrons and holes, and low selectivity for the photoreduction of CO2. Recently, considerable progress has been made in the improvement of the performance of TiO2 photocatalysts for CO2 reduction. In this review, we first discuss the fundamentals of and challenges in CO2 photoreduction on TiO2-based catalysts. Next, the recently emerging progress and advances in TiO2 nanostructured and hybrid materials for overcoming the mentioned obstacles to achieve high light-harvesting capability, improved adsorption and activation of CO2, excellent photocatalytic activity, the ability to impede the recombination of electrons-holes pairs, and efficient suppression of hydrogen evolution are discussed. In addition, approaches and strategies for improvements in TiO2-based photocatalysts and their working mechanisms are thoroughly summarized and analyzed. Lastly, the current challenges and prospects of CO2 photocatalytic reactions on TiO2-based catalysts are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano10020337
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Novel Architecture Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene Cocatalysts toward Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production: A Mini-Review
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2020-03-25), p. 602-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2020-03-25), p. 602-
    Abstract: Low dimensional transition metal carbide and nitride (MXenes) have been emerging as frontier materials for energy storage and conversion. Ti3C2Tx was the first MXenes that discovered and soon become the most widely investigated among the MXenes family. Interestingly, Ti3C2Tx exhibits ultrahigh catalytic activity towards the hydrogen evolution reaction. In addition, Ti3C2Tx is electronically conductive, and its optical bandgap is tunable in the visible region, making it become one of the most promising candidates for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this review, we provide comprehensive strategies for the utilization of Ti3C2Tx as a catalyst for improving solar-driven HER, including surface functional groups engineering, structural modification, and cocatalyst coupling. In addition, the reaming obstacle for using these materials in a practical system is evaluated. Finally, the direction for the future development of these materials featuring high photocatalytic activity toward HER is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano10040602
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of FAM13A Gene in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease—A Case Control Study in Vietnam
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Advances in Respiratory Medicine Vol. 91, No. 3 ( 2023-06-15), p. 268-277
    Details
    In: Advances in Respiratory Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 91, No. 3 ( 2023-06-15), p. 268-277
    Abstract: Background: In 2018, GOLD addressed the issues of genotypes associated with risk factors for COPD. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) demonstrated an association between COPD and several genetic variants of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the FAM13A gene with the risk of COPD. Objective: To study the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs2869967 and rs17014601 of the FAM13A gene in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Subjects and research methods: 80 subjects diagnosed with COPD and 80 subjects determined not to have COPD according to GOLD 2020 criteria; the subjects were clinically examined, interviewed, and identified as possessing single nucleotide polymorphisms using the sanger sequencing method on whole blood samples. Results: The male/female ratio of the patient group and the control group was 79/1 and 39/1, respectively. The percentages of C and T alleles of rs2869967 in COPD patients were 50.6% and 49.4%, respectively. The percentages of C and T alleles of rs17014601 in COPD patients were 31.9% and 68.1%, respectively. At rs17014601, the ratio values of alleles T and C in the disease group and the control group were markedly different, making them statistically reliable (p = 0.031). The rate of CT genotype in the group of patients was considerably higher than that of the control group. The TT homozygous genotype had a lower risk of COPD compared with the other genotypes in the dominant model (ORTT/(CC + CT) = 0.441; CI95% = 0.233–0.833); this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.012). Conclusions: With rs17014601, it is characteristic that the frequency of the T allele appears more than the C allele, and the CT heterozygous phenotype accounts for the highest proportion in rs17014601 and rs2869967 recorded in COPD patients. There is an association between the genetic variant of the SNP FAM13A-rs17014601 and the risk of COPD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2543-6031
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/arm91030021
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2893877-X
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    A Review of Bifunctional Catalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Nanoenergy Advances Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-02-02), p. 13-47
    Details
    In: Nanoenergy Advances, MDPI AG, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-02-02), p. 13-47
    Abstract: Zinc–air batteries are promising candidates as stationary power sources because of their high specific energy density, high volumetric energy density, environmental friendliness, and low cost. The oxygen-related reactions at the air electrode are kinetically slow; thus, the air electrode integrated with an oxygen electrocatalyst is the most critical component, and inevitably determines the performance of a Zn–air battery. The aim of this paper was to document progress in researching bifunctional catalysts for Zn–air batteries. The catalysts are divided into several categories: noble metal, metal nanoparticle (single and bimetallic), multicomponent nanoparticle, metal chalcogenide, metal oxide, layered double hydroxide, and non-metal materials. Finally, the battery performance is compared and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-706X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nanoenergyadv3010003
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3136585-1
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Policy of Holding the Second Dose of Vaccination: Lessons from the Outbreak in Ho Chi Minh City
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-01-29), p. 293-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-01-29), p. 293-
    Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a lot of ethical controversy in the equal provision of healthcare, including vaccination. Therefore, our study was designed to assess the impact of Ho Chi Minh City’s policy to hold the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Using a cross-sectional study design to assess low saturation of peripheral oxygen (SPO2) risk based on vaccination status, we included patients who were confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 and were treated at home. The stepwise method was used to determine participants’ low SPO2 risk-related factors. The average age of the 2836 respondents was 46.43 ± 17.33 (years). Research results have shown that seven factors are related to the low SPO2 status of participants, including age, sneezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and fainting as COVID-19 symptoms, the number of people living with COVID-19, and a history of lung disease. A statistically significant (p = 0.032) finding in this study was that fully vaccinated patients had a 6% lower risk of low SPO2 compared to the first dose less than 21 days group. This result was similar in the vaccine holder group (p 〈 0.001). Holding the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine is associated with a lower SPO2 risk than that of fully vaccinated patients. Therefore, this approach should be considered by governments as it could bring a greater benefit to the community.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020293
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Toxicity and Anti-Proliferative Properties of Anisomeles indica Ethanol Extract on Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells and Zebrafish Embryos
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Life Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2021-03-20), p. 257-
    Details
    In: Life, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2021-03-20), p. 257-
    Abstract: In this study, we showed that crude extract of Anisomeles indica (AI-EtE) expressed its toxicity to HeLa cells with an IC50 dose of 38.8 µg/mL and to zebrafish embryos with malformations, lethality and hatching inhibition at 72-hpf at doses higher than 75 µg/mL. More interestingly, flow cytometry revealed that AI-EtE significantly promoted the number of cells entering apoptotic. Accordingly, the transcript levels of BAX, CASPASE-8, and CASPASE-3 in the cells treated with AI-EtE at IC50 dose were 1.55-, 1.62-, and 2.45-fold higher than those in the control cells, respectively. Moreover, treatment with AI-EtE caused cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase in a p53-independent manner. Particularly, percentages of AI-EtE-treated cells in G1, S, G2/M were, respectively 85%, 6.7% and 6.4%; while percentages of control cells in G1, S, G2/M were 64%, 15% and 19%, respectively. Consistent with cell cycle arrest, the expressions of CDKN1A and CDNK2A in AI-EtE-treated cells were up-regulated 1.9- and 1.64-fold, respectively. Significantly, treatment with AI-EtE also decreased anchorage-independent growth of HeLa cells. In conclusion, we suggest that Anisomeles indica can be considered as a medicinal plant with a possible use against cervical cancer cells; however, the used dose should be carefully monitored, especially when applying to pregnant women.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/life11030257
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662250-6
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  • 8
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    Diagnosing Human Fascioliasis Using ELISA Immunoassays at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Hanoi: A Cross-Sectional Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Vol. 7, No. 5 ( 2022-05-17), p. 76-
    Details
    In: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 5 ( 2022-05-17), p. 76-
    Abstract: Infections with the zoonotic liver flukes Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatica may result in severe disease in humans. In Vietnam, an emergence of fascioliasis cases has been observed from the late 1990s onwards. Various diagnostic tools are used in the country, but the agreement between these tools has not been critically evaluated. We aimed to describe the clinical presentation and diagnostic outcomes in fascioliasis patients in Vietnam. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on the medical records of a group of 145 patients diagnosed with fascioliasis at a tertiary referral hospital in Hanoi. Based on the review, sociodemographic background and clinical presentation were recorded. These patients all received standard routine serologic tests, including internal antibody (Ab)-ELISA, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and commercial coproantigen (cAg)-ELISA. The majority of cases were between 30 and 59 years old (68.3%), and about half of them were male (51.0%). Upper quadrant and epigastric pain were the most commonly reported symptoms (61.4% and 35.2%, respectively). All but one patient had liver lesions upon ultrasound examination (99.3%), and eosinophilia was present in most of the patients (89.7%). A high number of patients were positive in the in-house and the commercial Ab-ELISA (95.9% and 87.4%, respectively), yet only a slight agreement was observed between the two tests (kappa coefficient, 0.06). A further 47.4% of cases were positive for the commercial cAg-ELISA, whereas stool microscopy indicated the presence of Fasciola spp. eggs in 25.7% of patients. The current study emphasizes the challenges related to the diagnosis of human fascioliasis in Vietnam.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2414-6366
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7050076
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934690-3
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  • 9
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    Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Based on Rabeprazole–Bismuth–Tetracycline–Tinidazole Regimen in Vietnamese Patients with Duodenal Ulcers
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Gastroenterology Insights Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2022-10-22), p. 365-376
    Details
    In: Gastroenterology Insights, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2022-10-22), p. 365-376
    Abstract: (1) Background: In Vietnam, H. pylori bacteria has a resistance rate of 63% to the antibiotic clarithromycin. The initial therapy of H. pylori eradication with a standard three-drug regimen has low efficacy. Objective: Assess the efficacy of H. pylori eradication therapy which uses a four-drug regimen of rabeprazole–bismuth–tetracycline–tinidazole in patients with duodenal ulcers. (2) Methods: We performed gastrointestinal endoscopy on patients with a diagnosis of duodenal ulcers, gastric mucosa biopsy for a rapid urease test, and histopathology to diagnose H. pylori bacteria before and after treatment. Treatment for eradication of H. pylori bacteria using a rabeprazole–bismuth–tetracycline–tinidazole regimen was prescribed for 14 days. (3) Results: The rate of successful H. pylori eradication treatment according to per protocol (PP) and intention to treat (ITT) was 91.3% (95%CI: 84.8–96.7) and 82.4% (95%CI: 74.5–89.2) respectively. The success rate of H. pylori eradication therapy in males was 96.0% (95%CI: 92–100), higher than in females, which was 70.6% (95%CI: 47.1–88.2), p 〈 0.01. (4) Conclusions: Treatment of H. pylori with rabeprazole–bismuth–tetracycline–tinidazole regimen is highly effective. Men had higher H. pylori eradication results than women.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2036-7422
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13040036
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2569126-0
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  • 10
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    Serological and Molecular Epidemiology of Chikungunya Virus Infection in Vietnam, 2017–2019
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Viruses Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2023-10-08), p. 2065-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2023-10-08), p. 2065-
    Abstract: Chikungunya fever is an acute febrile illness caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), which is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Since 1965, only a few studies with limited scope have been conducted on CHIKV in Vietnam. Thus, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and molecular epidemiology of CHIKV infection among febrile patients in Vietnam from 2017 to 2019. A total of 1063 serum samples from 31 provinces were collected and tested for anti-CHIKV IgM and IgG ELISA. The 50% focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT50) was used to confirm CHIKV-neutralizing antibodies. Quantitative real-time RT–PCR (RT–qPCR) was performed to confirm the presence of the CHIKV genome. The results showed that 15.9% (169/1063) of the patients had anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies, 20.1% (214/1063) had anti-CHIKV IgG antibodies, 10.4% (111/1063) had CHIKV-neutralizing antibodies, and 27.7% (130/469) of the samples were positive in RT–qPCR analysis. The E1 CHIKV genome sequences were detected among the positive RT–qPCR samples. Our identified sequences belonged to the East/Central/South/African (ECSA) genotype, which has been prevalent in Vietnam previously, suggesting CHIKV has been maintained and is endemic in Vietnam. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of CHIKV infection in Vietnam and calls for an annual surveillance program to understand its impact.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v15102065
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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