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  • 1
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    Mid-infrared luminosity function of local star-forming galaxies in the North Ecliptic Pole-Wide survey field of AKARI (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-08
    Description: We present mid-infrared (MIR) luminosity functions (LFs) of local ( z  〈 0.3) star-forming (SF) galaxies in the AKARI 's North Ecliptic Pole (NEP)-Wide survey field. In order to derive more accurate LF, we used spectroscopic sample only. Based on the NEP-Wide point source catalogue containing a large number of infrared (IR) sources distributed over the wide (5.4 deg 2 ) field, we incorporated the spectroscopic redshift ( z ) data for ~1790 selected targets obtained by optical follow-up surveys with MMT/Hectospec and WIYN/Hydra. The AKARI 's continuous 2–24 μm wavelength coverage as well as photometric data from optical u * band to near-infrared H band with the spectroscopic redshifts for our sample galaxies enable us to derive accurate spectral energy distributions (SEDs) in the MIR. We carried out SED fit analysis and employed 1/ V max method to derive the MIR (e.g. 8, 12, and 15 μm rest-frame) LFs. We fit our 8 μm LFs to the double power-law with the power index of α = 1.53 and β = 2.85 at the break luminosity 4.95  x  10 9 L . We made extensive comparisons with various MIR LFs from several literatures. Our results for local galaxies from the NEP region are generally consistent with other works for different fields over wide luminosity ranges. The comparisons with the results from the NEP-Deep data as well as other LFs imply the luminosity evolution from higher redshifts towards the present epoch.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    The 2-24 {mu}m source counts from the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole survey (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-09-12
    Description: We present herein galaxy number counts of the nine bands in the 2–24 μm range on the basis of the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) surveys. The number counts are derived from NEP-deep and NEP-wide surveys, which cover areas of 0.5 and 5.8 deg 2 , respectively. To produce reliable number counts, the sources were extracted from recently updated images. Completeness and difference between observed and intrinsic magnitudes were corrected by Monte Carlo simulation. Stellar counts were subtracted by using the stellar fraction estimated from optical data. The resultant source counts are given down to the 80 per cent completeness limit; 0.18, 0.16, 0.10, 0.05, 0.06, 0.10, 0.15, 0.16 and 0.44 mJy in the 2.4, 3.2, 4.1, 7, 9, 11, 15, 18 and 24 μm bands, respectively. On the bright side of all bands, the count distribution is flat, consistent with the Euclidean universe, while on the faint side, the counts deviate, suggesting that the galaxy population of the distant universe is evolving. These results are generally consistent with previous galaxy counts in similar wavebands. We also compare our counts with evolutionary models and find them in good agreement. By integrating the models down to the 80 per cent completeness limits, we calculate that the AKARI NEP survey revolves 20–50 per cent of the cosmic infrared background, depending on the wavebands.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Evolution of mid-infrared galaxy luminosity functions from the entire AKARI NEP deep field with new CFHT photometry (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: We present infrared (IR) galaxy luminosity functions (LFs) in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) deep field using recently-obtained, wider Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) optical/near-IR images. AKARI has obtained deep images in the mid-infrared (IR), covering 0.6 deg 2 of the NEP deep field. However, our previous work was limited to the central area of 0.25 deg 2 due to the lack of optical coverage of the full AKARI NEP survey. To rectify the situation, we recently obtained CFHT optical and near-IR images over the entire AKARI NEP deep field. These new CFHT images are used to derive accurate photometric redshifts, allowing us to fully exploit the whole AKARI NEP deep field. AKARI 's deep, continuous filter coverage in the mid-IR wavelengths (2.4, 3.2, 4.1, 7, 9, 11, 15, 18, and 24 μm) exists nowhere else, due to filter gaps of other space telescopes. It allows us to estimate rest-frame 8 and 12 μm luminosities without using a large extrapolation based on spectral energy distribution fitting, which was the largest uncertainty in previous studies. Total infrared (TIR) luminosity is also obtained more reliably due to the superior filter coverage. The resulting rest-frame 8 and 12 μm, and TIR LFs at 0.15 〈  z  〈 2.2 are consistent with previous works, but with reduced uncertainties, especially at the high-luminosity end, thanks to the wide-field coverage. In terms of cosmic infrared luminosity density ( IR ), we found that the IR evolves as (1 +  z ) 4.2 ± 0.4 .
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    A DNMT3A mutation common in AML exhibits dominant-negative effects in murine ES cells (2013)
    American Society of Hematology (ASH)
    In: Blood
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-13
    Description: Somatic heterozygous mutations of the DNA methyltransferase gene DNMT3A occur frequently in acute myeloid leukemia and other hematological malignancies, with the majority (~60%) of mutations affecting a single amino acid, Arg882 (R882), in the catalytic domain. Although the mutations impair DNMT3A catalytic activity in vitro, their effects on DNA methylation in cells have not been explored. Here, we show that exogenously expressed mouse Dnmt3a proteins harboring the corresponding R878 mutations largely fail to mediate DNA methylation in murine embryonic stem (ES) cells but are capable of interacting with wild-type Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b. Coexpression of the Dnmt3a R878H (histidine) mutant protein results in inhibition of the ability of wild-type Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b to methylate DNA in murine ES cells. Furthermore, expression of Dnmt3a R878H in ES cells containing endogenous Dnmt3a or Dnmt3b induces hypomethylation. These results suggest that the DNMT3A R882 mutations, in addition to being hypomorphic, have dominant-negative effects.
    Keywords: Myeloid Neoplasia, Brief Reports
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology (ASH)
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  • 5
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    Platelets and neutrophil extracellular traps collaborate to promote intravascular coagulation during sepsis in mice (2017)
    American Society of Hematology (ASH)
    In: Blood
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-10
    Description: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs; webs of DNA coated in antimicrobial proteins) are released into the vasculature during sepsis where they contribute to host defense, but also cause tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Various components of NETs have also been implicated as activators of coagulation. Using multicolor confocal intravital microscopy in mouse models of sepsis, we observed profound platelet aggregation, thrombin activation, and fibrin clot formation within (and downstream of) NETs in vivo. NETs were critical for the development of sepsis-induced intravascular coagulation regardless of the inciting bacterial stimulus (gram-negative, gram-positive, or bacterial products). Removal of NETs via DNase infusion, or in peptidylarginine deiminase-4–deficient mice (which have impaired NET production), resulted in significantly lower quantities of intravascular thrombin activity, reduced platelet aggregation, and improved microvascular perfusion. NET-induced intravascular coagulation was dependent on a collaborative interaction between histone H4 in NETs, platelets, and the release of inorganic polyphosphate. Real-time perfusion imaging revealed markedly improved microvascular perfusion in response to the blockade of NET-induced coagulation, which correlated with reduced markers of systemic intravascular coagulation and end-organ damage in septic mice. Together, these data demonstrate, for the first time in an in vivo model of infection, a dynamic NET–platelet–thrombin axis that promotes intravascular coagulation and microvascular dysfunction in sepsis.
    Keywords: Phagocytes, Granulocytes, and Myelopoiesis, Platelets and Thrombopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology (ASH)
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  • 6
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    Intraocular involvement of mycosis fungoides associated with immunophenotypic switch from CD4+ to CD8+ (2018)
    American Society of Hematology (ASH)
    In: Blood
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Keywords: Lymphoid Neoplasia
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology (ASH)
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  • 7
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    The effective cross-sections of a lensing galaxy: singular isothermal sphere with external shear (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-07-12
    Description: We present numerical studies of the imaging and caustic properties of the singular isothermal sphere (SIS) under a wide range of external shear (from 0.0 to 2.0). Using a direct inverse-mapping formula for this lensing system,we investigate various lensing properties for both low-shear (i.e.  〈 1.0) and high-shear (i.e.  〉 1.0) cases: the image separations, the total or individual magnifications, the flux ratios of two images, the maximum number of images and the lensing cross-sections. We systematically analyse the effective lensing cross-sections of double-lensing and quadruple-lensing systems, based on the radio luminosity function obtained by the Jodrell–VLA Astrometric Survey (JVAS) and the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS). We find that the limit of a survey selection bias (i.e. between brighter and fainter images) preferentially reduces the effective lensing cross-sections of two-image lensing systems. By considering the effects of survey selection bias, we demonstrate that the long-standing anomaly over the high quads-to-doubles ratios (i.e. 50–70 per cent for JVAS and CLASS) can be explained by the moderate effective shear of 0.16–0.18, which is half that of previous estimates. The derived inverse-mapping formula could make the SIS + shear lensing model useful for galaxy-lensing simulations.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    The first source counts at 18 {mu}m from the AKARI NEP Survey (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-25
    Description: We present the first galaxy counts at 18 μm using the Japanese AKARI satellite's survey at the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP), produced from the images from the NEP-Deep and NEP-Wide surveys covering 0.6 and 5.8 deg 2 , respectively. We describe a procedure using a point source filtering algorithm to remove background structure and a minimum variance method for our source extraction and photometry that delivers the optimum signal to noise for our extracted sources, confirming this by comparison with standard photometry methods. The final source counts are complete and reliable over three orders of magnitude in flux density, resulting in sensitivities (80 per cent completeness) of 0.15 and 0.3 mJy for the NEP-Deep and NEP-Wide surveys, respectively, a factor of 1.3 deeper than previous catalogues constructed from this field. The differential source counts exhibit a characteristic upturn from Euclidean expectations at around a milliJansky and a corresponding evolutionary bump between 0.2–0.4 mJy consistent with previous mid-infrared surveys with ISO and Spitzer at 15 and 24 μm. We compare our results with galaxy evolution models confirming the striking divergence from the non-evolving scenario. The models and observations are in broad agreement implying that the source counts are consistent with a strongly evolving population of luminous infrared galaxies at redshifts higher than unity. Integrating our source counts down to the limit of the NEP survey at the 150 μJy level we calculate that AKARI has resolved approximately 55 per cent of the 18 μm cosmic infrared background relative to the predictions of contemporary source count models.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    PD1 blockade with pembrolizumab is highly effective in relapsed or refractory NK/T-cell lymphoma failing L-asparaginase (2017)
    American Society of Hematology (ASH)
    In: Blood
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-28
    Description: Natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas failing L-asparaginse regimens have no known salvage and are almost invariably fatal. Seven male patients with NK/T-cell lymphoma (median age, 49 years; range, 31-68 years) for whom a median of 2 (range, 1-5) regimens (including l -asparaginase regimens and allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation [HSCT] in 2 cases) failed were treated with the anti–programmed death 1 (PD1) antibody pembrolizumab. All patients responded, according to various clinical, radiologic (positron emission tomography), morphologic, and molecular (circulating Epstein-Barr virus [EBV] DNA) criteria. Two patients achieved complete response (CR) in all parameters. Three patients achieved clinical and radiologic CRs, with two having molecular remission (undetectable EBV DNA) but minimal EBV-encoded RNA-positive cells in lesions comprising predominantly CD3 + CD4 + and CD3 + CD8 + T cells (which ultimately disappeared, suggesting they represented pseudoprogression) and one having detectable EBV DNA despite morphologic CR. Two patients achieved partial response (PR). After a median of 7 (range, 2-13) cycles of pembrolizumab and a follow-up of a median of 6 (range, 2-10) months, all five CR patients were still in remission. The only adverse event was grade 2 skin graft-versus-host disease in one patient with previous allogeneic HSCT. Expression of the PD1 ligand was strong in 4 patients (3 achieving CR) and weak in 1 (achieving PR). PD1 blockade with pembrolizumab was a potent strategy for NK/T-cell lymphomas failing l -asparaginase regimens.
    Keywords: Immunobiology, Free Research Articles, Lymphoid Neoplasia, Brief Reports, Clinical Trials and Observations
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology (ASH)
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  • 10
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    SMILE for natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: analysis of safety and efficacy from the Asia Lymphoma Study Group (2012)
    American Society of Hematology (ASH)
    In: Blood
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-10-12
    Description: Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma is rare and aggressive, with poor outcome. Optimal treatment remains unclear. A novel regimen dexamethasone, methotrexate, ifosfamide, l -asparaginase, and etoposide (SMILE) showed promise in phase 1/2 studies with restrictive recruitment criteria. To define the general applicability of SMILE, 43 newly diagnosed and 44 relapsed/refractory patients (nasal, N = 60, nonnasal, N = 21; disseminated, N = 6; male, N = 59; female, N = 28) at a median age of 51 years (23-83 years) were treated. Poor-risk factors included stage III/IV disease (56%), international prognostic index of 3 to 5 (43%), and Korean prognostic scores of 3 to 4 (41%). A median of 3 (0-6; total = 315) courses of SMILE were administered. Significant toxicities included grade 3/4 neutropenia (N = 57; 5 sepsis-related deaths); grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia (N = 36); and nephrotoxicity (N = 15; 1 acute renal failure and death). Interim analysis after 2 to 3 cycles showed complete remission rate of 56%, partial remission rate of 22%, giving an overall response rate of 78%. On treatment completion, the overall-response rate became 81% (complete remission = 66%, partial remission = 15%). Response rates were similar for newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory patients. At a median follow-up of 31 months (1-84 months), the 5-year overall survival was 50% and 4-year disease-free-survival was 64%. Multivariate analysis showed that international prognostic index was the most significant factor impacting on outcome and survivals.
    Keywords: Free Research Articles, Lymphoid Neoplasia, Clinical Trials and Observations
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology (ASH)
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