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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Investigation on spatially separated atomic layer deposition by gas flow simulation and depositing Al2O3 films
    American Vacuum Society ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films Vol. 30, No. 5 ( 2012-09-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, American Vacuum Society, Vol. 30, No. 5 ( 2012-09-01)
    Abstract: Al2O3 thin films were deposited using tri-methyl aluminum and ozone by spatially separated atomic layer deposition (SALD). A large gap was kept between the reactor and substrates in an attempt to enhance the process gas flow. According to simulation data and deposition results, strong edge pumping for the dominantly lateral flow improved the gas isolation and deposition was very effective, with a resulting gap height of 5 mm. To compare this SALD process with conventional atomic layer deposition (ALD), the authors examined how the amount of source supplied, the deposition temperature, and the number of rotations affected the growth rate. The growth rate per rotation was saturated at ∼0.12 nm/rotation at a deposition temperature of 250 °C, which is comparable to the saturated growth rate of the same film using conventional ALD. The dielectric constant of the films was ∼8 and the film with a capacitance equivalent thickness of 3.2 nm had a leakage level of 9.8 × 10−8 A/cm2 (at −1 V). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy peak area analysis indicates that the films deposited by SALD consist of Al2O3. This indicates that SALD is a viable option for several mass-production applications that require high throughput.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0734-2101 , 1520-8559
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1116/1.4737123
    RVK:
    UA 4921
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Vacuum Society
    Publication Date: 2012
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 797704-9
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  • 2
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    Optimization of Median Modified Wiener Filter for Improving Lung Segmentation Performance in Low-Dose Computed Tomography Images
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2023-09-26), p. 10679-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2023-09-26), p. 10679-
    Abstract: In low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), lung segmentation effectively improves the accuracy of lung cancer diagnosis. However, excessive noise is inevitable in LDCT, which can decrease lung segmentation accuracy. To address this problem, it is necessary to derive an optimized kernel size when using the median modified Wiener filter (MMWF) for noise reduction. Incorrect application of the kernel size can result in inadequate noise removal or blurring, degrading segmentation accuracy. Therefore, various kernel sizes of the MMWF were applied in this study, followed by region-growing-based segmentation and quantitative evaluation. In addition to evaluating the segmentation performance, we conducted a similarity assessment. Our results indicate that the greatest improvement in segmentation performance and similarity was at a kernel size 5 × 5. Compared with the noisy image, the accuracy, F1-score, intersection over union, root mean square error, and peak signal-to-noise ratio using the optimized MMWF were improved by factors of 1.38, 33.20, 64.86, 7.82, and 1.30 times, respectively. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that by applying the MMWF with an appropriate kernel size, the optimization of noise and blur reduction can enhance segmentation performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app131910679
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 3
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    Ti gate compatible with atomic-layer-deposited HfO2 for n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor devices
    AIP Publishing ; 2005
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 86, No. 9 ( 2005-02-28)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 86, No. 9 ( 2005-02-28)
    Abstract: The electrical characteristics were evaluated for the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices with Ti and Pt gates on the atomic-layer-deposited (ALD) HfO2. The equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of the Ti gate is shown to be nearly the same as that of the Pt gate, which means that a negligible chemical reaction occurs between the gate and dielectric. The values of the effective metal work function (Φm,eff), extracted from the conventional relations of flatband voltage versus EOT, were ∼4.2eV for Ti and ∼5.4eV for Pt, respectively. However, somewhat higher values of Φm,eff were extracted by considering the existence of an interfacial layer and the high negative charge at an interface between HfO2 and interfacial layer. The exact values of Φm,eff were ∼4.37eV for Ti and ∼5.51eV for Pt, respectively. Therefore, the Ti gate is compatible with ALD-HfO2 and can be a candidate for n-type MOS devices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1871362
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 4
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    An Experimental Test of How Selfies Change Social Judgments on Facebook
    Mary Ann Liebert Inc ; 2017
    In:  Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking Vol. 20, No. 10 ( 2017-10), p. 610-614
    Details
    In: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, Mary Ann Liebert Inc, Vol. 20, No. 10 ( 2017-10), p. 610-614
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2152-2715 , 2152-2723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2016.0759
    Language: English
    Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2545735-4
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 5
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    Making Sense of Foreign Language Posts in Social Media
    Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) ; 2017
    In:  Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Vol. 1, No. CSCW ( 2017-12-06), p. 1-16
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), Vol. 1, No. CSCW ( 2017-12-06), p. 1-16
    Abstract: Many people's social media feeds include posts in languages they do not understand. While previous research has examined bilingual social media users' language choices, little research has focused on how people make sense of foreign language posts. In the present study, we interviewed 23 undergraduate social media users about how they consume and make sense of posts in other languages. Interviewees reported that they often did not pay attention to or engage with foreign language posts, due to a lack of relevance and contextual knowledge. When they did actively engage with foreign language posts, interviewees did not rely solely on machine translation output but instead actively collected and combined various cues from within and outside the post in order to understand what it was about. Interviewees further reported different types of goals for trying to make sense of foreign language posts; some focused on simply extracting and understanding the emotional components of a post while others tried to gain a fuller understanding of a post, including its contextual and cultural meanings. Based on these findings, we suggest design possibilities that could better aid multilingual communication in social media.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2573-0142
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1145/3134704
    Language: English
    Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2930194-4
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  • 6
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    Reduction in the Interfacial Trap Density of Al 2 O 3 /GaAs Gate Stack by Adopting High Pressure Oxidation
    The Electrochemical Society ; 2014
    In:  ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology Vol. 3, No. 12 ( 2014), p. Q232-Q235
    Details
    In: ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 3, No. 12 ( 2014), p. Q232-Q235
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2162-8769 , 2162-8777
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1149/2.0101412jss
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 7
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    How Emotional and Contextual Annotations Involve in Sensemaking Processes of Foreign Language Social Media Posts
    Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) ; 2019
    In:  Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Vol. 3, No. CSCW ( 2019-11-07), p. 1-18
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), Vol. 3, No. CSCW ( 2019-11-07), p. 1-18
    Abstract: The goal of this paper is to investigate how computational tools to annotate communication can support multilingual sense-making on social media. We conducted a field study of SenseTrans, a browser extension that uses sentiment analysis and named entity extraction techniques to annotate Facebook posts with emotional and contextual information. Interviews with 18 participants who used SenseTrans in their Facebook newsfeed for two weeks suggest that the annotations often supported sensemaking by providing additional information they could use to get a quick gist of the posts or to supplement their own interpretations. Participants varied in the extent to which they were motivated to evaluate the credibility of and form mental models of how the annotations were generated, which shaped how they utilized the annotations for sensemaking. Our findings demonstrate the value of designing to support cross-lingual communication and inform design implications for intelligent tools that support communication and sensemaking.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2573-0142
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1145/3359171
    Language: English
    Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2930194-4
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  • 8
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    Distraction or Life Saver? : The Role of Technology in Undergraduate Students' Boundary Management Strategies
    Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) ; 2017
    In:  Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Vol. 1, No. CSCW ( 2017-12-06), p. 1-18
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), Vol. 1, No. CSCW ( 2017-12-06), p. 1-18
    Abstract: Previous research has shown that communication technologies may make it challenging for working professionals to manage the boundaries between their work life and home life. For college students, however, there is a less clear definition of what constitutes work and what constitutes home life. As a result, students may use different boundary management strategies than working professionals. To explore this issue, we interviewed 29 undergraduates about how they managed boundaries between different areas of their life. Interviewees reported maintaining flexible and permeable boundaries that are not bounded physically or temporally. They used both technological and non-technological strategies to manage different life spheres. Interviewees saw technology as a major source of boundary violations but also as a boundary managing strategy that allowed them to achieve better life balance. Based on these findings, we propose design implications for tools to better support the boundary management processes of undergraduate students.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2573-0142
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1145/3134703
    Language: English
    Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2930194-4
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  • 9
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    Understanding Cross-lingual Pragmatic Misunderstandings in Email Communication
    Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) ; 2022
    In:  Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Vol. 6, No. CSCW1 ( 2022-03-30), p. 1-32
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), Vol. 6, No. CSCW1 ( 2022-03-30), p. 1-32
    Abstract: Communication tools such as email facilitate communication and collaboration between speakers of different languages, who use two primary strategies-English as a common language and machine translation (MT) tools-to help them overcome language barriers. However, each of these communication strategies creates its own challenges for cross-lingual communication. In this paper, we compare how people's interpretations of an email sender's social intention, and their evaluation of the email and the senders, differ when using a common language versus MT in email communication. We conducted an online experiment in which monolingual native English speakers read and rated request emails written by native English speakers, emails written by bilingual Chinese speakers in English, and emails written in Chinese then machine-translated into English. We found that participants interpreted the social intentions of the email sender less accurately for machine-translated emails than for emails written by non-native speakers in English. Participants also rated the senders and emails less positively overall for machine-translated emails compared to emails written by non-native speakers in English. Based on these findings, we suggest design possibilities that could better aid multilingual communication.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2573-0142
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1145/3512976
    Language: English
    Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2930194-4
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  • 10
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    Facebook Experiences of Users With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Think-Aloud Study
    JMIR Publications Inc. ; 2022
    In:  JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2022-12-16), p. e39984-
    Details
    In: JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies, JMIR Publications Inc., Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2022-12-16), p. e39984-
    Abstract: A critical gap in our knowledge about social media is whether we can alleviate accessibility barriers and challenges for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), to improve their social participation and health. To do this, we need real-time information about these barriers and challenges, to design appropriate aids. Objective The aim of this study was to characterize the ways people with TBI accessed and used social media websites and understand unique challenges they faced. Methods We invited 8 adults with moderate to severe TBI to log onto their own Facebook page and use it as they regularly would while thinking aloud. Their comments were recorded and transcribed for qualitative analysis. We first analyzed participants’ utterances using a priori coding based on a framework proposed by Meshi et al to classify adults’ motives for accessing social media. We next used an open coding method to understand the challenges that people with TBI faced while using Facebook. In other words, we analyzed participants’ needs for using Facebook and then identified Facebook features that made it challenging for them to meet those needs. Results Participants used all categories of codes in the framework by Meshi et al and provided detailed feedback about the Facebook user interface. A priori coding revealed 2 dimensions that characterized participants’ Facebook use: whether they were active or passive about posting and self-disclosure on Facebook and their familiarity and fluency in using Facebook. The open coding analysis revealed 6 types of challenges reported by participants with TBI, including difficulty with language production and interpretation, attention and information overload, perceptions of negativity and emotional contagion, insufficient guidance to use Facebook, concerns about web-based scams and frauds, and general accessibility concerns. Conclusions Results showed that individuals with TBI used Facebook for the same reasons typical adults do, suggesting that it can help increase social communication and reduce isolation and loneliness. Participants also identified barriers, and we propose modifications that could improve access for individuals with brain injury. On the basis of identified functions and challenges, we conclude by proposing design ideas for social media support tools that can promote more active use of social media sites by adults with TBI.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2369-2529
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2196/39984
    Language: English
    Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2798120-4
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