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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Disappearance of Pacific Water in the northwestern Fram Strait : DISAPPEARANCE OF PACIFIC WATER
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2005
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 32, No. 14 ( 2005-07-28), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 32, No. 14 ( 2005-07-28), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2005GL023400
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2005
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Variability in the Greenland Sea as revealed by a repeated high spatial resolution conductivity‐temperature‐depth survey
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1993
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 98, No. C6 ( 1993-06-15), p. 9985-10000
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 98, No. C6 ( 1993-06-15), p. 9985-10000
    Abstract: This paper deals with the mesoscale variability of water masses in the Greenland Sea and its implications for bottom water formation. The results are based on two conductivity‐temperature‐depth surveys performed in successive years. The same section in the central Greenland Basin was sampled in 1989 and 1990; an additional transect across Fram Strait was carried out in 1990. The transects extended from shelf to shelf with a station spacing of 18 km throughout. The data set reveals a surprisingly strong horizontal variability of space scales between 20 and 60 km in the entire Greenland Sea, not only in the frontal zones. The area investigated is subdivided into four hydrographical regimes for which mesoscale variability is discussed in detail. A noteworthy result is the major change of the deep‐sea thermal structure within 1 year. The classical pattern with upward doming cold waters in the central basin was found in 1989 but was replaced by a “capped” structure with a warm intermediate layer in 1990. The implications of the observed changes are discussed with respect to deep water formation. A mechanism, based on differential compressibility, is proposed which is able to introduce negative heat input selectively into the bottom layer. It is shown that the fine structure of temperature profiles observed in summer can be used as a tracer for the occurrence of deep convection during the preceding winter. Convective depths are concluded of about 2200 m for 1989 and of only about 250 m for 1990.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/93JC00142
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1993
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Winter convective events and bottom water warming in the Greenland Sea
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 103, No. C9 ( 1998-08-15), p. 18513-18527
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. C9 ( 1998-08-15), p. 18513-18527
    Abstract: From observations on yearly cruises to the central Greenland Sea between 1993 and 1996, conclusions are drawn with respect to winter convection and bottom water renewal. The data indicate that winter convection was extremely weak after 1993, not even ventilating the intermediate waters. This is remarkable, since the salinities in the upper layers increased considerably between 1993 and 1995, thus providing presumably favorable conditions for winter convection. With the absence of deep reaching winter convective events, the temperatures in the deeper waters of the Greenland Gyre increased steadily by about 0.03 K between 1993 and 1996. We conclude from the development of mainly the thermal structure on a zonal transect that an explanation for the temperature increase can be given by a large‐scale downward water movement of about 150 m/yr in the central Greenland Sea. The data indicate that this process is independent of changes in the dynamically induced density distribution. It is therefore possible that a downward movement, perhaps masked by other processes, may continue for many years. If this is the case, resulting flushing times would be of the order of 20–30 years only. The presence of a large‐scale circulation cell with downward movement in the central Greenland Gyre would explain the observed warming of the bottom waters without the demand for an actually active heat source. It is also in accordance with the observed increase of chemical tracer concentrations in the deep waters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98JC01563
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the generation of the Northeast Water Polynya
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1995
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 100, No. C3 ( 1995-03-15), p. 4269-4286
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 100, No. C3 ( 1995-03-15), p. 4269-4286
    Abstract: In spring and summer of 1993 a multidisciplinary survey of the Northeast Water (NEW) Polynya, located on the continental shelf northeast of Greenland, was undertaken by R/V Polarstern. Hydrographic and remotely sensed data from this expedition are analyzed with respect to the generation and the seasonal development of the NEW. Its formation is concluded to result from the combined effect of a fast ice barrier, extending perpendicular from the coast and bridging a trough system, and a northward flowing coastal current. The fast ice barrier protects the region downstream of it from ice import while current driven ice export continues. The temporal development and spatial distribution of hydrographie parameters in the NEW is primarily controlled by its generation mechanism. Continental and sea ice melt induce vertical stability in certain parts of the polynya, giving rise to enhanced primary production there.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/94JC02349
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1995
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fate of vent-derived methane in seawater above the Håkon Mosby mud volcano (Norwegian Sea)
    Elsevier BV ; 2003
    In:  Marine Chemistry Vol. 82, No. 1-2 ( 2003-6), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: Marine Chemistry, Elsevier BV, Vol. 82, No. 1-2 ( 2003-6), p. 1-11
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-4203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4203(03)00031-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2003
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  • 6
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    The anatomy of the Arctic Frontal Zone in the Greenland Sea
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1995
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 100, No. C8 ( 1995-08-15), p. 15999-16014
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 100, No. C8 ( 1995-08-15), p. 15999-16014
    Abstract: From a series of two‐dimensional expendable bathythermograph (XBT) surveys, conductivity‐temperature‐depth (CTD) sections, surface drifters, and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations, the properties and structure of the Arctic Frontal Zone in the Greenland Sea have been determined. The Arctic Frontal Zone appears to be a large‐scale, climatic “multifrontal” frontal zone. The structure of the frontal zone can be discerned from subsurface as well as from surface hydrographic parameters, even in summer, when a seasonal thermocline covers the subsurface hydrographie structure. The Arctic Frontal Zone consists of two semipermanent frontal interfaces with warm, saline Norwegian Atlantic Water to the east and Arctic Water from the Greenland Sea gyre to the west. The two frontal interfaces are bounding a band of shallow cyclonic cold eddies and anticyclonic warm eddies with horizontal scales of the order of 40–50 km. The typical diameter of the eddies can be scaled with the local internal Rossby radius of deformation. The eddy kinetic energy of the surface flow in the frontal zone is of the order of 60 to 85 cm 2 s −2 . The zonal density gradient in the Arctic Frontal Zone maintains a mean northward geostrophic transport of 3.8 Sv, averaged over a number of cruises. This transport is mainly connected with the frontal interface on the western side of the warm and saline Norwegian Atlantic Water. The estimated cross‐frontal eddy transports of heat and salt appear to be of considerable importance for the conditioning of the Greenland Sea gyre.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/95JC01176
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1995
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the hydrography of the Northeast Water Polynya
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1995
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 100, No. C3 ( 1995-03-15), p. 4287-4299
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 100, No. C3 ( 1995-03-15), p. 4287-4299
    Abstract: The water masses and circulation in the area of the Northeast Water Polynya, located on the East Greenland Shelf north of 79°N, are described on the basis of an R/V Polarstern cruise during spring and summer 1993. The baroclinic flow shows northward components close to the East Greenland coast and eastward components at the northern limit of the polynya. An anticyclonic half circle is formed by this and the southward flowing East Greenland Current. In the south the circle is not closed. The upper water column, occupied by Polar Water, is affected by this circulation pattern, while deeper waters in the trough system of the area seem to spread independently. Different types of deep waters are found in different troughs, all being of Atlantic origin, though they seem not to be directly connected to Return Atlantic Water. It is shown that what is called Polar Water must be formed, at least partly, on the Greenland Shelf and that deepwater formation does not occur in the investigated area.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/94JC02024
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1995
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
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    The East Greenland Current and its impacts on the Nordic Seas: observed trends in the past decade
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2012
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 69, No. 5 ( 2012-07-01), p. 841-851
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 69, No. 5 ( 2012-07-01), p. 841-851
    Abstract: Rudels, B., Korhonen, M., Budéus, G., Beszczynska-Möller, A., Schauer, U., Nummelin, A., Quadfasel, D., and Valdimarsson, H. 2012. The East Greenland Current and its impacts on the Nordic Seas: observed trends in the past decade. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 841–851. For the past 30 years, it has been known that dense waters are created in the Arctic Ocean. However, before the late 1980s, observations indicated that Arctic Ocean deep waters only modified the deep water in the Greenland Sea, which was still thought of as the major source of dense water. In the mid-1990s, this picture began to fade. The deep convection in the Greenland Sea weakened and only Arctic Intermediate Water was formed. A deep salinity maximum was reinforced and a temperature maximum emerged at mid-depth. The densities of the salinity and temperature maxima were those of the deep waters in the Arctic Ocean, and one possibility was that waters below the convection were ventilated by Arctic Ocean deep waters from the East Greenland Current. Between 1998 and 2010, the salinity and temperature of the deep water in the Greenland Sea increased, implying continuous input from the East Greenland Current. Water from the Greenland Sea advected to Fram Strait now has almost Arctic Ocean characteristics and cannot significantly change the outflowing Arctic Ocean waters by mixing in the East Greenland Current, leading to a more-rapid transformation of the deep Greenland Sea water column.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fss079
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 9
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    Structure and effects of a long lived vortex in the Greenland Sea : LONG LIVED VORTEX IN THE GREENLAND SEA
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2004
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2004-03-16), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2004-03-16), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2003GL017983
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2004
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  • 10
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    Pathways of methane in seawater: Plume spreading in an Arctic shelf environment (SW-Spitsbergen)
    Elsevier BV ; 2005
    In:  Continental Shelf Research Vol. 25, No. 12-13 ( 2005-8), p. 1453-1472
    Details
    In: Continental Shelf Research, Elsevier BV, Vol. 25, No. 12-13 ( 2005-8), p. 1453-1472
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0278-4343
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2005.03.003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2005
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    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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