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  • 1
    In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 122, No. 21 ( 2013-11-15), p. 3054-3054
    Abstract: Patients above 60 years of age account for up to one third of all patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). ABVD is considered standard of care for this patient cohort; however, both outcome and feasibility are poor, since tolerability of cytotoxic drugs is often markedly decreased. A major limitation is pulmonary toxicity due to bleomycin. We thus aimed at improving the ABVD regimen by replacing bleomycin with the immunomodulatory drug lenalidomide (Revlimid®, AVD-Rev), which has shown promising activity as single agent in HL. Methods We initiated the GHSG AVD-Rev dose finding trial (NCT01569204) for patients between 60 and 76 years of age, with first diagnosis of early unfavorable- or advanced-stage HL, good performance status (ECOG/WHO ≤2), and without evidence of severe organ dysfunction. Prophylactic anticoagulation (ASA or heparin) was mandatory. Depending on stage and response at interim staging, patients received four to eight cycles of AVD-Rev (standard-dose AVD on day 1 and 15 of a 28 days cycle and lenalidomide daily from day 1 to 21) followed by radiotherapy The daily lenalidomide dose for the first patient was 5 mg, and there were 8 possible dose levels ranging from 5 mg to 40 mg. Subsequently, all incoming information on dose limiting toxicities (DLT) during the first 4 cycles of therapy was used for dose level determination for the next patient using the EWOC (Escalation with Overdose Control) method. Critical adverse events including thromboembolism ≥CTC Grade II, hematological toxicity such as severe cytopenia (ANC 〈 500/µl 〉 7days with G-CSF support and thrombocytopenia below 25.000/µl ≥ 1 day), and resulting complications such as neutropenic fever and prolonged therapy delay were considered as dose limiting toxicities. Results 25 patients with a median age of 67 years (range 61-76) and with a CIRS-G comorbidity scoring of up to 7 points (n=2, range 0-7) were recruited and assigned to dose levels 5 mg (n=1), 10 mg (n=1), 15 mg (n=1), 20 mg (n=6), and 25 mg (n=16). Fifteen patients were male, 68% had advanced stage disease, and 80% had B-symptoms at diagnosis. After DLT evaluation of 20 patients, a pre-specified stopping criterion was reached and the recommended dose for a phase II trial was 25 mg. Dose delivery was high with a mean relative dose intensity of 91% (all dose levels, range: 63-104%, median: 97%), however at least one CTC Grade III-IV toxicity occurred in all 22 patients who were treated at dose levels 20 mg and 25 mg, and 16 of these patients had a CTC Grade IV toxicity. Dose limiting toxicities were observed in 2 of 6 (33%) and 8 of 16 (50%) patients at 20 mg and 25 mg, respectively, and were mainly hematologic but also included 3 thromboembolic events despite documented ASA prophylaxis. No DLT occurred in patients treated with 〈 20 mg lenalidomide. Of note in these highly vulnerable patients, no treatment related deaths occurred. Overall response rates were 79% for all evaluable patients (19/24) and 86% (18/21) in patients treated with at least 20 mg lenalidomide. After 12 months median observation time, 5 patients had a disease progression and 3 patients died. The one-year estimates for progression-free an overall survival are 69% [95%-CI: 50-91%] and 91% [95%-CI: 79-100%] , respectively. Conclusion AVD-Rev is feasible and effective in this vulnerable population of older Hodgkin patients. We thus recommend this regimen for further evaluation in a phase II study. Disclosures: Böll: Celgene: Travel Grant Other. von Tresckow:Novartis: honoraria for acting as a consultant: Consultancy; Takeda Pharma GmbH: reimbursement of congress, travel, and accommodation costs and honoraria for preparation of scientific educational events: Honoraria. Engert:Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Honoraria, Research Funding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Hematology
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 2
    In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 122, No. 21 ( 2013-11-15), p. 4231-4231
    Abstract: The prognostic impact of isolated infradiaphragmatic Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is controversial and no large risk factor analysis in patients treated with state-of-the-art therapies exists. Therefore, we performed a risk factor analysis focusing on isolated infradiaphragmatic nodal disease in patients treated within the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) HD13 (2xABVD vs 2xABV, 2xAVD and 2xAV; followed by 30Gy IFRT each) and HD14 (4xABVD vs 2xBEACOPPescalated plus 2xABVD; followed by 30 Gy IFRT each) trials. Methods The characteristics and outcomes of patients with isolated infradiaphragmatic nodal disease qualified for and treated within the HD13 and HD14 trials were compared to patients with supradiaphragmatic nodal disease. Patients with extranodal disease were excluded. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between groups using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied for multivariate analyses. To assess whether the prognostic impact of infradiaphragmatic disease depends on treatment intensity, patients were divided into groups of less intensive (HD13 arms 2xABV/2xAVD/2xAV and HD14 arm 4xABVD) and more intensive (HD13 arm 2xABVD and HD14 arm 2xBEACOPPescalated plus 2xABVD) chemotherapy, and groups were analyzed separately. All Hazard Ratios (HR) reported for these subgroup analyses were obtained from Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age (HRa). Results 1500 and 1403 patients with nodal disease from the HD13 and HD14 trials, respectively, qualified for the analysis. Of those, 139 patients from HD13 (9.3%) and 84 patients from HD14 (6.0%) had isolated infradiaphragmatic disease. Compared to patients with supradiaphragmatic disease, these patients were older (median age 47 vs 35 years, p 〈 0.001), had a WHO index 〉 0 more frequently (22.4 vs 15.2%, p 〈 0.01), and had the subtype of nodular sclerosis less frequently (29.7 vs 55.3%, p 〈 0.001). More patients with infradiaphragmatic disease were male (69.5 vs 52.1%, p 〈 0.001). After a median follow-up of 51 months, PFS was significantly worse in patients with infradiaphragmatic disease (5-year PFS 80.1% vs 91.2%, p 〈 0.001). In a multivariate model adjusted for age and sex, infradiaphragmatic HL remained a significant risk factor in terms of PFS (HR 1.6, 95%-CI [1.2-2.3], p 〈 0.01). However, the inferior PFS could only be observed in the group receiving less intensive chemotherapy (HRa 2.1 [1.4-3.0], p 〈 0.001, figure 1A) whereas there was no difference in patients treated within the more intensive arms (HRa 1.1 [0.5-2.3], p=0.8, figure 1B). Similarly, infradiaphragmatic disease was a significant risk factor for OS when analyzed univariately (5-year OS 91.5 vs 97.6%, p 〈 0.001) and in a multivariate model adjusted for age, trial and WHO index (HR 2.2 [1.3-3.7], p=0.002), but this difference was also restricted to the arms with less intensive chemotherapy (HRa 3.0 [1.7-5.5] , p 〈 0.001; more intensive chemotherapy: HRa 1.3 [0.5-3.5], p=0.6). To assess if the current GHSG standard for early favorable HL is sufficient to treat patients with infradiaphragmatic disease, 299 patients who received 2xABVD and 20Gy IFRT within the GHSG HD10 trial were additionally analyzed. The rate of infradiaphragmatic disease was 8.4% (25 patients). In this limited number of patients, there was no PFS or OS difference (HRa 1.0 [0.3-3.2] , p=0.95 for PFS; HRa 0.8 [0.1-6.0], p=0.8 for OS). Conclusion Isolated infradiaphragmatic disease is a risk factor for PFS and OS in HL patients that can be overcome with the current GHSG standard therapies for early favorable (2xABVD followed by 20Gy IFRT) and early unfavorable (2xBEACOPPescalated plus 2xABVD followed by 30Gy IFRT) disease. Disclosures: von Tresckow: Novartis: honoraria for acting as a consultant: Consultancy; Takeda Pharma GmbH: reimbursement of congress, travel, and accommodation costs and honoraria for preparation of scientific educational events: Honoraria. Böll:Celgene: Travel Grant Other. Engert:Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Honoraria, Research Funding; Millennium: Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria. Borchmann:Millenium The Takeda Oncology Company: Research Funding; Takeda Pharma GmbH: Travel Grants, Travel Grants Other.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Hematology
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 3
    In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 124, No. 21 ( 2014-12-06), p. 3062-3062
    Abstract: Introduction Bleomycin is commonly omitted from the ABVD regimen (doxorubicine, vinblastine, dacarbazine and bleomycin) in older Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) patients due to excessive toxicity, particularly bleomycin-induced lung toxicity (BLT). Very recently, however, the GHSG HD13 trial indicated that the omission of bleomycin from the ABVD regimen has a negative impact on efficacy (Behringer et al., EHA 2014). Given the high rate of BLT in older patients, the role of bleomycin in the ABVD regimen for this particular group of patients is still unclear. We therefore analyzed feasibility, toxicity and efficacy of ABVD or AVD in 287 older early stage favorable HL patients. Methods As described in detail previously elsewhere, HD10 and HD13 were prospective, randomized international multicenter trials including early stage favorable HL patients defined as stages I and II without any of the GHSG risk factors (Engert et al. NEJM 2010). For the present study, we focused on older HL patients (≥60 years), who were randomized to receive either 2 cycles ABVD (2 x ABVD) or AVD, in both cases followed by either 20 or 30 Gy involved-field radiotherapy (IF-RT). To estimate cumulative BLT, we also analyzed older HL patients who received 4 x ABVD followed by IF-RT in the HD10 trial. Results 287 patients with a median age of 65 years (range 60-75) were included with an equal distribution of gender, IPS scores, histology and age between the treatment groups. Treatment consisted of 2 x ABVD in 137 patients (HD10 and HD13), 2 x AVD in 82 patients (HD13), and 4 x ABVD in 68 patients (HD10). Pulmonary function test (PFT) prior to therapy was available for 117 patients (HD13 only) showing impaired PF in 14 (26%) and 9 (15%) of the patients randomized to receive ABVD or AVD, respectively. Although patient numbers were too small to draw statistically sound conclusions, in our analysis, patients treated with AVD tended to receive higher relative dose intensity than patients treated with 2 x ABVD. Early termination of chemotherapy was only observed in 1 patient of each treatment arm. Overall, frequency of grade III-IV adverse events was similar for both patient groups. Respiratory adverse events were rare even in patients receiving 2 cycles of bleomycin (1 and 0 cases with 2 x ABVD and AVD, respectively). However, BLT occurred in 6 patients (9%) receiving 4 cycles ABVD and was lethal in half of the affected patients. PFTs or (chest x-ray) within two years after therapy were available for 80 HD13 patients and showed pathological results for 2 patients each out of 34 and 46 patients treated with 2 x ABVD or AVD, respectively. Regarding the efficacy, patient numbers were far too small for testing on (non-)inferiority of the AVD regimen as done in the HD13 trial. However, differences in PFS and OS were about the same magnitude as observed in the HD13 trial (Behringer et al., submitted), indicating that the effect of bleomycin on efficacy observed in this trial does also hold true for the subgroup of older patients. Conclusion In this study of 219 older early stage favorable HL patients treated with 2 cycles of either ABVD or AVD, no significant effect of bleomycin on the incidence and severity of adverse events was detectable. In contrast, the additional 67 older patients receiving 4 x ABVD had more grade III/IV toxicity and a strikingly higher rate of BLT, indicating a cumulative toxicity of bleomycin in older HL patients. Disclosures Off Label Use: Everolimus in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma. von Tresckow:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Travel grants, Travel grants Other. Borchmann:Takeda: Honoraria, Research Funding, Travel grants Other.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Hematology
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 4
    In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 126, No. 23 ( 2015-12-03), p. 2729-2729
    Abstract: Background: Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) accounts for approximately 5% of all Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cases. One hallmark of NLPHL is the consistent expression of CD20 on the malignant lymphocyte predominant (LP) cells. To shed more light on the role of anti-CD20 antibody treatment in relapsed NLPHL, we conducted a phase II study evaluating the fully humanized anti-CD20 antibody ofatumumab in 28 patients. Treatment consisted of 8 weekly doses (week 1: 300 mg, week 2-8: 1000 mg) of the antibody. Results: The median age of study patients was 45 years (range: 22-68) and the majority were male (64%). A median of 1 line of therapy (range: 1-5) had been applied prior to study treatment and 7/28 patients (25%) already had rituximab-containing treatment. At the final restaging 3 months after the end of treatment, response was documented in 27/28 patients (96%; 95%-CI: 84%-100%). After a median follow-up of 26 months, 1-year and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) estimates were 93% and 80%, respectively. No patient died. Transformation into aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) occurred in 2/28 patients (7.1%). No grade III/IV toxic events were observed. Conclusion: In summary, the anti-CD20 antibody ofatumumab represents a highly active and well tolerated treatment option in relapsed NLPHL. Longer follow-up is required for final conclusions. Disclosures Off Label Use: Ofatumumab in lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. von Tresckow:Takeda: Consultancy; Celgene: Other: honoraria for preparation of scientific educational events; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Travel and accomodation, Research Funding; Amgen: Other: honoraria for preparation of scientific educational events. Borchmann:Millennium: Research Funding. Engert:Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Hematology
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 5
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 33, No. 26 ( 2015-09-10), p. 2857-2862
    Abstract: The optimal treatment of stage IA nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is not well defined. Thus, we performed an analysis using the database of the German Hodgkin Study Group. Patients and Methods The long-term outcome of 256 patients with stage IA NLPHL was evaluated. Patients had received combined-modality treatment (CMT; n = 72), extended-field radiotherapy (EF-RT; n = 49), involved-field radiotherapy (IF-RT; n = 108), or four weekly standard doses of rituximab (n = 27) within German Hodgkin Study Group clinical trial protocols between 1988 and 2009. Results The median age at NLPHL diagnosis was 39 years (range, 16 to 75 years). Most patients were male (76%). The whole patient group had a median follow-up of 91 months (CMT: 95 months; EF-RT: 110 months; IF-RT: 87 months; rituximab: 49 months). At 8 years, progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 88.5% and 98.6% for CMT, 84.3% and 95.7% for EF-RT, and 91.9% and 99.0% for IF-RT, respectively. Patients treated with rituximab had 4-year progression-free and overall survival rates of 81.0% and 100%, respectively. A second malignancy during the course of follow-up was diagnosed in 17 (6.6%) of 256 patients. A total of 12 deaths occurred. However, only one patient died from NLPHL. Conclusion Tumor control in this analysis was equivalent with CMT, EF-RT, and IF-RT. Therefore, IF-RT, which is associated with the lowest risk for the development of toxic effects, should be considered as standard of care for patients with stage IA NLPHL. Rituximab alone is associated with an increased risk of relapse in this patient population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2018
    In:  Current Opinion in Oncology Vol. 30, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 308-316
    In: Current Opinion in Oncology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 30, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 308-316
    Abstract: We aim to summarize the current knowledge on the treatment of elderly Hodgkin lymphoma patients with a focus on evidence from clinical trials and novel drugs. Recent findings For elderly Hodgkin lymphoma patients above 60 years without precluding comorbidities a curative treatment approach is warranted. Early favorable stage patients should receive two cycles of multiagent chemotherapy followed by 20 Gy localized radiotherapy. Early unfavorable stage patients should receive four cycles of multiagent chemotherapy followed by 30 Gy localized radiotherapy. For advanced stage patients six cycles of multiagent chemotherapy can be recommended and should be followed by localized radiotherapy on residual disease manifestations. Relapsed or refractory patients should be treated in an individually tailored approach that considers both the patient's objectives and comorbidities. The antibody–drug conjugate brentuximab vedotin is a very effective option for elderly patients with a high response rate albeit limited durability. Anti-programed cell death protein 1 antibodies might also be effective in elderly Hodgkin lymphoma patients with a mechanism of action distinct from chemotherapy. Summary In conclusion, the goal of treatment in newly diagnosed elderly Hodgkin lymphoma patients is curative whenever possible and prospective and retrospective evidence has shown that this is feasible for all disease stages with a variety of multiagent chemotherapy regimen. Relapsed and refractory elderly Hodgkin lymphoma patients can mostly only be treated with the goal of palliation. However, it remains to be seen if novel substances and new combination regimen are able to change that.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1040-8746 , 1531-703X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Infection Vol. 47, No. 2 ( 2019-4), p. 307-311
    In: Infection, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 47, No. 2 ( 2019-4), p. 307-311
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-8126 , 1439-0973
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 8
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2022-12-15), p. 2546-
    Abstract: Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) cause serious infections and aggravate disease progression. Last resort antibiotics are effective against MDR-GNB and are reimbursed by flat rates based on German diagnosis-related groups (G-DRG). From a hospital management perspective, this analysis compared hospital reimbursement for last resort antibiotics with their acquisition costs to outline potential funding gaps. Retrospective analyses based on medical charts and real-life reimbursement data included patients with pneumonia due to MDR-GNB treated in intensive care units (ICU) of a German tertiary care hospital (University Hospital Cologne) between January 2017 and December 2020. Drug-associated hospital reimbursement of G-DRG was compared with drug acquisition costs based on preliminarily approved last resort antibiotics (cefiderocol, ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, and imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam) according to label. Funding gaps were determined for the treatment of Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and mixed infections, respectively. Most of the 31 patients were infected with Enterobacterales (n = 15; 48.4%) and P. aeruginosa (n = 13; 41.9%). Drug-associated G-DRG reimbursement varied from 44.50 EUR (mixed infection of P. aeruginosa and Enterobacterales) to 2265.27 EUR (P. aeruginosa; mixed infection of P. aeruginosa and Enterobacterales). Drug acquisition costs ranged from 3284.40 EUR in ceftazidime-avibactam (minimum duration) to 15,827.01 EUR for imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam (maximum duration). Underfunding was found for all MDR-GNB, reaching from 1019.13 EUR (P. aeruginosa; mixed infection of P. aeruginosa and Enterobacterales) to 14,591.24 EUR (Enterobacterales). This analysis revealed the underfunding of last resort antibiotics in German hospital treatment. Insufficient reimbursement implies less research in this field, leading to a more frequent use of inappropriate antibiotics. The cycle closes as this contributes to the development of multi-drug resistant bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 9
    In: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, BMJ, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2018-12)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2051-1426
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2719863-7
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  • 10
    In: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Elsevier BV, Vol. 39, No. 2 ( 2012-02), p. 130-134
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0924-8579
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2011829-6
    SSG: 15,3
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