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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of Surge Conditions with Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine Vol. 37, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 500-509
    Details
    In: Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 37, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 500-509
    Abstract: To determine whether surge conditions were associated with increased mortality. Design Multicenter cohort study. Setting U.S. ICUs participating in STOP-COVID. Patients Consecutive adults with COVID-19 admitted to participating ICUs between March 4 and July 1, 2020. Interventions None Measurements and Main Results The main outcome was 28-day in-hospital mortality. To assess the association between admission to an ICU during a surge period and mortality, we used two different strategies: (1) an inverse probability weighted difference-in-differences model limited to appropriately matched surge and non-surge patients and (2) a meta-regression of 50 multivariable difference-in-differences models (each based on sets of randomly matched surge- and non-surge hospitals). In the first analysis, we considered a single surge period for the cohort (March 23 – May 6). In the second, each surge hospital had its own surge period (which was compared to the same time periods in matched non-surge hospitals). Our cohort consisted of 4342 ICU patients (average age 60.8 [sd 14.8], 63.5% men) in 53 U.S. hospitals. Of these, 13 hospitals encountered surge conditions. In analysis 1, the increase in mortality seen during surge was not statistically significant (odds ratio [95% CI] : 1.30 [0.47-3.58], p = .6). In analysis 2, surge was associated with an increased odds of death (odds ratio 1.39 [95% CI, 1.34-1.43] , p  〈  .001). Conclusions Admission to an ICU with COVID-19 in a hospital that is experiencing surge conditions may be associated with an increased odds of death. Given the high incidence of COVID-19, such increases would translate into substantial excess mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-0666 , 1525-1489
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08850666211067509
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001472-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Event dependence in the analysis of cardiovascular readmissions postpercutaneous coronary intervention
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Investigative Medicine Vol. 67, No. 6 ( 2019-08), p. 943-949
    Details
    In: Journal of Investigative Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 67, No. 6 ( 2019-08), p. 943-949
    Abstract: Recurrent hospitalizations are common in longitudinal studies; however, many forms of cumulative event analyses assume recurrent events are independent. We explore the presence of event dependence when readmissions are spaced apart by at least 30 and 60 days. We set up a comparative framework with the assumption that patients with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) will be at higher risk for recurrent cardiovascular readmissions than those with elective procedures. A retrospective study of patients who underwent PCI (January 2008–December 2012) with their follow-up information obtained from a regional database for hospitalization was conducted. Conditional gap time (CG), frailty gamma (FG) and conditional frailty models (CFM) were constructed to evaluate the dependence of events. Relative bias (%RB) in point estimates using CFM as the reference was calculated for comparison of the models. Among 4380 patients, emergent cases were at higher risk as compared with elective cases for recurrent events in different statistical models and time-spaced data sets, but the magnitude of HRs varied across the models (adjusted HR [95% CI]: all readmissions [unstructured data] —CG 1.16 [1.09 to 1.22], FG 1.45 [1.33 to 1.57] , CFM 1.24 [1.16 to 1.32]; 30-day spaced—CG1.14 [1.08 to 1.21] , FG 1.28 [1.17 to 1.39], CFM 1.17 [1.10 to 1.26] ; and 60-day spaced—CG 1.14 [1.07 to 1.22], FG 1.23 [1.13 to 1.34] CFM 1.18 [1.09 to 1.26]). For all of the time-spaced readmissions, we found that the values of %RB were closer to the conditional models, suggesting that event dependence dominated the data despite attempts to create independence by increasing the space in time between admissions. Our analysis showed that independent of the intercurrent event duration, prior events have an influence on future events. Hence, event dependence should be accounted for when analyzing recurrent events and challenges contemporary methods for such analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1081-5589 , 1708-8267
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/jim-2018-000873
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Preventing Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery: An Overview of Lifestyle and Psychosocial Modulators
    SAGE Publications ; 2010
    In:  American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2010-03), p. 113-120
    Details
    In: American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2010-03), p. 113-120
    Abstract: Bariatric surgery is being increasingly used as a treatment for obesity. With this weight loss intervention, obesity-specific disease remission and mortality reduction benefits are undeniable. After surgical weight loss is complete, one of the greatest challenges becomes long-term weight loss maintenance, which is largely behavior-ally based. The fundamental behavioral components to maintaining surgical weight loss include dietary control, commitment to regular physical activity, and behavior modification. Changing these longstanding lifestyle habits, however, is a serious challenge and, unfortunately, many formerly obese individuals ultimately experience weight regain due to noncompliance. Further research is needed to identify optimal treatment strategies for postoperative bariatric surgery patients to minimize weight regain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1559-8276 , 1559-8284
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1559827609351227
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2265653-4
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  • 4
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    The efficacy and safety of enhanced external counterpulsation in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    SAGE Publications ; 2010
    In:  Vascular Medicine Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2010-02), p. 15-20
    Details
    In: Vascular Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2010-02), p. 15-20
    Abstract: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common in patients with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) and is considered a relative contraindication to external enhanced counterpulsation (EECP), but there are no data that define the efficacy and safety of EECP in patients with PAD. The International EECP Patient Registry (IEPR) was used to compare initial post-therapy and 2-year follow-up clinical outcomes and adverse event rates in patients with and without PAD. From January 2002 to October 2004, 2126 patients were enrolled in the IEPR, of whom 493 (23%) had a history of PAD. Immediately following EECP, the reduction in angina (≥ 1 Canadian Cardiovascular Society class) was similar in patients with and without PAD (76.6% vs 79.0%, p = 0.27) as was improvement in the Duke Activity Score Index (DASI) score (+4.7% vs +6.1%, p 〈 0.001). Both angina reduction and DASI score improvement were sustained at 2 years. PAD patients discontinued EECP more frequently (12.0% vs 8.5%, p 〈 0.05), but lower extremity ulceration did not occur more frequently in patients with PAD (3.7% vs 2.7%, p = 0.26). Rates of death (17.1% vs 8.6%, p 〈 0.001) and myocardial infarction (9.5% vs 5.0%, p 〈 0.001) were, as expected, higher in patients with PAD compared to patients without PAD at 2 years. In conclusion, while PAD patients constitute a high-risk cohort with known higher adverse event rates, EECP led to similar short- and long-term improvements in angina and quality of life for individuals with PAD compared to those without PAD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1358-863X , 1477-0377
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1358863X09106549
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027562-6
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Hazards of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Elderly Women
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Women's Health Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2009-03), p. 123-125
    Details
    In: Women's Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2009-03), p. 123-125
    Abstract: Evaluation of: Sidhu RB, Brown JR, Robb JF et al.: Interaction of gender and age on post cardiac catheterization contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Am. J. Cardiol. 102(11), 1482–1486 (2008). A total of 13,127 consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography with complete data were grouped by age and gender into four age categories ( 〈 50, 51–64, 65–79 and 〉 80 years). Rates of postcatheterization contrast-induced acute kidney injury were higher for women compared with men in the 65–79 years (14.5 vs 11.0%; p 〈 0.001) and over 80 years (18.7 vs 15.1%; p = 0.048) age groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1745-5065 , 1745-5065
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2217/17455057.5.2.123
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2254618-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
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    Effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on the kidney
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 375-386
    Details
    In: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, SAGE Publications, Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 375-386
    Abstract: Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are antihyperglycaemic medications with an emerging evidence base for cardiovascular and kidney disease risk reduction. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors medications lower plasma glucose by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule of the kidney independent of insulin. Furthermore, they reduce intraglomerular pressure by restoring tubuloglomerular feedback. Large cardiovascular outcome trials of both empagliflozin and canagliflozin have consistently shown beneficial kidney effects that go beyond glycaemic control, such as reducing risk for incident nephropathy and progression of chronic kidney disease. The mechanisms by which sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors improve kidney outcomes are not clear. Proposed hypotheses underpinning the kidney benefits include kidney-specific effects such as decreased intraglomerular pressure, activation of angiotensin-(1-7) and the Mas receptor leading to decreased inflammation, decrease in overall kidney oxygen consumption, rise in erythropoietin levels, inhibition of the renal sodium–hydrogen exchanger and secondary kidney effects related to improvements in HbA 1c and blood pressure. This review will focus on describing the mechanisms of action of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in the kidney, clinical efficacy data on their use in patients with chronic kidney disease, postulated physiologic underpinnings of kidney protection observed with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and the promise and potential pitfalls for their use in patients with chronic kidney disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1479-1641 , 1752-8984
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1479164118783756
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2250797-8
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Atypical Presentation of Cocaine-induced Type a Aortic Dissection: A Diagnosis Made by Transesophageal Echocardiography
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Investigative Medicine Vol. 50, No. 2 ( 2002-03), p. 140-142
    Details
    In: Journal of Investigative Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 2 ( 2002-03), p. 140-142
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1081-5589 , 1708-8267
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2310/6650.2002.31309
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 8
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    Treating type 2 diabetes: incretin mimetics and enhancers
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease Vol. 3, No. 5 ( 2009-10), p. 387-395
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease, SAGE Publications, Vol. 3, No. 5 ( 2009-10), p. 387-395
    Abstract: As a consequence of excess abdominal adiposity and genetic predisposition, type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease, often diagnosed after metabolic dysfunction has taken hold of multiple organ systems. Insulin deficiency, insulin resistance and impaired glucose homeostasis resulting from beta-cell dysfunction characterize the disease. Current treatment goals are often unmet due to insufficient treatment modalities. Even when combined, these treatment modalities are frequently limited by safety, tolerability, weight gain, edema and gastrointestinal intolerance. Recently, new therapeutic classes have become available for treatment. This review will examine the new therapeutic classes of incretin mimetics and enhancers in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1753-9447 , 1753-9455
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1753944709341377
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2387507-0
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Point-of-Care, Ultraportable Echocardiography Predicts Diuretic Response in Patients Admitted with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology Vol. 10 ( 2016-01), p. CMC.S38896-
    Details
    In: Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10 ( 2016-01), p. CMC.S38896-
    Abstract: Routine management of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) requires careful attentiveness to fluid status and diuretic treatment efficacy. New advances in ultrasound have made ultraportable echocardiography (UE) available to physicians for point-of-care use. The purpose of this study is to explore physiologic measures of intravascular fluid volume derived from UE and explore predictors of diuretic response in ADHF. Methods Various echocardiography imaging measurements, particularly diameter and collapse of inferior vena cava (IVC), were collected from 77 patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of ADHF. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not they achieved a net negative fluid output of 3 L within 48 hours. The demographic information, serum laboratory markers, and physical characteristics of the subjects were obtained to correlate with daily ultrasound measurements. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to compare diuretic “responders” to “nonresponders.” Results A negative change in the IVC diameter at 48 hours was robust in prediction of diuretic response. For every 1 mm decrease in the IVC diameter at 48 hours, there was an odds ratio of 1.62 (95% CI: 1.20-2.19) for responding to diuretic therapy independent of other variables including baseline renal filtration function and blood B-type natriuretic peptide. Conclusion Assessment of central venous pressure as a proxy for passive renal congestion independently predicts initial diuretic response in ADHF. Future research is needed to further understand the individual variation in response to loop diuresis and to identify optimal treatment approaches that utilize anatomic and physiologic measures such as venous ultrasound.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1179-5468 , 1179-5468
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4137/CMC.S38896
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2575256-X
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  • 10
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    Myopia management algorithm. Annexe to the article titled Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  European Journal of Ophthalmology
    Details
    In: European Journal of Ophthalmology, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Myopia is becoming increasingly common in young generations all over the world, and it is predicted to become the most common cause of blindness and visual impairment in later life in the near future. Because myopia can cause serious complications and vision loss, it is critical to create and prescribe effective myopia treatment solutions that can help prevent or delay the onset and progression of myopia. The scientific understanding of myopia's causes, genetic background, environmental conditions, and various management techniques, including therapies to prevent or postpone its development and slow its progression, is rapidly expanding. However, some significant information gaps exist on this subject, making it difficult to develop an effective intervention plan. As with the creation of this present algorithm, a compromise is to work on best practices and reach consensus among a wide number of specialists. The quick rise in information regarding myopia management may be difficult for the busy eye care provider, but it necessitates a continuing need to evaluate new research and implement it into daily practice. To assist eye care providers in developing these strategies, an algorithm has been proposed that covers all aspects of myopia mitigation and management. The algorithm aims to provide practical assistance in choosing and developing an effective myopia management strategy tailored to the individual child. It incorporates the latest research findings and covers a wide range of modalities, from primary, secondary, and tertiary myopia prevention to interventions that reduce the progression of myopia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1120-6721 , 1724-6016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/11206721231219532
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475018-1
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