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  • American Society for Microbiology  (18)
  • English  (18)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical Validation of a Point-of-Care Multiplexed In Vitro Immunoassay Using Monoclonal Antibodies (the MSD Influenza Test) in Four Hospitals in Vietnam
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 50, No. 5 ( 2012-05), p. 1621-1625
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 50, No. 5 ( 2012-05), p. 1621-1625
    Abstract: Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests for influenza can considerably shorten the time to clinical decision making. An investigational POC test based on a multiplexed immunoassay was developed by Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC (MSD), with the objective to make a more sensitive rapid test that can also subtype influenza A viruses (1977 H1, H3, and H5). Between February and November 2010, we conducted a prospective multicenter study at four hospitals in Vietnam and compared the performance of this test to that of the WHO/CDC real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) on nasal and throat swab specimens from patients presenting with influenza-like illness. Five hundred sixty-three adults and children with a median age of 25 months were enrolled. Sensitivity and specificity of the test with combined results from nasal and throat swab samples were 74.0% (131/177) and 99.7% (351/352), respectively, compared to RT-PCR. The POC test was as sensitive for influenza virus B as for influenza virus A (74.4% [64/86] versus 73.6% [67/91] ). The positivity rate was associated with lower cycle threshold values (a marker for higher viral loads), sample type (73.6% for nasal swab versus 52.4% for throat swab), and younger age. A total of 210 (18.7%) out of 1,126 MSD tests failed, and for 34 (6%) of patients, both test samples failed (these were excluded from the performance analysis). Subtyping could be assessed only for influenza virus A/H3N2, as 1977 H1N1 was not circulating at the time and no H5N1-infected patients were enrolled, and was successful only in 9/54 patients infected with H3 influenza virus who had a positive POC test result for influenza virus A. This novel POC test provided highly sensitive detection of influenza viruses A and B compared to the reported sensitivities of other rapid tests. However, 18.7% of tests failed for technical reasons and subtyping for H3 was poor. Drawbacks to the technology include the requirement for a dedicated reader instrument and the need for continual updating of subtyping antibodies within the test array.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00085-12
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
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    Evaluation of Luminex xTAG Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel Assay for Detection of Multiple Diarrheal Pathogens in Fecal Samples in Vietnam
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 54, No. 4 ( 2016-04), p. 1094-1100
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 54, No. 4 ( 2016-04), p. 1094-1100
    Abstract: Diarrheal disease is a complex syndrome that remains a leading cause of global childhood morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of enteric pathogens in a timely and precise manner is important for making treatment decisions and informing public health policy, but accurate diagnosis is a major challenge in industrializing countries. Multiplex molecular diagnostic techniques may represent a significant improvement over classical approaches. We evaluated the Luminex xTAG gastrointestinal pathogen panel (GPP) assay for the detection of common enteric bacterial and viral pathogens in Vietnam. Microbiological culture and real-time PCR were used as gold standards. The tests were performed on 479 stool samples collected from people admitted to the hospital for diarrheal disease throughout Vietnam. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for the xTAG GPP for the seven principal diarrheal etiologies. The sensitivity and specificity for the xTAG GPP were 〉 88% for Shigella spp., Campylobacter spp., rotavirus, norovirus genotype 1/2 (GI/GII), and adenovirus compared to those of microbiological culture and/or real-time PCR. However, the specificity was low (∼60%) for Salmonella species. Additionally, a number of important pathogens that are not identified in routine hospital procedures in this setting, such as Cryptosporidium spp. and Clostridium difficile , were detected with the GPP. The use of the Luminex xTAG GPP for the detection of enteric pathogens in settings, like Vietnam, would dramatically improve the diagnostic accuracy and capacity of hospital laboratories, allowing for timely and appropriate therapy decisions and a wider understanding of the epidemiology of pathogens associated with severe diarrheal disease in low-resource settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.03321-15
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
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  • 3
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    Characterization of Genetic Elements Carrying mcr-1 Gene in Escherichia coli from the Community and Hospital Settings in Vietnam
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2022
    In:  Microbiology Spectrum Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2022-02-23)
    Details
    In: Microbiology Spectrum, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2022-02-23)
    Abstract: Colistin is widely used in agriculture and aquaculture as prophylaxis, particularly in Asia. Recently, mcr-1 and other mobilizable genes conferring colistin resistance have spread globally in community and hospital populations. Characterizing mcr-1 mobile genetic elements and host genetic background is important to understand the transmission of this resistance mechanism. We conducted whole-genome sequencing of 94 mcr-1 -positive Escherichia coli isolates (Mcr1-Ec isolates) from human and animal feces, food, and water in a community cohort (N = 87) and from clinical specimens from a referral hospital (N = 7) in northern Vietnam. mcr-1 was plasmid-borne in 71 and chromosomally carried in 25 (2 isolates contain one copy on chromosome and one copy on a plasmid) of 94 E. coli isolates from the community and hospital settings. All seven clinical isolates carried mcr-1 on plasmids. Replicon types of mcr-1 -carrying plasmids included IncI2, IncP, IncX4, and IncFIA single replicons and combinations of IncHI2, IncN, and IncX1 multireplicons. Alignment of a long-read sequence of an IncI2 plasmid from animal feces with short-read sequences of IncI2 plasmids from a healthy human, water, and hospitalized patients showed highly similar structures (query cover from 90% to 98%, overall identity of 〉 81%). We detected the potential existence of multireplicon plasmids harboring mcr-1 regardless of sample setting, confirming 10/71 with long-read sequencing. An intact/conserved Tn6330 transposon sequence or its genetic context variants were found in 6/25 Mcr1-Ec isolates with chromosomally carried mcr-1 . The dissemination of mcr-1 is facilitated by a high diversity of plasmid replicon types and a high prevalence of the chromosomal Tn6330 transposon. IMPORTANCE The article presented advances our understanding of genetic elements carrying mcr-1 in Escherichia coli in both community and hospital settings. We provide evidence to suggest that diverse plasmid types, including multireplicon plasmids, have facilitated the successful transmission of mcr-1 in different reservoirs. The widespread use of colistin in agriculture, where a high diversity of bacteria are exposed, has allowed the selection and evolution of various transmission mechanisms that will make it a challenge to get rid of. Colocalization of mcr-1 and other antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on multireplicon plasmids adds another layer of complexity to the rapid dissemination of mcr-1 genes among community and hospital bacterial populations and to the slow pandemic of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in general.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2165-0497
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01356-21
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2807133-5
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  • 4
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    Phylodynamics of Enterovirus A71-Associated Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Viet Nam
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 89, No. 17 ( 2015-09), p. 8871-8879
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 89, No. 17 ( 2015-09), p. 8871-8879
    Abstract: Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a major cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and is particularly prevalent in parts of Southeast Asia, affecting thousands of children and infants each year. Revealing the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of EV-A71 through time and space is central to understanding its outbreak potential. We generated the full genome sequences of 200 EV-A71 strains sampled from various locations in Viet Nam between 2011 and 2013 and used these sequence data to determine the evolutionary history and phylodynamics of EV-A71 in Viet Nam, providing estimates of the effective reproduction number (R e ) of the infection through time. In addition, we described the phylogeography of EV-A71 throughout Southeast Asia, documenting patterns of viral gene flow. Accordingly, our analysis reveals that a rapid genogroup switch from C4 to B5 likely took place during 2012 in Viet Nam. We show that the R e of subgenogroup C4 decreased during the time frame of sampling, whereas that of B5 increased and remained 〉 1 at the end of 2013, corresponding to a rise in B5 prevalence. Our study reveals that the subgenogroup B5 virus that emerged into Viet Nam is closely related to variants that were responsible for large epidemics in Malaysia and Taiwan and therefore extends our knowledge regarding its associated area of endemicity. Subgenogroup B5 evidently has the potential to cause more widespread outbreaks across Southeast Asia. IMPORTANCE EV-A71 is one of many viruses that cause HFMD, a common syndrome that largely affects infants and children. HFMD usually causes only mild illness with no long-term consequences. Occasionally, however, severe infection may arise, especially in very young children, causing neurological complications and even death. EV-A71 is highly contagious and is associated with the most severe HFMD cases, with large and frequent epidemics of the virus recorded worldwide. Although major advances have been made in the development of a potential EV-A71 vaccine, there is no current prevention and little is known about the patterns and dynamics of EV-A71 spread. In this study, we utilize full-length genome sequence data obtained from HFMD patients in Viet Nam, a geographical region where the disease has been endemic since 2003, to characterize the phylodynamics of this important emerging virus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00706-15
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 5
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    Influenza A Viruses of Swine (IAV-S) in Vietnam from 2010 to 2015: Multiple Introductions of A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses into the Pig Population and Diversifying Genetic Constellations of Enzootic IAV-S
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 91, No. 1 ( 2017-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 91, No. 1 ( 2017-01)
    Abstract: Active surveillance of influenza A viruses of swine (IAV-S) involving 262 farms and 10 slaughterhouses in seven provinces in northern and southern Vietnam from 2010 to 2015 yielded 388 isolates from 32 farms; these viruses were classified into H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2 subtypes. Whole-genome sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates represented 15 genotypes, according to the genetic constellation of the eight segments. All of the H1N1 viruses were entirely A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, whereas all of the H1N2 and H3N2 viruses were reassortants among 5 distinct ancestral viruses: H1 and H3 triple-reassortant (TR) IAV-S that originated from North American pre-2009 human seasonal H1, human seasonal H3N2, and A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Notably, 93% of the reassortant IAV-S retained M genes that were derived from A(H1N1)pdm09, suggesting some advantage in terms of their host adaptation. Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis revealed that multiple introductions of A(H1N1)pdm09 and TR IAV-S into the Vietnamese pig population have driven the genetic diversity of currently circulating Vietnamese IAV-S. In addition, our results indicate that a reassortant IAV-S with human-like H3 and N2 genes and an A(H1N1)pdm09 origin M gene likely caused a human case in Ho Chi Minh City in 2010. Our current findings indicate that human-to-pig transmission as well as cocirculation of different IAV-S have contributed to diversifying the gene constellations of IAV-S in Vietnam. IMPORTANCE This comprehensive genetic characterization of 388 influenza A viruses of swine (IAV-S) isolated through active surveillance of Vietnamese pig farms from 2010 through 2015 provides molecular epidemiological insight into the genetic diversification of IAV-S in Vietnam after the emergence of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Multiple reassortments among A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses and enzootic IAV-S yielded 14 genotypes, 9 of which carried novel gene combinations. The reassortants that carried M genes derived from A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses became predominant, replacing those of the IAV-S that had been endemic in Vietnam since 2011. Notably, one of the novel reassortants likely caused a human case in Vietnam. Given that Vietnam is the second-largest pig-producing country in Asia, continued monitoring of IAV-S is highly important from the viewpoints of both the swine industry and human public health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01490-16
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 6
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    Erratum for Parry et al., Clinically and Microbiologically Derived Azithromycin Susceptibility Breakpoints for Salmonella enterica Serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2015
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 59, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 4364-4364
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 59, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 4364-4364
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01014-15
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
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    Clinically and Microbiologically Derived Azithromycin Susceptibility Breakpoints for Salmonella enterica Serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2015
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 59, No. 5 ( 2015-05), p. 2756-2764
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 59, No. 5 ( 2015-05), p. 2756-2764
    Abstract: Azithromycin is an effective treatment for uncomplicated infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and serovar Paratyphi A (enteric fever), but there are no clinically validated MIC and disk zone size interpretative guidelines. We studied individual patient data from three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antimicrobial treatment in enteric fever in Vietnam, with azithromycin used in one treatment arm, to determine the relationship between azithromycin treatment response and the azithromycin MIC of the infecting isolate. We additionally compared the azithromycin MIC and the disk susceptibility zone sizes of 1,640 S . Typhi and S . Paratyphi A clinical isolates collected from seven Asian countries. In the RCTs, 214 patients who were treated with azithromycin at a dose of 10 to 20 mg/ml for 5 to 7 days were analyzed. Treatment was successful in 195 of 214 (91%) patients, with no significant difference in response (cure rate, fever clearance time) with MICs ranging from 4 to 16 μg/ml. The proportion of Asian enteric fever isolates with an MIC of ≤16 μg/ml was 1,452/1,460 (99.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 98.9 to 99.7) for S . Typhi and 207/240 (86.3%; 95% CI, 81.2 to 90.3) ( P 〈 0.001) for S . Paratyphi A. A zone size of ≥13 mm to a 5-μg azithromycin disk identified S . Typhi isolates with an MIC of ≤16 μg/ml with a sensitivity of 99.7%. An azithromycin MIC of ≤16 μg/ml or disk inhibition zone size of ≥13 mm enabled the detection of susceptible S . Typhi isolates that respond to azithromycin treatment. Further work is needed to define the response to treatment in S . Typhi isolates with an azithromycin MIC of 〉 16 μg/ml and to determine MIC and disk breakpoints for S . Paratyphi A.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.04729-14
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
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    High Proportion of Genome-Wide Homology and Increased Pretreatment pvcrt Levels in Plasmodium vivax Late Recurrences: a Chloroquine Therapeutic Efficacy Study
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2021
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 65, No. 8 ( 2021-07-16)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 65, No. 8 ( 2021-07-16)
    Abstract: Chloroquine (CQ) is the first-line treatment for Plasmodium vivax malaria in most countries where malaria is endemic. Monitoring P. vivax CQ resistance (CQR) is critical but remains challenged by the difficulty to distinguish real treatment failure from reinfection or liver relapse. The therapeutic efficacy of CQ against uncomplicated P. vivax malaria was evaluated in Gia Lai Province, Vietnam. Sixty-seven patients were enrolled and followed for 42 days using microscopy and quantitative PCR. Adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) was 100% (66/66) on day 28 but 75.4% (49/65) on day 42. Eighteen recurrences (27.7%) were detected, with a median time to recurrence of 42 days (interquartile range [IQR], 35 to 42) and blood CQ concentration of 〈 100 ng/ml. Primary infections leading to recurrence occurred in younger individuals (median age for ACPR = 25 years [IQR, 20 to 28]; recurrences = 18 [16 to 21] ; P  = 0.002) had a longer parasite clearance time (PCT for ACPR  =  47.5 h [IQR, 36.2 to 59.8 h]; recurrences = 54.2 [48.4 to 62.0] ; P  = 0.035) and higher pvcrt gene expression (median relative expression ratio for ACPR  =  0.09 [IQR, 0.05 to 0.22]; recurrences = 0.20 [0.15 to 0.56] ; P  = 0.002), but showed no differences in ex vivo CQ sensitivity. Parasite genotyping by microsatellites, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) barcoding, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) identified a majority of homologous recurrences, with 80% (8/10) showing 〉 98% identity by descent to paired day 0 samples. This study shows that CQ remained largely efficacious to treat P. vivax in Gia Lai; i.e., recurrences occurred late ( 〉 day 28) and in the presence of low blood CQ concentrations. However, the combination of both WGS and gene expression analysis ( pvcrt ) data with clinical data (PCT) allowed us to identify potential emergence of low-grade CQR, which should be closely monitored. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02610686.)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00095-21
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
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    Genome Sequence of a Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Isolated in 2020 from a Domestic Pig in Northern Vietnam
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2021
    In:  Microbiology Resource Announcements Vol. 10, No. 19 ( 2021-05-13)
    Details
    In: Microbiology Resource Announcements, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 10, No. 19 ( 2021-05-13)
    Abstract: This study reports the genome sequence of an isolated African swine fever (ASF) virus (VNUA-ASFV-05L1/HaNam) obtained at the fourth passage on pulmonary alveolar macrophages. The virus was isolated during a typical acute ASF outbreak in pigs in a northern province of Vietnam in 2020.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2576-098X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00193-21
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2968655-6
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  • 10
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    Optimizing Meropenem in Highly Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Environments: Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosing Simulations in Critically Ill Patients
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2022
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 66, No. 11 ( 2022-11-15)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 66, No. 11 ( 2022-11-15)
    Abstract: Critically ill patients are characterized by substantial pathophysiological changes that alter the pharmacokinetics (PK) of hydrophilic antibiotics, including carbapenems. Meropenem is a key antibiotic for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, and such pathophysiological alterations can worsen treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the population PK of meropenem and to propose optimized dosing regimens for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in critically ill patients. Two plasma samples were collected from eligible patients over a dosing interval. Nonparametric population PK modeling was performed using Pmetrics. Monte Carlo simulations were applied to different dosing regimens to determine the probability of target attainment and the cumulative fraction of response, taking into account the local MIC distribution for K. pneumoniae . The targets of 40% and 100% for the fraction of time that free drug concentrations remained above the MIC (ƒT 〉 MIC) were tested, as suggested for critically ill patients. A one-compartment PK model using data from 27 patients showed high interindividual variability. Significant PK covariates were the 8-h creatinine clearance for meropenem and the presence of an indwelling catheter for pleural, abdominal, or cerebrospinal fluid drainage for the meropenem volume of distribution. The target 100% ƒT 〉 MIC for K. pneumoniae , with a MIC of ≤2 mg/liter, could be attained by the use of a continuous infusion of 2.0 g/day. Meropenem therapy in critically ill patients could be optimized for K. pneumoniae isolates with an MIC of ≤2 mg/liter by using a continuous infusion in settings with more than 50% isolates have a MIC of ≥32mg/L.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/aac.00321-22
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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