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  • American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)  (2)
  • English  (2)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intimate Partner Violence, Depression, and Child Growth and Development
    American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ; 2018
    In:  Pediatrics Vol. 142, No. 1 ( 2018-07-01)
    Details
    In: Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Vol. 142, No. 1 ( 2018-07-01)
    Abstract: Evidence on the relationship between maternal depression and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) with child physical growth and development is equivocal. Our aim in the current study is to examine these relationships among women and their children in Tanzania. METHODS: The Bayley Scales of Infant Development and anthropometric measures were used to assess children 18 to 36 months of age (n = 1031). Maternal exposure to IPV and depression were assessed using the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. We used linear regression models to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs) for developmental outcomes and generalized linear models to estimate the associations with nutritional status. RESULTS: Mild depressive symptoms in mothers (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ≥5) and exposure to physical and sexual IPV were associated with lower SMDs for motor skills (−0.14 [P = .023] and −0.23 [P & lt; .01], respectively), expressive communication (−0.13 [P = .187] and −0.23 [P & lt; .01], respectively), receptive communication (−0.19 [P & lt; .009] and −0.16 [P = .03] , respectively), and cognitive development (−0.08 [P = .245] and −0.12 [P = .07] , respectively). Exposure to physical and sexual IPV was associated with higher risk for stunting (relative risk = 1.6; P & lt; .001). CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that maternal depressive symptoms and IPV are associated with adverse child nutritional and developmental outcomes. Further research is needed to develop programs to address IPV and depression among women and enhance the growth and development of their children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-4005 , 1098-4275
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3457
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477004-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Linear Growth and Child Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Meta-Analysis
    American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ; 2015
    In:  Pediatrics Vol. 135, No. 5 ( 2015-05-01), p. e1266-e1275
    Details
    In: Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Vol. 135, No. 5 ( 2015-05-01), p. e1266-e1275
    Abstract: The initial years of life are critical for physical growth and broader cognitive, motor, and socioemotional development, but the magnitude of the link between these processes remains unclear. Our objective was to produce quantitative estimates of the cross-sectional and prospective association of height-for-age z score (HAZ) with child development. METHODS: Observational studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) presenting data on the relationship of linear growth with any measure of child development among children & lt;12 years of age were identified from a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO. Two reviewers then extracted these data by using a standardized form. RESULTS: A total of 68 published studies conducted in 29 LMICs were included in the final database. The pooled adjusted standardized mean difference in cross-sectional cognitive ability per unit increase in HAZ for children ≤2 years old was +0.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14–0.33; I2 = 53%) and +0.09 for children & gt;2 years old (95% CI, 0.05–0.12; I2 = 78%). Prospectively, each unit increase in HAZ for children ≤2 years old was associated with a +0.22-SD increase in cognition at 5 to 11 years after multivariate adjustment (95% CI, 0.17–0.27; I2 = 0%). HAZ was also significantly associated with earlier walking age and better motor scores (P & lt; .05). CONCLUSIONS: Observational evidence suggests a robust positive association between linear growth during the first 2 years of life with cognitive and motor development. Effective interventions that reduce linear growth restriction may improve developmental outcomes; however, integration with environmental, educational, and stimulation interventions may produce larger positive effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-4005 , 1098-4275
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-3111
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477004-0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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