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  • Acoustical Society of America (ASA)  (26)
  • English  (26)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The binaural performance of a cross-talk cancellation system with matched or mismatched setup and playback acoustics
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2007
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 121, No. 2 ( 2007-02-01), p. 1056-1069
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 121, No. 2 ( 2007-02-01), p. 1056-1069
    Abstract: Cross-talk cancellation is a method for synthesizing virtual auditory space using loudspeakers. One implementation is the “Optimal Source Distribution” technique [T. Takeuchi and P. Nelson, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 2786–2797 (2002)], in which the audio bandwidth is split across three pairs of loudspeakers, placed at azimuths of ±90°, ±15°, and ±3°, conveying low, mid, and high frequencies, respectively. A computational simulation of this system was developed and verified against measurements made on an acoustic system using a manikin. Both the acoustic system and the simulation gave a wideband average cancellation of almost 25dB. The simulation showed that when there was a mismatch between the head-related transfer functions used to set up the system and those of the final listener, the cancellation was reduced to an average of 13dB. Moreover, in this case the binaural interaural time differences and interaural level differences delivered by the simulation of the optimal source distribution (OSD) system often differed from the target values. It is concluded that only when the OSD system is set up with “matched” head-related transfer functions can it deliver accurate binaural cues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2404625
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2007
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimal source distribution for binaural synthesis over loudspeakers
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2002
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 112, No. 6 ( 2002-12-01), p. 2786-2797
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 112, No. 6 ( 2002-12-01), p. 2786-2797
    Abstract: When binaural sound signals are presented with loudspeakers, the system inversion involved gives rise to a number of problems such as a loss of dynamic range and a lack of robustness to small errors and room reflections. The amplification required by the system inversion results in loss of dynamic range. The control performance of such a system deteriorates severely due to small errors resulting from, e.g., misalignment of the system and individual differences in the head related transfer functions at certain frequencies. The required large sound radiation results in severe reflection which also reduces the control performance. A method of overcoming these fundamental problems is proposed in this paper. A conceptual monopole transducer is introduced whose position varies continuously as frequency varies. This gives a minimum processing requirement of the binaural signals for the control to be achieved and all the above problems either disappear or are minimized. The inverse filters have flat amplitude response and the reproduced sound is not colored even outside the relatively large “sweet area.” A number of practical solutions are suggested for the realization of such optimally distributed transducers. One of them is a discretization that enables the use of conventional transducer units.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1513363
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A multi-channel audio system based on the theory of integral equations.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2543-2543
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2543-2543
    Abstract: The basics of a multi-channel audio system, which attempts the reproduction of a desired sound field, are presented. The system’s hardware consists of a three-dimensional array of loudspeakers, and can be used in combination with a specially designed microphone array. The mathematical fundamentals on which this technique is grounded consist of the formulation of the problems as an integral equation. The loudspeaker signals are determined from the knowledge of the target sound field on the boundary of a given control volume. The solution to this inverse problem is computed performing a singular value decomposition of the integral operator involved. For some simple array geometries it is possible to calculate an analytical solution to the problem. A regularization method is applied, as required by the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem under consideration. Some insight into the physical meaning of the ill-posedness is given and some analogies to near-field acoustic holography are suggested. The effectiveness of the method proposed has been verified experimentally and some of the experimental results are presented. Finally, it is shown how this technique has been successfully applied to the design of a multi-channel auralization system for room acoustics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4783610
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimal source distribution for binaural synthesis over loudspeakers
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2001
    In:  Acoustics Research Letters Online Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2001-01), p. 7-12
    Details
    In: Acoustics Research Letters Online, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2001-01), p. 7-12
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1529-7853
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1346898
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033008-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Matrix analysis for fast learning of neural networks with application to the classification of acoustic spectra
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 149, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01), p. 4119-4133
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 149, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01), p. 4119-4133
    Abstract: Neural networks are increasingly being applied to problems in acoustics and audio signal processing. Large audio datasets are being generated for use in training machine learning algorithms, and the reduction of training times is of increasing relevance. The work presented here begins by reformulating the analysis of the classical multilayer perceptron to show the explicit dependence of network parameters on the properties of the weight matrices in the network. This analysis then allows the application of the singular value decomposition (SVD) to the weight matrices. An algorithm is presented that makes use of regular applications of the SVD to progressively reduce the dimensionality of the network. This results in significant reductions in network training times of up to 50% with very little or no loss in accuracy. The use of the algorithm is demonstrated by applying it to a number of acoustical classification problems that help quantify the extent to which closely related spectra can be distinguished by machine learning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0005126
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A theoretical study of sound field reproduction with a planar array of loudspeakers.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 128, No. 4_Supplement ( 2010-10-01), p. 2354-2354
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 128, No. 4_Supplement ( 2010-10-01), p. 2354-2354
    Abstract: The problem of reproducing a desired sound field with a planar array of loudspeakers is addressed. The array is modeled by a continuous distribution of monopole-like secondary sources arranged on an infinite plane, and the reproduced field is represented by a single layer potential. The target field is defined on a plane parallel to the secondary source layer. An expression for the solution is derived and this can be regarded as a linear superposition of propagating and evanescent plane waves. It is shown that the contribution of the evanescent waves does not represent the evanescent component of the desired field and is not limited to the near-field of the array. For this reason this component of the field is called pseudo-evanescent. The case of the so-called focused sources is analyzed. It is shown that an exact solution of this problem does not exist, but an approximate solution can be computed using regularization techniques (for example, by avoiding an exact reproduction of the pseudo-evanescent component of the target field). The time-reversal technique, widely used by wave field synthesis systems for the reproduction of focused sources, is also studied. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3508349
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Binaural sound reproduction in a stereo dipole system
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1996
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 100, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-10-01), p. 2700-2700
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 100, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-10-01), p. 2700-2700
    Abstract: A new transaural system referred to as a ‘‘stereo dipole’’ reproduction system using a closely spaced pair of loudspeakers in front of a listener has been introduced recently. Computer simulations using theoretical models, in which the listener’s head is assumed to be a perfectly rigid sphere, revealed that sound field equalization by the SD system including inverse filtering and also for the virtual source reproduction can be achieved in a wide range of area relative to the standard loudspeaker arrangements. This paper will deal with a further investigation of the SD system in terms of the controlled acoustic field around the head. The theoretical model used in the computer simulation is extended so that one can calculate an impulse response at any point while considering the influence of a rigid sphere. This model is used to compare the sound field around the spherical obstacle due to the SD system with one by the ordinary transaural system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.417079
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1996
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The use of auditory and phonetic memory in vowel discrimination
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1986
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 79, No. 2 ( 1986-02-01), p. 500-507
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 79, No. 2 ( 1986-02-01), p. 500-507
    Abstract: A commonly held assumption about memory for speech is that auditory memory is referred to only if phonetic memory does not contain the information needed for a particular trial. However, this assumption is in conflict with recent evidence [Crowder, J. Exp. Psychol.: Learning, Memory, Cognition 8, 153–162 (1982); Repp et al., J. Exp. Psychol.: Human Perception Performance 5, 129–145 (1979)]. The present study provides additional data to help determine how auditory and phonetic memory are used in a vowel discrimination task, and what happens during memory decay. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine whether performance levels decline at similar rates on between- and within-category AX vowel comparison trials when certain methodological problems are removed. This was confirmed. Experiment 2 demonstrated that in the AX task there is a vowel order effect, as Repp et al. found, but that this effect increased across interstimulus delay intervals, in contrast to their findings. The results can be accommodated with a model in which the memory for a vowel is represented as a small, bounded area within the vowel space, and in which memory decay is represented by the expansion of that bounded area over time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.393537
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1986
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Local sound field reproduction using digital signal processing
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1996
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 100, No. 3 ( 1996-09-01), p. 1584-1593
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 100, No. 3 ( 1996-09-01), p. 1584-1593
    Abstract: This work shows how an acoustic wavefront can be reconstructed locally by using only a few loudspeakers. The loudspeaker inputs are calculated by passing a set of signals recorded by only a few microphones through a matrix of causal digital filters having finite impulse responses. These filters, referred to as the inverse filters, are calculated by inverting (in the least-squares sense) a matrix which contains the electroacoustic transfer functions from the loudspeakers to the microphones. In practice, it is crucial to use a modeling delay and a regularization factor in order to achieve an accurate inversion. The technique is illustrated with an example that shows how well four loudspeakers can reproduce a sound field that has been recorded with three microphones. When the recorded field does not contain energy at frequencies whose acoustical wavelengths are shorter than the distance between adjacent microphones, the original field is reproduced remarkably accurately in the vicinity of the microphones regardless of the positions of the loudspeakers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.416060
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1996
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Spherical harmonic analysis applied to the reconstruction of the sound field radiated by a loudspeaker
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2008
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 123, No. 5_Supplement ( 2008-05-01), p. 3008-3008
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 123, No. 5_Supplement ( 2008-05-01), p. 3008-3008
    Abstract: The three dimensional acoustic radiation patterns generated by different models of loudspeaker have been measured in an anechoic environment using an array of 40 omnidirectional microphones, arranged on a hemispherical surface. The acquired data have been numerically processed in order to obtain the complete three dimensional reconstruction of the analysed sound field. The theory of the applied method is based on the spherical harmonic decomposition of the sound field defined over the surface of a sphere containing the sound source and sampled at a finite number of positions. The reconstruction of the sound field in the region of the space inside and outside the measurement surface has been obtained by multiplying each coefficient of the spherical harmonic series by the corresponding spherical propagator, defined as the ratio of two spherical Hankel functions. The conditioning of the inverse problem related to the reconstruction of the sound field in the interior of the measurement surface has been analysed and put in relation to the behaviour of the spherical propagators of different orders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2932591
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2008
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