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  • S. Karger AG  (6)
  • English  (6)
  • 2015-2019  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 Suppresses Striatal Cell Death Dominantly Through ERK Signaling in Huntington’s Disease
    S. Karger AG ; 2018
    In:  Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry Vol. 48, No. 2 ( 2018), p. 605-617
    Details
    In: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, S. Karger AG, Vol. 48, No. 2 ( 2018), p. 605-617
    Abstract: Background/Aims: Huntington’s disease (HD) is a heritable neurodegenerative disorder, and there is no cure for HD to date. A type of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), FGF9, has been reported to play prosurvival roles in other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. However, the effects of FGF9 on HD is still unknown. With many similarities in the cellular and pathological mechanisms that eventually cause cell death in neurodegenerative diseases, we hypothesize that FGF9 might provide neuroprotective functions in HD. Methods: In this study, STHdhQ7/Q7 (WT) and STHdhQ111/Q111 (HD) striatal knock-in cell lines were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of FGF9. Cell proliferation, cell death and neuroprotective markers were determined via the MTT assay, propidium iodide staining and Western blotting, respectively. The signaling pathways regulated by FGF9 were demonstrated using Western blotting. Additionally, HD transgenic mouse models were used to further confirm the neuroprotective effects of FGF9 via ELISA, Western blotting and immunostaining. Results: Results show that FGF9 not only enhances cell proliferation, but also alleviates cell death as cells under starvation stress. In addition, FGF9 significantly upregulates glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and an anti-apoptotic marker, Bcl-xL, and decreases the expression level of an apoptotic marker, cleaved caspase 3. Furthermore, FGF9 functions through ERK, AKT and JNK pathways. Especially, ERK pathway plays a critical role to influence the effects of FGF9 toward cell survival and GDNF production. Conclusions: These results not only show the neuroprotective effects of FGF9, but also clarify the critical mechanisms in HD cells, further providing an insight for the therapeutic potential of FGF9 in HD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1015-8987 , 1421-9778
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000491889
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482056-0
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Second-Trimester Placental Volume and Vascular Indices in the Prediction of Small-for-Gestational-Age Neonates
    S. Karger AG ; 2015
    In:  Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy Vol. 37, No. 2 ( 2015), p. 123-128
    Details
    In: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, S. Karger AG, Vol. 37, No. 2 ( 2015), p. 123-128
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objective: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 To evaluate the ability of second-trimester placental volume and vascular indices to predict small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth weight pregnancies. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Material and Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Women with singleton pregnancies were prospectively evaluated at 17-20 weeks of gestation. Second-trimester placental volume and vascular indices were obtained and calculated using volume organ computer-aided analysis and three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasound. Participants were followed until delivery and their medical records were reviewed, including maternal age, parity and pregestational body weight and body height, as well as the gestational age, birth weight and gender of the fetus. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Of the 163 women with complete follow-up, 20 gave birth to SGA and 143 to appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) neonates. The mean second-trimester placental volume was significantly lower in the SGA than in the AGA group (170.6 ± 49.8 vs. 213.5 ± 75.8 cm 〈 sup 〉 3 〈 /sup 〉 , p = 0.015). None of the vascular indices, including the vascularization index, flow index and vascularization flow index, differed significantly between the two groups. We also found that the optimum cutoff for placental volume at a gestational age of 17-18 weeks was 189.7 cm 〈 sup 〉 3 〈 /sup 〉 . 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Discussion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Second-trimester placental volume was positively correlated with neonatal birth weight. Second-trimester placental volume measured on 3D ultrasound may be predictive of SGA neonates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1015-3837 , 1421-9964
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000365148
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482292-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hong Kong Consensus Statements for the Management of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    S. Karger AG ; 2018
    In:  Liver Cancer Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2018), p. 40-54
    Details
    In: Liver Cancer, S. Karger AG, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2018), p. 40-54
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly prevalent in Hong Kong due to the high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection. Liver cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer death. Due to the high case load, there is a high level of local expertise in treating HCC, and the full spectrum of treatment modalities is available. This document summarizes how these modalities should be used based on the latest evidence. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Summary: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In 2 meetings held in early 2017, a multidisciplinary group of Hong Kong clinicians, including liver surgeons, interventional radiologists, clinical oncologists, and medical oncologists, met to update local consensus statements for management of HCC. These statements are based on the latest evidence and give detailed guidance on how to deploy these modalities, in particular for cases of HCC which are not suited to surgical resection. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Key Messages: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 These statements give detailed information on how to decide if a patient is a candidate for resection, methods to improve candidacy for resection, and guidance for use of various nonsurgical interventions to manage patients ineligible for resection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-1795 , 1664-5553
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000485984
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2666925-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Consensus for Radiotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma from The 5th Asia-Pacific Primary Liver Cancer Expert Meeting (APPLE 2014): Current Practice and Future Clinical Trials
    S. Karger AG ; 2016
    In:  Liver Cancer Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2016), p. 162-174
    Details
    In: Liver Cancer, S. Karger AG, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2016), p. 162-174
    Abstract: A consensus meeting to develop practice guidelines and to recommend future clinical trials for radiation therapy (RT), including external beam RT (EBRT), and selective internal RT (SIRT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was held at the 5th annual meeting of the Asia-Pacific Primary Liver Cancer Expert consortium. Although there is no randomized phase III trial evidence, the efficacy and safety of RT in HCC has been shown by prospective and retrospective studies using modern RT techniques. Based on these results, the committee came to a consensus on the utility and efficacy of RT in the management of HCC according to each disease stage as follows: in early and intermediate stage HCC, if standard treatment is not compatible, RT, including EBRT and SIRT can be considered. In locally advanced stage HCC, combined EBRT with transarterial chemoembolization or hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, and SIRT can be considered. In terminal stage HCC, EBRT can be considered for palliation of symptoms and reduction of morbidity caused by the primary tumor or its metastases. Despite the currently reported benefits of RT in HCC, the committee agreed that there is a compelling need for large prospective studies, including randomized phase III trial evidence evaluating the role of RT. Specifically studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of sequential combination of EBRT and SIRT are strongly recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-1795 , 1664-5553
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000367766
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2666925-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis of the Interleukin-6 (-174) Locus Polymorphism and Serum IL-6 Levels with the Severity of Normal Tension Glaucoma
    S. Karger AG ; 2017
    In:  Ophthalmic Research Vol. 57, No. 4 ( 2017), p. 224-229
    Details
    In: Ophthalmic Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 57, No. 4 ( 2017), p. 224-229
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Purpose: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In normal tension glaucoma (NTG), factors other than elevated intraocular pressure are likely to have a role in the pathogenesis of optic neuropathy. Recent studies of glaucoma or retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) reveal that the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is linked to the pathogenesis of glaucoma and may regulate RGC survival or death. The IL-6 (-174) G allele has also been shown to increase the IL-6 protein. We hypothesized that the IL-6 (-174) polymorphism may be a predisposing genetic factor affecting the severity of glaucoma. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the IL-6 polymorphism and serum IL-6 levels as a potential risk factor related to the severity of NTG. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A total of 256 subjects with NTG in the Chinese population were enrolled. The patients were genotyped for the IL-6 (-174) C/G polymorphism. Genomic DNA was amplified by a polymerase chain reaction, followed by the enzymatic restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Serum IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA. Patient age at diagnosis, cup/disc (C/D) ratio, rim area (RA), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and visual field (VF) were analyzed. The associations between genotypes of IL-6 (-174) C/G and the clinical parameters were calculated using a logistic regression. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The IL-6 (-174) GC genotype in NTG patients was significantly associated with a smaller C/D ratio ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.04), larger RA ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.04), and thicker RNFL ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.05) compared with IL-6 (-174) GG patients. The allele frequency of IL-6 (-174) C was significantly higher in the NTG patients at an early-moderate stage than at an advanced stage according to the C/D ratio (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.31-0.99). Pattern standard deviation of VF was borderline lower in IL-6 (-174) GC patients ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.06), and serum IL-6 levels were borderline higher in advanced stages than in early-moderate stages (7.66 ± 3.22 vs. 4.46 ± 3.83 pg/mL; 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.06). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The IL-6 (-174) GC genotype is associated with a smaller C/D ratio, larger RA, and thicker RNFL compared with IL-6 (-174) GG in NTG patients. We found that the IL-6 (-174) G/C polymorphism and serum IL-6 levels may be associated with the severity of NTG.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0030-3747 , 1423-0259
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000455152
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483177-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fisetin Protects Against Hepatic Steatosis Through Regulation of the Sirt1/AMPK and Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Signaling Pathway in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice
    S. Karger AG ; 2018
    In:  Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry Vol. 49, No. 5 ( 2018), p. 1870-1884
    Details
    In: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, S. Karger AG, Vol. 49, No. 5 ( 2018), p. 1870-1884
    Abstract: Background/Aims: Fisetin is a naturally abundant flavonoid isolated from various fruits and vegetables that was recently identified to have potential biological functions in improving allergic airway inflammation, as well as anti-oxidative and anti-tumor properties. Fisetin has also been demonstrated to have anti-obesity properties in mice. However, the effect of fisetin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still elusive. Thus, the present study evaluated whether fisetin improves hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and regulates lipid metabolism of FL83B hepatocytes in vitro. Methods: NAFLD was induced by HFD in male C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then injected intraperitoneally with fisetin for 10 weeks. In another experiment, FL83B cells were challenged with oleic acid to induce lipid accumulation and treated with various concentrations of fisetin. Results: NAFLD mice treated with fisetin had decreased body weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight compared to NAFLD mice. Fisetin treatment also reduced liver lipid droplet and hepatocyte steatosis, alleviated serum free fatty acid, and leptin concentrations, significantly decreased fatty acid synthase, and significantly increased phosphorylation of AMPKα and the production of sirt-1 and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in the liver tissue. In vitro, fisetin decreased lipid accumulation and increased lipolysis and β-oxidation in hepatocytes. Conclusion: This study suggests that fisetin is a potential novel treatment for alleviating hepatic lipid metabolism and improving NAFLD in mice via activation of the sirt1/AMPK and β-oxidation pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1015-8987 , 1421-9778
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000493650
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482056-0
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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