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  • MDPI AG  (13)
  • English  (13)
  • 2020-2024  (13)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Risk Factors of Blood Cadmium Elevation in Chronic Kidney Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 23 ( 2021-11-24), p. 12337-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 23 ( 2021-11-24), p. 12337-
    Abstract: Low-level cadmium exposure has adverse effects on chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the risk factors for elevated blood cadmium levels (BCLs) have not been studied in CKD. We conducted a cross-sectional investigation in 200 CKD patients and stratified them by the tertiles of BCL to compare their demographic, environmental, and biochemical data. The factors associated with BCL were identified, and their effects were examined in subgroups. In the analyses, female sex, smoking, and CKD stage 5D were associated with high BCL, and statin was inversely correlated with BCL (odds ratio [95% confidence interval, CI], 6.858 [2.381–19.746] , p 〈 0.001, 11.719 [2.843–48.296], p = 0.001, 30.333 [2.252–408.520] , p = 0.010, and 0.326 [0.122–0.873], p = 0.026; deviations of BCL [nmol/L, 95% CI] , 2.66 [1.33–4.00], p 〈 0.001, 3.68 [1.81–5.56], p 〈 0.001, 3.38 [0.95–5.82], p = 0.007, and −2.07 [−3.35–−0.78] , p = 0.002). These factors were also independently correlated with BCL in subgroups, including non-dialysis CKD, hypertensive patients, non-smokers, and male patients. In conclusion, female sex, smoking, and CKD stage 5D were the major risk factors for elevated BCL; additionally, statins were negatively associated with BCL in CKD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312337
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Predictors of Acute Kidney Disease Severity in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Kidney Injury
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2022-05-06), p. 1081-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2022-05-06), p. 1081-
    Abstract: Acute kidney disease (AKD) forms part of the continuum of acute kidney injury (AKI) and worsens clinical outcomes. Currently, the predictors of AKD severity have yet to be established. We conducted a retrospective investigation involving 310 hospitalized patients with AKI and stratified them based on the AKD stages defined by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative criteria. Demographic, clinical, hematologic, and biochemical profiles, as well as 30-day outcomes, were compared between subgroups. In the analysis, the use of offending drugs (odds ratio, OR (95% confidence interval, CI), AKD stage 3 vs. non-AKD, 3.132 (1.304–7.526), p = 0.011, AKD stage 2 vs. non-AKD, 2.314 (1.049–5.107), p = 0.038), high AKI severity (OR (95% CI), AKD stage 3 vs. non-AKD, 6.214 (2.658–14.526), p 〈 0.001), and early dialysis requirement (OR (95% CI), AKD stage 3 vs. non-AKD, 3.366 (1.008–11.242), p = 0.049) were identified as independent predictors of AKD severity. Moreover, a higher AKD severity was associated with higher 30-day mortality and lower dialysis-independent survival rates. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that offending drug use, AKI severity, and early dialysis requirement were independent predictors of AKD severity, and high AKD severity had negative impact on post-AKI outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051081
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Significant Impacts of Interleukin-8 Genotypes on the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Taiwan
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Cancers Vol. 15, No. 20 ( 2023-10-10), p. 4921-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 20 ( 2023-10-10), p. 4921-
    Abstract: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is upregulated in CRC and plays an important role in its development and progression. Genetic variants in the IL-8 gene may impact the risk of CRC by modulating IL-8 levels. Our primary objective was to investigate the role of IL-8 genotypes in the development of CRC. To accomplish this, we employed the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to analyze the genotypes of IL-8 rs4017, rs2227306, rs2227543, and rs1126647 in 362 CRC patients and 362 controls. Additionally, we evaluated the interactions between these genotypes and factors such as age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI) status in relation to the risk of CRC. Furthermore, we utilized quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure the serum IL-8. The results demonstrated a significant difference in the distribution of rs4017 genotypes between the control and case groups (p for trend = 0.0059). Logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with variant AA genotype had a 1.92-fold higher CRC risk (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.28–2.89, p = 0.0023). Moreover, carriers of the IL-8 rs4017 AT + AA genotypes exhibited a significant association with CRC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.02–1.91, p = 0.0460). Additionally, individuals with IL-8 rs4017 AA genotype displayed significantly elevated serum IL-8 compared to those with TT genotype at a 1.73–fold level (p 〈 0.0001), indicating a correlation between genotype and phenotype. In conclusion, the genotypes of IL-8 rs4017, along with their associated expression levels, can potentially serve as predictive markers for the risk of CRC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204921
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of Mir196a-2 Genotypes on Colorectal Cancer Risk in Taiwan
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 14 ( 2023-07-18), p. 11613-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 14 ( 2023-07-18), p. 11613-
    Abstract: We aimed to investigate the association between genotypes for mir146a and mir196a-2 and the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). We used polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to determine the mir146a rs2910164 and mir196a-2 rs11614913 genotypes in 362 CRC patients and 362 controls. We also assessed the interactions between these genotypes and age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, and BMI status on CRC risk. Additionally, the serum expression level of mir196a-2 was quantified using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Our findings demonstrated that among the controls, the proportions of TT, CT, and CC genotypes of mir196a-2 rs11614913 were 32.3%, 48.1%, and 19.6%, respectively. As for the cases, the proportions were 24.6%, 45.0%, and 30.4%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the CC genotype carriers had a 2.04-fold increased risk (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36–3.06, p = 0.0008). Furthermore, carriers of the CT + CC genotypes also exhibited a significant association with CRC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.06–2.03, p = 0.0261). Moreover, carriers of the CC genotype had significantly higher serum levels of mir196a-2 compared to those with the TT genotype (p 〈 0.0001), indicating a genotype-phenotype correlation. No association was found regarding mir146a rs2910164. In conclusion, mir196a-2 rs2910164 genotypes, along with their associated expression, can serve as predictive markers for CRC risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411613
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Longitudinal Association of Universal Screening and Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder with Survival in Cancer Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-07-26), p. 1213-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-07-26), p. 1213-
    Abstract: Evidence for clinical screening and intervention for depression in cancer and the effect of this intervention on cancer prognosis is suboptimal. This study substantialized a complete model with universal screening and intervention for major depressive disorder (MDD) and explored its effect on survival in patients. This longitudinal study recruited cancer patients routinely screened for MDD with a two-stage model. Data including sex, age, cancer diagnosis, first diagnosis date, date of death, cancer stage, and MDD diagnosis and treatment were collected from medical records and the national registration system for cancer. Kaplan–Meier’s survival analysis and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were applied to analyze the effects of associated factors on survival. Further subgroup analysis for 14 types of cancer primary site was also performed. Overall, the hazard for patients adhering to psychiatric treatment for MDD before cancer diagnosis was not statistically different from that for patients without MDD (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.061, 95% CI: 0.889–1.267, p = 0.512). The hazard for patients adhering to psychiatric treatment after cancer diagnosis was significantly lower than that for patients without MDD (HR = 0.702, 95% CI: 0.607–0.812, p 〈 0.001). Those who were diagnosed with MDD after cancer diagnosis and adhered poorly to psychiatric treatment had the greatest hazard (HR = 1.829, 95% CI: 1.687–1.984, p 〈 0.001). The effect of intervention for MDD varied across different primary cancer types.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081213
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Immediate Effect of Customized Foot Orthosis on Plantar Pressure and Contact Area in Patients with Symptomatic Hallux Valgus
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 12, No. 15 ( 2022-07-28), p. 7593-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 15 ( 2022-07-28), p. 7593-
    Abstract: Foot orthotics are recommended for the treatment of hallux valgus. The effects of customized foot orthoses (FOs) designed with both medial longitudinal and transverse arch supports are poorly understood, however. This study aimed to investigate the immediate effect of customized FOs on the plantar pressure and contact area in patients with symptomatic hallux valgus. We recruited 18 patients with a mean hallux valgus angle of 27.3 ± 11.1°. Plantar pressure while walking with FOs or flat insoles (FIs) was monitored with a wireless in-shoe plantar pressure-sensing system. Peak pressure (PP), peak force (PF), pressure-time integral (PTI), force-time integral (FTI), and contact area with FOs and FIs were compared. The PF, PTI, and FTI of the midfoot were significantly higher (p 〈 0.05), and the PP and PTI of the rearfoot were significantly lower (p 〈 0.05) with the FOs than the FIs. The FOs significantly increased the contact area of the midfoot and rearfoot (p 〈 0.05) and reduced the contact area of the forefoot (p 〈 0.05). These results suggest that customized FOs redistribute plantar pressure and the contact area of the midfoot and rearfoot, improving the functional support of the midfoot for patients with hallux valgus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app12157593
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    The Outcomes of an Interprofessional Simulation Program for New Graduate Nurses
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 21 ( 2022-10-25), p. 13839-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 21 ( 2022-10-25), p. 13839-
    Abstract: This study explored the learning outcomes of an interprofessional simulation program for new graduate nurses during their training program. It was a single-group, pre-test and post-test research design. Ninety-three new graduate nurses participated in the study. The Nursing Competence Instrument and program satisfaction survey questionnaires were used to evaluate the learning outcomes of the program. Data were collected between 1 July 2019 and 30 June 2020 in a medical center in Taiwan. It was found that four nursing core competencies were significantly higher after the simulation, including advancing career talents (t = 10.12, p 〈 0.0001), integrating care abilities (t = 10.19, p 〈 0.001), dealing with tension (t = 6.87, p 〈 0.0001), and leading humanity concerns (t = 6.86, p 〈 0.001). The average satisfaction score for the interprofessional simulation training among nurses was 4.42 out of 5. In conclusion, interprofessional simulation education can help novice nurses improve their nursing core competencies. The results of this study provide an important indicator for hospitals and governments when making policy and training programs for new graduate nurses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113839
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Effects of Para-Toluenesulfonamide on Canine Melanoma Xenotransplants in a BALB/c Nude Mouse Model
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Animals Vol. 12, No. 17 ( 2022-09-02), p. 2272-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 17 ( 2022-09-02), p. 2272-
    Abstract: The pharmacological pathway of para-toluenesulfonamide (PTS) restricts the kinase activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin, potentially leading to reductions in cell division, cell growth, cell proliferation, and inflammation. These pathways have a critical effect on tumorigenesis. We aimed to examine the antitumor effect of PTS or PTS combined with cisplatin on canine melanoma implanted in BALB/c nude mice by estimating tumor growth, apoptosis expression, inflammation, and metastasis. The mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, cisplatin, PTS, and PTS combined with cisplatin. Mice treated with PTS or PTS combined with cisplatin had retarded tumor growth and increased tumor apoptosis through the enhanced expression of cleaved caspase 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation, decreased inflammatory cytokine levels, reduced inflammation-related factors, enhanced anti-inflammation-related factors, and inhibition of metastasis-related factors. Mice treated with PTS combined with cisplatin exhibited significantly retarded tumor growth, reduced tumor size, and increased tumor inhibition compared with those treated with cisplatin or PTS alone. PTS or PTS combined with cisplatin could retard canine melanoma growth and inhibit tumorigenesis. PTS and cisplatin were found to have an obvious synergistic tumor-inhibiting effect on canine melanoma. PTS alone and PTS combined with cisplatin may be antitumor agents for canine melanoma treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani12172272
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 9
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    The Humoral Immune Response of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine in Maintenance Dialysis Patients without Prior COVID-19 Infection
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2022-02-21), p. 338-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2022-02-21), p. 338-
    Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients tend to have a reduced immune response to infection and vaccination. The efficacy of current available COVID-19 vaccines in CKD patients has not been widely evaluated. Methods: In the present study, three hundred and eight chronic dialysis patients received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca, AZ). Blood tests using an antibody against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein had performed at four designed time points before and after the first and second vaccine. Results: The mean age of patients was 65.5 ± 12.38 years, and the male/female ratio was 61.4%:38.6% (189/119). Two weeks after the first vaccination, only 37.66% of patients had a positive antibody response ( 〉 50 AU/mL). However, 65.58% of the participants showed a delayed antibody response ten weeks after the first vaccine. Four weeks after the second vaccine, 94.16% of participants had positive antibody levels. Age was the most significant factor associated with antibody response. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that immune-naïve patients had significantly lower early active B cells and proliferative B cells than the age- and sex-matched immune responders. Conclusion: Despite a delayed response, 94.16% of chronic dialysis patients achieved a positive antibody response after two doses of the AZ vaccine. Age is the most significant factor associated with antibody response.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020338
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 10
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    Utilizing Computed Tomography to Analyze the Morphomic Change between Patients with Localized and Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Body Composition Varies According to Cancer Stage
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 15 ( 2022-07-30), p. 4444-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 15 ( 2022-07-30), p. 4444-
    Abstract: Background: This study aimed to elucidate the change of body composition in different clinical stages of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by analyzing computed tomography (CT) images. Methods: We enrolled patients diagnosed with RCC in a tertiary medical center who did not mention body weight loss or symptoms of cachexia. We grouped patients into those with localized RCC and those with metastatic RCC. Analyses of the volume of skeletal muscles tissue (SMT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) calculated based on CT images were performed and included subgroup analyses by sex and age. The correlation between tumor size and body composition in localized RCC was also examined. Results: A total of 188 patients were enrolled in this study. There was significantly lower VAT (p = 0.015) in the metastatic group than in the localized group. SAT, body weight, and body mass index (BMI) were not significantly different between these two groups. In the subgroup analysis, a significant difference in SMT and VAT was noted in the male and younger subgroups but not in the female and older subgroups. Regarding primary tumor size in localized RCC, VAT was significantly higher in patients with larger tumors (p = 0.003). Conclusions: In localized RCC, VAT volume was significantly larger in those with large primary tumor size. However, the VAT was significantly lower in those with metastatic status comparing to those with localized disease. The clinical course of cancers closely correlates with body composition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154444
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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