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  • Gubitz, Gord  (24)
  • English  (24)
  • Medicine  (24)
  • 1
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    Validation of the 9-Point and 24-Point Hematoma Expansion Prediction Scores and Derivation of the PREDICT A/B Scores
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2015
    In:  Stroke Vol. 46, No. 11 ( 2015-11), p. 3105-3110
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 46, No. 11 ( 2015-11), p. 3105-3110
    Abstract: Nine- and 24-point prediction scores have recently been published to predict hematoma expansion (HE) in acute intracerebral hemorrhage. We sought to validate these scores and perform an independent analysis of HE predictors. Methods— We retrospectively studied 301 primary or anticoagulation-associated intracerebral hemorrhage patients presenting 〈 6 hours post ictus prospectively enrolled in the Predicting Hematoma Growth and Outcome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Contrast Bolus Computed Tomography (PREDICT) study. Patients underwent baseline computed tomography angiography and 24-hour noncontrast computed tomography follow-up for HE analysis. Discrimination and calibration of the 9- and 24-point scores was assessed. Independent predictors of HE were identified using multivariable regression and incorporated into the PREDICT A/B scores, which were then compared with existing scores. Results— The 9- and 24-point HE scores demonstrated acceptable discrimination for HE 〉 6 mL or 33% and 〉 6 mL, respectively (area under the curve of 0.706 and 0.755, respectively). The 24-point score demonstrated appropriate calibration in the PREDICT cohort (χ 2 statistic, 11.5; P =0.175), whereas the 9-point score demonstrated poor calibration (χ 2 statistic, 34.3; P 〈 0.001). Independent HE predictors included spot sign number, time from onset, warfarin use or international normalized ratio 〉 1.5, Glasgow Coma Scale, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and were included in PREDICT A/B scores. PREDICT A showed improved discrimination compared with both existing scores, whereas performance of PREDICT B varied by definition of expansion. Conclusions— The 9- and 24-point expansion scores demonstrate acceptable discrimination in an independent multicenter cohort; however, calibration was suboptimal for the 9-point score. The PREDICT A score showed improved discrimination for HE prediction but requires independent validation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.009893
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 2
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    Abstract 115: Venous Phase Acquisition Is the Best Bolus Timing to Increase Spot Sign Detection in ICH, But Frequency and Extent of Hematoma Expansion Are Greater in Spot Signs Detected in the Arterial Phase of CTA
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2013
    In:  Stroke Vol. 44, No. suppl_1 ( 2013-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 44, No. suppl_1 ( 2013-02)
    Abstract: Background: Although the PREDICT study validated the spot sign for predicting significant hematoma expansion (HE) in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the sensitivity was 51% and PPV 61%. Recent studies suggest that second pass imaging can increase the yield of contrast extravasation. The present analysis aimed to determine the frequency of spot sign depending on the phase of image acquisition, and whether an early phase spot sign has greater HE compared to later phases. Methods: The PREDICT study was a multicentric, prospective, observational cohort study of ICH patients presented 〈 6 hours. A blinded neurologist measured the Hounsfield units of an arterial and venous structure at three levels on CTA source images. The nearest structure to ICH was chosen to classify each study into the phase of acquisition. CTA were classified in 10 phases from early triggering to steady state, including arterial peak (5), arterial-venous equilibrium (6), and venous peak (7). Significant HE was defined as ICH enlargement 〉 33% or 〉 6mL at 24 hours. Results: Overall (n=378), 77.5% of CTA were acquired in arterial phases. The spot sign occurred in 29.6%, and there was a trend to more frequent detection in the venous phases (37.6% vs. 27.3%, p=0.066) and in later image acquisition phases (p=0.141; Fig). HE analysis was limited to 318 patients: 26.7% presented spot sign and 32.4% experienced significant HE. In spot-sign positive group, there was a trend that HE occurred more frequently in earlier image acquisition phases (p=0.193, Fig). Similarly, median total hematoma enlargement (ICH+IVH) was greater in earlier phases (p=0.041; Fig). Conclusions: This analysis highlights improved spot sign detection with later image acquisition in venous phase of CTA. However spot signs identified in the arterial phase are associated with more frequent hematoma expansion and greater extent. A two phase CTA is optimal in ICH patients and should include image acquisition in the arterial and venous phases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.44.suppl_1.A115
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 3
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    Intracerebral Hematoma Morphologic Appearance on Noncontrast Computed Tomography Predicts Significant Hematoma Expansion
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2015
    In:  Stroke Vol. 46, No. 11 ( 2015-11), p. 3111-3116
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 46, No. 11 ( 2015-11), p. 3111-3116
    Abstract: Hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. The computed tomography (CT) angiographic spot sign is highly predictive of expansion, but other morphological features of intracerebral hemorrhage such as fluid levels, density heterogeneity, and margin irregularity may also predict expansion, particularly in centres where CT angiography is not readily available. Methods— Baseline noncontrast CT scans from patients enrolled in the Predicting Hematoma Growth and Outcome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Contrast Bolus CT (PREDICT) study were assessed for the presence of fluid levels and degree of density heterogeneity and margin irregularity using previously validated scales. Presence and grade of these metrics were correlated with the presence of hematoma expansion as defined by the PREDICT study on 24-hour follow-up scan. Results— Three hundred eleven patients were included in the analysis. The presence of fluid levels and increasing heterogeneity and irregularity were associated with 24-hour hematoma expansion ( P =0.021, 0.003 and 0.049, respectively) as well as increases in absolute hematoma size. Fluid levels had the highest positive predictive value (50%; 28%–71%), whereas margin irregularity had the highest negative predictive value (78%; 71%–85). Noncontrast metrics had comparable predictive values as spot sign for expansion when controlled for vitamin K, antiplatelet use, and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, although in a combined area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve model, spot sign remained the most predictive. Conclusions— Fluid levels, density heterogeneity, and margin irregularity on noncontrast CT are associated with hematoma expansion at 24 hours. These markers may assist in prediction of outcomes in scenarios where CT angiography is not readily available and may be of future help in refining the predictive value of the CT angiography spot sign.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.010566
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 4
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    Abstract 100: Small Intracerebral Hematomas Have A Low Spot Sign Prevalence And Are Unlikely To Expand
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2012
    In:  Stroke Vol. 43, No. suppl_1 ( 2012-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 43, No. suppl_1 ( 2012-02)
    Abstract: Background: Early intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) expansion is a major determinant of poor clinical outcome. We previously reported baseline hematoma volume was a predictor of hematoma expansion (HE), and that hematomas 〈 3mL may represent a subgroup with good prognosis. Our objective was to validate our previous findings in a multi-centre prospective observational cohort, and to assess the relationship between baseline hematoma size and the CTA spot-sign. We hypothesized that small hematomas are less likely to expand, and have low spot-sign prevalence. Methods: The PREDICT study is a prospective, observational cohort study of consecutive patients with acute ICH. Inclusion criteria are age 〉 18, symptom onset 〈 6 hours, and baseline CT and CTA; exclusions are baseline ICH 〉 100ml, planned ICH surgery within 24 hours, known secondary cause of ICH, known renal impairment, GCS 〈 6, or premorbid disability or terminal illness. Scans were reviewed for spot sign presence/absence by a neuroradiologist blinded to outcomes and follow-up imaging. Volumes were measured by planimetry by a neurologist blinded to CTA images and outcomes. The predictor of interest was baseline hematoma volume which was stratified as 〈 3mL, 3-9mL, 10-19mL, 20-29mL and 〉 30mL based on our prior study. Primary outcome was significant HE defined as ≥6mL. We used multivariable models to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for HE. Findings: Two-hundred and sixty-eight patients were enrolled from 11 centers in 6 countries: HE analysis was limited to 228 patients with follow-up CT before rFVIIa or surgical intervention. Median baseline hematoma volume was 12.4ml, spot-sign was present in 26.8% of patients, and 25% of patients had HE of ≥6ml. HE and spot sign prevalence increased with increasing baseline hematoma volume (see table ) . Only one patient with volume 〈 3ml had HE; the patient was on warfarin (INR 2.2) but spot negative. Two patients with volumes 〈 3ml were spot positive, but neither had HE. When compared to hematomas 〉 30ml, the aOR for HE was 0.09 for 〈 3ml hematomas, 0.14 for 3-9ml, 0.49 for 10-20ml, and 1.83 for 20-30ml (p 〈 0.001). Associations between baseline hematoma volume and clinical outcomes will be presented. Discussion: Our results validate baseline hematoma volume as a predictor of HE. Furthermore, spot sign prevalence is associated with baseline hematoma volume. These results can inform ICH trial design and clinical prognostication at the bedside: small hematomas have a low spot sign prevalence and are unlikely to expand ≥6 ml, even when spot positive. Conversely, half of hematomas 〉 30ml are spot positive and will expand.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.43.suppl_1.A100
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 5
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    Effect of Time to Thrombolysis on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Tenecteplase Compared to Alteplase: Analysis From the AcT Randomized Controlled Trial
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2023
    In:  Stroke
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Abstract: The AcT (Alteplase Compared to Tenecteplase) randomized controlled trial showed that tenecteplase is noninferior to alteplase in treating patients with acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 hours of symptom onset. The effect of time to treatment on clinical outcomes with alteplase is well known; however, the nature of this relationship is yet to be described with tenecteplase. We assessed whether the association of time to thrombolysis treatment with clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke differs by whether they receive intravenous tenecteplase versus alteplase. METHODS: Patients included were from AcT, a pragmatic, registry-linked, phase 3 randomized controlled trial comparing intravenous tenecteplase to alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Eligible patients were 〉 18 years old, with disabling neurological deficits, presenting within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, and eligible for thrombolysis. Primary outcome was modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 1 at 90 days. Safety outcomes included 24-hour symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and 90-day mortality rates. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to assess the following: (a) the association of stroke symptom onset to needle time; (b) door (hospital arrival) to needle time with outcomes; and (c) if these associations were modified by type of thrombolytic administered (tenecteplase versus alteplase), after adjusting for age, sex, baseline stroke severity, and site of intracranial occlusion. RESULTS: Of the 1538 patients included in this analysis, 1146 (74.5%; 591 tenecteplase and 555 alteplase) presented within 3 hours versus 392 (25.5%; 196: TNK and 196 alteplase) who presented within 3 to 4.5 hours of symptom onset. Baseline patient characteristics in the 0 to 3 hours versus 3- to 4.5-hour time window were similar, except patients in the 3- to 4.5-hour window had lower median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Severity Scale (10 versus 7, respectively) and lower proportion of patients with large vessel occlusion on baseline CT angiography (26.9% versus 18.7%, respectively). Type of thrombolytic agent (tenecteplase versus alteplase) did not modify the association between continuous onset to needle time ( P interaction =0.161) or door-to-needle time ( P interaction =0.972) and primary clinical outcome. Irrespective of the thrombolytic agent used, each 30-minute reduction in onset to needle time was associated with a 1.8% increase while every 10 minutes reduction in door-to-needle time was associated with a 0.2% increase in the probability of achieving 90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of time to tenecteplase administration on clinical outcomes is like that of alteplase, with faster administration resulting in better clinical outcomes. REGISTRATION: URL: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03889249.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.123.044267
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
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    Abstract 3046: Co-registration and 3D Comparison Reveal a Variable Trajectory of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Expansion in Relation to Spot Sign Location: Analysis from the PREDICT Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2012
    In:  Stroke Vol. 43, No. suppl_1 ( 2012-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 43, No. suppl_1 ( 2012-02)
    Abstract: Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) expansion can have devastating effects for patients. The spot sign, a form of contrast extravasation, has been shown to predict hemorrhage expansion. However, the relationship between the location of the spot sign within the ICH and the direction of hemorrhage expansion has not been defined. We hypothesized that the spot sign can predict the trajectory of ICH expansion. Methods: Data from PREDICT, a prospective, observational cohort study coordinated at the University of Calgary, were used to conduct this case series. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) and CT-angiography data were obtained for each subject. We used segmentation software to outline ICH volume on baseline and follow-up CTs. We then co-registered the scans and volumes in the same space to allow for three-dimensional voxel-to-voxel comparison along the x-, y-, and z-axes. This comparison yielded three points in three-dimensional space: the spot sign center of mass, the baseline ICH center of mass, and the follow-up ICH center of mass. Distances and angles between these points were used to classify four groups of ICH expansion: 1) perpendicular to the spot sign and baseline ICH center of mass; 2) away from the spot sign; 3) toward the spot sign; and, 4) circumferential. Results: Eighty-two PREDICT study subjects exhibited spot signs. Forty were multiple spot signs and 42 were single spot signs eligible for this analysis. Seven subjects were excluded because of surgery or incomplete imaging. Sixteen subjects were not co-registered because of head motion or insufficient image quality. Nineteen single spot subjects were successfully co-registered. The radius of these 19 hemorrhages was 1.6±0.4 cm (assuming a sphere). The spot sign was located 1.4±0.6 times the length of the radius away from the baseline ICH center of mass. We classified nine co-registered subjects into the four groups because they showed significant hemorrhage expansion defined as ≥6 mL or ≥33% from baseline to follow-up. Four subjects exhibited hemorrhage expansion away from the spot sign, three exhibited circumferential hemorrhage expansion, and two exhibited hemorrhage expansion toward the spot sign. No hemorrhages expanded perpendicular to the spot sign. Conclusion: The spot sign is generally located in the periphery of the ICH. Hemorrhages do not consistently expand in one specific trajectory from the spot sign. This study suggests that the spot sign location may not be useful to predict the direction of hemorrhage expansion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.43.suppl_1.A3046
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 7
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    Venous Phase of Computed Tomography Angiography Increases Spot Sign Detection, but Intracerebral Hemorrhage Expansion Is Greater in Spot Signs Detected in Arterial Phase
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2014
    In:  Stroke Vol. 45, No. 3 ( 2014-03), p. 734-739
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 45, No. 3 ( 2014-03), p. 734-739
    Abstract: Variability in computed tomography angiography (CTA) acquisitions may be one explanation for the modest accuracy of the spot sign for predicting intracerebral hemorrhage expansion detected in the multicenter Predicting Hematoma Growth and Outcome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Contrast Bolus CT (PREDICT) study. This study aimed to determine the frequency of the spot sign in intracerebral hemorrhage and its relationship with hematoma expansion depending on the phase of image acquisition. Methods— PREDICT study was a prospective observational cohort study of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage presenting within 6 hours from onset. A post hoc analysis of the Hounsfield units of an artery and venous structure were measured on CTA source images of the entire PREDICT cohort in a core laboratory. Each CTA study was classified into arterial or venous phase and into 1 of 5 specific image acquisition phases. Significant hematoma expansion and total hematoma enlargement were recorded at 24 hours. Results— Overall (n=371), 77.9% of CTA were acquired in arterial phase. The spot sign, present in 29.9% of patients, was more frequently seen in venous phase as compared with arterial phase (39% versus 27.3%; P =0.041) and the later the phase of image acquisition ( P =0.095). Significant hematoma expansion ( P =0.253) and higher total hematoma enlargement ( P =0.019) were observed more frequently among spot sign–positive patients with earlier phases of image acquisition. Conclusions— Later image acquisition of CTA improves the frequency of spot sign detection. However, spot signs identified in earlier phases may be associated with greater absolute enlargement. A multiphase CTA including arterial and venous acquisitions could be optimal in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.003007
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 8
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    Intravenous tenecteplase compared with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke in Canada (AcT): a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, registry-linked, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  The Lancet Vol. 400, No. 10347 ( 2022-07), p. 161-169
    Details
    In: The Lancet, Elsevier BV, Vol. 400, No. 10347 ( 2022-07), p. 161-169
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0140-6736
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01054-6
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2067452-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3306-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476593-7
    SSG: 5,21
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  • 9
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    Abstract 30: Association of Fluid Levels, Density Heterogeneity and Irregular Margins on Baseline Non-Contrast Computerized Tomography With Significant Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2014
    In:  Stroke Vol. 45, No. suppl_1 ( 2014-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 45, No. suppl_1 ( 2014-02)
    Abstract: Introduction: The PREDICT study confirmed that the spot sign was a valid predictor of expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) at 24h, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 61%. This technique requires access to computed tomography angiography (CTA). Other markers may enhance the ability to predict expansion in ICH, or be useful in cases where multimodal imaging is not available. Previous studies have suggested that markers on non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) such as density heterogeneity within the hematoma, irregularity of external margins, or internal fluid levels are associated with hematoma expansion (HE). Methods: Baseline NCCT scans of patients enrolled in PREDICT were examined for the presence of internal fluid levels (defined as a change within the hematoma resulting in a linear interface between two discrete fluid densities) and for the presence of hematoma density heterogeneity and margin irregularity (using an ordinal scale of 1-5 defined, published and validated previously). The association of each marker with median 24h absolute growth and with significant HE (defined as an increase in hematoma size of 6 mL or 33% measured 24h from baseline) were determined. Results: Fluid levels were present in 29 (8.3%) of 351 eligible patients. The presence of fluid levels were associated with significant HE at 24h (χ2 =7.64, df=1, p 〈 0.01) and with a trend toward increased median absolute ICH volume at 24h (6.4 mL vs. 0.9 mL, p=0.09). The PPV for fluid levels was 52% (95% CI 46-57) for significant HE. Increased density heterogeneity (p 〈 0.01) and margin irregularity (p 〈 0.01) were both associated with increased median absolute ICH volume at 24h. Increased density heterogeneity was associated with significant HE (χ2 =20.0, df=4, p 〈 0.01); increased margin irregularity had a trend toward association with significant HE (χ2 =8.69, df=4, p=0.06). Conclusions: Density heterogeneity and fluid levels are associated with significant HE at 24h, and margin irregularity is associated with increased median hematoma size. These markers may be useful for predicting significant HE in ICH in cases where CTA is unavailable to identify the presence of a spot sign. They may also provide additional variables to incorporate into risk scores for hematoma expansion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.45.suppl_1.30
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 10
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    Abstract WP293: Baseline Perihematomal Edema is Greater in the Presence of a CTA Spot Sign but Does Not Predict Hematoma Expansion Independent of ICH Volume
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2013
    In:  Stroke Vol. 44, No. suppl_1 ( 2013-02)
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 44, No. suppl_1 ( 2013-02)
    Abstract: Background: Similarly to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), perihematomal edema (PHE) increases with time from onset. A small degree of PHE relative to ICH may suggest a very early timepoint from onset or actively bleeding ICH and therefore predict a higher likelihood of hematoma expansion (HE). The relationship between PHE, ICH and HE has not however been established. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the link between PHE and ICH by time and their relationship with the CTA spot sign and HE. Methods: The PREDICT study was a multicentric, prospective, observational cohort study of ICH patients 〈 6 hours. All study cohort subjects with available baseline CT scan images (n=377) were included in this analysis. Volumes and diameters of total lesion, ICH and PHE were measured systematically by two blinded investigators, respectively. Diameter measurements were taken in the axial CT slice with the largest ICH area. Significant HE was defined as ICH enlargement 〉 33% or 〉 6mL at 24 hours. Results: Correlation between volume and diameter measurements was strong for total lesion (r=0.9; p 〈 0.001) and ICH (r=0.88; p 〈 0.001), but moderate for PHE (r=0.43; p 〈 0.001). PHE represented a half of the total lesion volume at baseline (Table). PHE volume and diameter were not related to time from onset to baseline CT, although PHE/ICH diameter (p=0.017) and volume (p=0.061) ratios were higher the later the baseline CT scan was performed. Spot-sign patients (29.7%) had more baseline PHE, ICH and total lesion than spot-negative patients (Table). HE analysis was limited to 322 patients with follow-up CT before rFVIIa or surgical intervention. HE patients (32%) presented with higher PHE, ICH and total lesion volumes (Table). Baseline PHE diameter and volume ratios however did not predict subsequent HE. Conclusion: Edema represents about half of total lesion volume in acute ICH. Edema and ICH are larger in the presence of a CTA spot sign. Edema alone does not predict subsequent hematoma expansion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/str.44.suppl_1.AWP293
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2013
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