GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Secular Improvements in Cognitive Aging: Contribution of Education, Health, and Routine Activities
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Aging and Health Vol. 34, No. 6-8 ( 2022-10), p. 807-817
    Details
    In: Journal of Aging and Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 6-8 ( 2022-10), p. 807-817
    Abstract: Limited evidence exists regarding the reasons for secular changes in cognitive functioning over historical time. Thus, we examined potential explanatory factors for changes in cognitive speed, a central dimension of cognitive functioning. Methods Population-based data of middle-aged and older adults from Germany ( N = 5443) was used with baseline participants from 2002 to 2014, comparing the time periods 2002–2014. Results Cognitive speed improved in middle-aged adults (40–65) and older adults (66+). In both age groups, increases were partly explained by education, employment status, volunteering status, routine activities, and physical functioning. Changes in education were more important in explaining increases in older than in middle-aged adults, whereas changes in health were more important for explaining increases in middle-aged adults. Conclusions Cognitive speed increased in both age groups over historical time. Education, employment, volunteering, routine activities, and health were all important in explaining these changes, but their importance differed between age groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0898-2643 , 1552-6887
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08982643211065571
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2034469-7
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trends of healthy and unhealthy working life expectancy in Germany between 2001 and 2020 at ages 50 and 60: a question of educational level?
    BMJ ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health Vol. 77, No. 7 ( 2023-07), p. 430-439
    Details
    In: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, BMJ, Vol. 77, No. 7 ( 2023-07), p. 430-439
    Abstract: Extending the number of active working years is an important goal both for maintaining individual quality of life and safeguarding social security systems. Against this background, we examined the development of healthy and unhealthy working life expectancy (HWLE/UHWLE) in the general population and for different educational groups. Methods The study is based on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel study, including 88 966 women and 85 585 men aged 50–64 years and covering four time periods (2001–05, 2006–2010, 2011–2015 and 2016–2020). Estimates of HWLE and UHWLE in terms of self-rated health (SRH) were calculated using the Sullivan’s method. We adjusted for hours worked and stratified by gender and educational level. Results Working-hours adjusted HWLE at age 50 increased in women and men from 4.52 years (95% CI 4.42 to 4.62) in 2001–2005 to 6.88 years (95% CI 6.78 to 6.98) in 2016–2020 and from 7.54 years (95% CI 7.43 to 7.65) to 9.36 years (95% CI 9.25 to 9.46), respectively. Moreover, UHWLE also rose with the proportion of working life spent in good SRH (health ratio) remaining largely stable. At age 50, educational differences in HWLE between the lowest and highest educational groups increased over time in women and in men from 3.72 to 4.99 years and from 4.06 to 4.40 years, respectively. Conclusions We found evidence for an overall increase but also for substantial educational differences in working-hours adjusted HWLE, which widened between the lowest and highest educational group over time. Our findings suggest that policies and health prevention measures at workplace should be more focused on workers with low levels of education in order to extend their HWLE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0143-005X , 1470-2738
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/jech-2023-220345
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015405-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The role of school education in time-dependent changes of cognitive abilities in cohorts from midlife to old age
    Informa UK Limited ; 2023
    In:  Aging & Mental Health Vol. 27, No. 4 ( 2023-04-03), p. 729-735
    Details
    In: Aging & Mental Health, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 27, No. 4 ( 2023-04-03), p. 729-735
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1360-7863 , 1364-6915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2068132
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003078-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Living longer, working longer: analysing time trends in working life expectancy in Germany from a health perspective between 2002 and 2018
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  European Journal of Ageing Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2022-12), p. 1263-1276
    Details
    In: European Journal of Ageing, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2022-12), p. 1263-1276
    Abstract: Population ageing poses growing challenges to social security systems, in particular to public pension funds. The study analyses how Working Life Expectancy (WLE) and Healthy Working Life Expectancy (HWLE) in terms of three health indicators developed in Germany. Based on the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) from 2002 to 2018 ( n  = 211,141), time trends in labour force rates, mental and physical Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), self-rated health (SRH) and the respective combinations (health indicator*labour force) were analysed for all respondents aged 18–74. WLE and HWLE were calculated using the Sullivan method. WLE and HWLE in men and women at age 18 and 50 clearly increased over time. These increases in HWLE were found in terms of all three health indicators. This development was mainly driven by the clear increase of the labour force rates, since the shares of individuals with good and satisfactory SRH or average and good HRQoL remained largely stable over time. The results show that from a health perspective there have been potentials for increases in WLE during the past two decades and that increasingly more healthy life years are spent economically active. However, life years in the labour force but in poor health have increased, too. The absence of clear improvements in health emphasises the importance of current and future preventive measures to maintain health, especially among the middle-aged and older labour force.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1613-9372 , 1613-9380
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10433-022-00707-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2169429-1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Socioeconomic inequalities in type 2 diabetes comorbidities in different population subgroups: trend analyses using German health insurance data
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2023-07-05)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2023-07-05)
    Abstract: While socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) are well established, little is known about whether inequalities exist in the prevalence and the temporal development of T2D comorbidities. Previous research points towards expansion of morbidity in T2D as depicted mainly by a rising trend of T2D comorbidities. Against this background, and using German claims data, this study aims to examine whether socioeconomic status (SES) inequalities exist in the rates and the temporal development of T2D comorbidities. Since previous research indicates varying risk levels for T2D prevalence in the population subgroups: working individuals, nonworking spouses and pensioners, the analyses are stratified by these three population subgroups. The study is done on a large population of statutory insured individuals with T2D in three time-periods between 2005 and 2017. Predicted probabilities of three comorbidity groups and the number of comorbidities were estimated using logistic and ordinal regression analyses among different income, education and occupation groups. Interaction analyses were applied to examine whether potential SES inequalities changed over time. The study showed that neither the cross-sectional existence, nor the temporal development of T2D comorbidities differed significantly among SES groups, ruling out SES inequalities in the prevalence and the temporal development of T2D comorbidities in Germany. In men and women of all examined population subgroups, predicted probabilities for less severe cardiovascular (CVD) comorbidities, other vascular diseases and the number of comorbidities per individual rose significantly over time regardless of SES, but little if any change took place for more severe CVD comorbidities. Another important finding is that the population subgroup of nonworking spouses had markedly higher predicted probabilities for most of the examined outcomes compared to working individuals. The study indicates that the expansion of morbidity in T2D in Germany does not appear to be SES-dependent, and applies equally to different population subgroups. Yet, the study highlights that nonworking spouses are a susceptible population subgroup that needs to be focused upon when planning and implementing T2D management interventions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37951-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Patterns of Changes in Oncological Care due to COVID-19: Results of a Survey of Oncological Nurses and Physicians from the Region of Hanover, Germany
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2021-12-22), p. 15-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2021-12-22), p. 15-
    Abstract: Background: Healthcare staff is confronted with intensive decisional conflicts during the pandemic. Due to the specific burden of this moral distress in oncology, the investigation aimed at quantification of these conflicts and identification of risk factors that determine the extent and severity of these conflicts. We examined the heterogeneity of changes in oncology care due to COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a survey of oncological physicians and nurses in the region of Hanover, Germany in the second half of 2020. Overall, N = 200 respondents, 54% nurses, were included in the sample. Indicators of changes in oncology care were used to determine profiles of changes. To characterize these profiles, a diverse set of variables, including decision conflicts, uncertainty, age, gender, work experience, changes in communication with patients, psychological distress, work stress, process organization, and personnel resources, was obtained. Latent class analysis was conducted to determine these latent profiles. Results: We found that three distinct profiles best described the overall changes in oncology care due to COVID-19 in our sample, with each profile being associated with specific characteristics: (1) “Few Changes in Oncology Care” profile with 33% of participants belonging to this profile, (2) “Medium Changes in Oncology Care” profile with 43% of participants, and (3) “Severe Changes in Oncology Care” profile (24%). Participants from these profiles significantly differed regarding their age, work experience, occupational group, the prevalence of decision conflicts, decision uncertainty, quality of communication with patients, and quality of process organization. Conclusions: Distinct profiles of change in oncology care due to COVID-19 can be identified. Most participants reported small to medium changes, while some participants also reported severe changes. Profiles also differed regarding their associated characteristics. As such, specific consequences for better pandemic preparedness can be derived based on the current study. Future studies should investigate the patterns of changes in routine care due to COVID-19.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010015
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Decision Conflicts in Clinical Care during COVID-19: A Patient Perspective
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2022-05-31), p. 1019-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2022-05-31), p. 1019-
    Abstract: (1) Background: Uncertainty is typical for a pandemic or similar healthcare crisis. This affects patients with resulting decisional conflicts and disturbed shared decision making during their treatment occurring to a very different extent. Sociodemographic factors and the individual perception of pandemic-related problems likely determine this decisional dilemma for patients and can characterize vulnerable groups with special susceptibility for decisional problems and related consequences. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional data from the OnCoVID questionnaire study were used involving 540 patients from 11 participating institutions covering all major regions in Germany. Participants were actively involved in clinical treatment in oncology or psychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic. Questionnaires covered five decision dimensions (conflicts and uncertainty, resources, risk perception, perception of consequences for clinical processes, perception of consequences for patients) and very basic demographic data (age, gender, stage of treatment and educational background). Decision uncertainties and distress were operationalized using equidistant five-point scales. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and various multivariate approaches. (3) Results: A total of 11.5% of all patients described intensive uncertainty in their clinical decisions that was significantly correlated with anxiety, depression, loneliness and stress. Younger and female patients and those of higher educational status and treatment stage had the highest values for these stressors (p 〈 0.001). Only 15.3% of the patients (14.9% oncology, 16.2% psychiatry; p = 0.021) considered the additional risk of COVID-19 infections as very important for their disease-related decisions. Regression analysis identified determinants for patients at risk of a decisional dilemma, including information availability, educational level, age group and requirement of treatment decision making. (4) Conclusions: In patients, the COVID-19 pandemic induced specific decisional uncertainty and distress accompanied by intensified stress and psychological disturbances. Determinants of specific vulnerability were related to female sex, younger age, education level, disease stages and perception of pandemic-related treatment modifications, whereas availability of sufficient pandemic-related information prevented these problems. The most important decisional criteria for patients under these conditions were expected side effects/complications and treatment responses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061019
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Increasingly capable at the ripe old age? Cognitive abilities from 2004 to 2013 in Germany, Spain, and Sweden
    Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2021
    In:  PLOS ONE Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2021-7-1), p. e0254038-
    Details
    In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2021-7-1), p. e0254038-
    Abstract: Life expectancy is increasing in most high-income countries, but gains in life years are maximized if spent in good health and if cognitive abilities are maintained until old age. Age-related decline of cognitive abilities does nevertheless occur, but the pace of decline is decisive. This was the starting point for our study that aims to examine cohort effects of cognitive aging in women and men in Germany, Spain and Sweden by analyzing changes from 2004 to 2013 by estimating cohort effects within age groups starting from the age of 50 years. Methods A cohort study was conducted that was based on data of the surveys 2004 (N = 6,081) and 2013 (N = 8,650) from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The analyses were based on data of female and male respondents aged 50 years and older. Age-specific means of verbal fluency and delayed recall from the German, Spanish and Swedish samples were the cognitive domains considered in the study. Results In both domains of cognitive ability the achievements in the later surveys were higher than in the earlier ones. This was found in all countries, abut achievement levels increased markedly in the German and the Spanish samples, while the scores of the Swedish samples were not significantly different. While the highest scores were found for Sweden, Germany ranked in the middle and the lowest scores were found in the Spanish samples. Over time, the scores of the German samples approached those of Sweden. Conclusions From the first to the second survey, improvements of older adults’ cognitive abilities were found for all countries considered. This may indicate improvements of the underlying educational systems, but also increasingly stimulating general living conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-6203
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254038
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254038.g001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254038.g002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254038.t001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254038.t002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254038.t003
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254038.t004
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254038.t005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trends in grip strength: Age, period, and cohort effects on grip strength in older adults from Germany, Sweden, and Spain
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  SSM - Population Health Vol. 9 ( 2019-12), p. 100456-
    Details
    In: SSM - Population Health, Elsevier BV, Vol. 9 ( 2019-12), p. 100456-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2352-8273
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100456
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2900371-4
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trust in Healthcare during COVID-19 in Europe: vulnerable groups trust the least
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Public Health Vol. 31, No. 9 ( 2023-09), p. 1495-1504
    Details
    In: Journal of Public Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 31, No. 9 ( 2023-09), p. 1495-1504
    Abstract: We examined predictors of trust in the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic in 27 European countries. Subjects and methods We used population-based data drawn from the Living, working and COVID-19 survey ( N  = 21,884, 52% female, ages 18 to 92 years) covering 27 European countries dated June and July 2020. Multilevel linear regression, linear regression, and regression-tree analyses were conducted. Results We found that most participants tended to trust the healthcare system, although a substantial part could still be classified as distrusting (approx. 21%). Multiple variables, including being middle-aged or of older age, being female, lower levels of education, unemployment, worse general health status, having income difficulties, having unmet needs for healthcare, no healthcare contact during the COVID-19 pandemic, higher mental distress, and loneliness, were significantly associated with lower levels of trust. Among these variables mental distress, income difficulties, and unmet needs for healthcare emerged as especially important and, across European regions and countries, consistent predictors for lower trust in the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions Medically vulnerable subgroups, such as individuals with unmet healthcare needs, higher levels of mental distress, and older age, as well as people living in socially and economically vulnerable situations, such as higher levels of loneliness and financial difficulties, were the least trusting of the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic. As these vulnerable subgroups are also at highest risk for contracting COVID-19 and experiencing negative COVID-19-related outcomes, more targeted prevention and intervention efforts should be implemented in these groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2198-1833 , 1613-2238
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01705-3
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1149070-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2140791-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2136860-0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...