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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A New Era of Organ-Preserving Treatment in Pediatric Intraocular Retinoblastoma in Russia: A Multicenter Cohort Study
    Paediatrician Publishers LLC ; 2018
    In:  Oncopediatrics Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2018-04-20), p. 51-69
    Details
    In: Oncopediatrics, Paediatrician Publishers LLC, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2018-04-20), p. 51-69
    Abstract: Background. Retinoblastoma (RB) is a life threatening cancer disease. A breakthrough in the treatment of children with RB is associated with the improvement of conservative treatment that was administered in at least one of the two tumor-affected eyes in most bilateral cases, that was chemotherapy both systemic and local (selective intra-arterial and intravitreal) in most cases combined with laser therapy, cryotherapy, or brachytherapy. The development of such techniques as local chemotherapy is focused on preservation of visual functions, reducing the number of enucleations and radiotherapy (RT) course. The success of the healing of RB is closely associated with a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment, as well as specialized longterm follow-up clinical examination. Objective. eye and vision preservation against large intraocular tumors with different growth types and localization without the course of remote radiation therapy was the main purpose. Methods. In the period from September 2012 to January 2016, the study enrolled 45 patients with RB when at least one eye had intraocular tumor spread corresponding to the group C or D. According to the ABC international classification, patients have a relatively good prognosis for organ-preserving treatment. 4 of 18 children with bilateral RB had undergone primary enucleation of worse eye the worst eye, group E; 49 (77.8%) of the 63 affected eyes had features for groups C and D. In this study, no patient received local chemotherapy initially, only after prior systemic chemotherapy. Selective intra-arterial chemotherapy (SIAC) was applied to 41 patients (45 eyes; mean course number was 2), and 32 patients (34 eyes) had undergone intravitreal chemo therapy (IViC) (mean course number was 2). Focal therapy and local chemotherapy were the main methods of treatment for progression (new lesions on the retina) in 8 (16.3%) of 49 eyes with tumors of group C (n=1) and D (n=7); the relapse in 14 of 49 (new lesions on the retina) in eyes with tumors of group C (n=5) and D (n=6) and (new lesions on the retina and the vitreous) in eyes with tumors of group D (n=3) (28.5%), and stabilization of disease n=23 (46.9%). We should note that 2 patients underwent repeated course of in case of systemic chemotherapy, 1 patient — a Gamma Knife procedure due to registered disease stabilization, progression or relapse. Results. 10 (20.4%) of 49 eyes saved due to the combined chemotherapy. In 45 patients diseasefree survival rate was 56.1±8.9 % (with mean follow-up period 26.9±2.5 months). 1 of 45 patients died from leukemia. 44 of 45 patients are alive without metastasis. The mean follow-up was 20 months (3 to 43 months). Eye salvage rate in group C — 14 (93.3%) of 15, in group D — 31 (91.2%) of 34. Conclusion. These methods: second line of systemic chemotherapy, RT, and a Gamma Knife procedure should be considered as a failure of primary treatment. Our study demonstrated a high efficacy of local chemotherapy with promissing techniques of conservation therapy, which safety increases due to experience.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-9977
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.15690/onco.v5i1.1866
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Paediatrician Publishers LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ACTIV SARS-CoV-2 registry (Analysis of Chronic Non-infectious Diseases Dynamics After COVID-19 Infection in Adult Patients). Assessment of impact of combined original comorbid diseases in patients with COVID-19 on the prognosis
    Consilium Medicum ; 2022
    In:  Terapevticheskii arkhiv Vol. 94, No. 1 ( 2022-01-15), p. 32-47
    Details
    In: Terapevticheskii arkhiv, Consilium Medicum, Vol. 94, No. 1 ( 2022-01-15), p. 32-47
    Abstract: Aim. Study the impact of various combinations of comorbid original diseases in patients infected with COVID-19 later on the disease progression and outcomes of the new coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. The ACTIV registry was created on the Eurasian Association of Therapists initiative. 5,808 patients have been included in the registry: men and women with COVID-19 treated at hospital or at home. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04492384. Results. Most patients with COVID-19 have original comorbid diseases (oCDs). Polymorbidity assessed by way of simple counting of oCDs is an independent factor in negative outcomes of COVID-19. Search for most frequent combinations of 2, 3 and 4 oCDs has revealed absolute domination of cardiovascular diseases (all possible variants). The most unfavorable combination of 2 oCDs includes atrial hypertension (AH) and chronic heart failure (CHF). The most unfavorable combination of 3 oCDs includes AH, coronary heart disease (CHD) and CHF; the worst combination of 4 oCDs includes AH, CHD, CHF and diabetes mellitus. Such combinations increased the risk of lethal outcomes 3.963, 4.082 and 4.215 times respectively. Conclusion. Polymorbidity determined by way of simple counting of diseases may be estimated as a factor in the lethal outcome risk in the acute phase of COVID-19 in real practice. Most frequent combinations of 2, 3 and 4 diseases in patients with COVID-19 primarily include cardiovascular diseases (AH, CHD and CHF), diabetes mellitus and obesity. Combinations of such diseases increase the COVID-19 lethal outcome risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2309-5342 , 0040-3660
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.01.201320
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Consilium Medicum
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A multifunctional additive for heavy concretes
    Moscow State University of Civil Engineering ; 2022
    In:  Vestnik MGSU , No. 6 ( 2022-6), p. 720-726
    Details
    In: Vestnik MGSU, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, , No. 6 ( 2022-6), p. 720-726
    Abstract: Introduction. Faster construction and commissioning of industrial and civil facilities is a main factor affecting their operational characteristics at the stage of construction due to high-quality multifunctional additives, having plasticizing properties, coupled with the accelerated curing of composite materials in cement binders. The article addresses a study on the influence of a new multifunctional additive on the physical and mechanical properties of heavy concretes, that determines its plasticizing properties and affects concrete strength. Materials and methods. The study focuses on concrete B30. The Vicat apparatus was used to test the cement paste to identify its normal density and setting time according to GOST 310.3. The strength of cubic specimens was tested using hydraulic press P-120 according to GOST 1080-90. Results. The multifunctional additive was obtained by synthesizing caprolactam mixed with polyalkylene glycol and amino alcohols. The test on the setting time of the cement paste has proven that the multifunctional additive plasticizes, if added to heavy concrete mixes. The impact of the concentration of the multifunctional additive on the setting time, compressive strength and slumping of the concrete mix has been identified. These new data were applied to find the optimal interval of concentrations of the multifunctional additive, added to the concrete mix to make densely reinforced concrete products. The optimal concentration interval is 0.2–0.3 % of the cement mass. Conclusions. The multifunctional additive made of domestic chemical products as a result of the study, improves physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete mixes to be used in the construction of civil and industrial construction facilities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1997-0935 , 2304-6600
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2022.6
    DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935
    DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2022.6.720-726
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2781261-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis of Treatment of the Outcomes in Pediatric Patients With Nasopharyngeal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
    Paediatrician Publishers LLC ; 2018
    In:  Oncopediatrics Vol. 5, No. 4 ( 2018-12-30), p. 257-267
    Details
    In: Oncopediatrics, Paediatrician Publishers LLC, Vol. 5, No. 4 ( 2018-12-30), p. 257-267
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-9977
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.15690/onco.v5i4.1969
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Paediatrician Publishers LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Approaches to the Treatment of Children with Esthesioneuroblastoma: Literature Review
    Paediatrician Publishers LLC ; 2019
    In:  Oncopediatrics Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2019-07-24), p. 78-86
    Details
    In: Oncopediatrics, Paediatrician Publishers LLC, Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2019-07-24), p. 78-86
    Abstract: The incidence of esthesioneuroblastoma in children under 15 years of age is 0.1 per 100.000 children. Distinctive histological features of this tumor are diffuse accumulation of neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, chromogranin, and variable expression of cytokeratins. Diagnosis of the tumor includes endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) of the skull base, paranasal sinuses with intravenous contrast. PET-CT is advisable to use for the detection of regional and distant metastases, as well as for suspected relapse. In patients of adult age, a negative effect on the outcome of the disease was detected, the detection of metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck, the presence of tumor cells at the edges of tumor resection and a high degree of malignancy of the tumor according to the Hyams system. Therapeutic approaches depend on the stage of esthesioneuroblastoma by Kadish. In the A-stage, surgical treatment is advisable. In the presence of tumor cells at the edges of the resection or residual tumor, radiation therapy is performed. In case of B-stage, surgical treatment is combined with the mandatory irradiation of the primary tumor area. In patients with the C-stage, neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiation is performed, followed by a surgical treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Patients with D-stage chemoradiation therapy is indicated. There is no consensus on an effective drug regimen. Overall 5-year survival varies significantly depending on the design of the study — 55% to 98%. Further study of the features of the clinical picture, morphological and molecular features and the course of the disease will help to improve our understanding of the nature of the tumor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-9977
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.15690/onco.v6i2.2019
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Paediatrician Publishers LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Weakening of Cold Halocline Layer Exposes Sea Ice to Oceanic Heat in the Eastern Arctic Ocean
    American Meteorological Society ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 33, No. 18 ( 2020-09-15), p. 8107-8123
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 33, No. 18 ( 2020-09-15), p. 8107-8123
    Abstract: A 15-yr duration record of mooring observations from the eastern ( 〉 70°E) Eurasian Basin (EB) of the Arctic Ocean is used to show and quantify the recently increased oceanic heat flux from intermediate-depth (~150–900 m) warm Atlantic Water (AW) to the surface mixed layer and sea ice. The upward release of AW heat is regulated by the stability of the overlying halocline, which we show has weakened substantially in recent years. Shoaling of the AW has also contributed, with observations in winter 2017–18 showing AW at only 80 m depth, just below the wintertime surface mixed layer, the shallowest in our mooring records. The weakening of the halocline for several months at this time implies that AW heat was linked to winter convection associated with brine rejection during sea ice formation. This resulted in a substantial increase of upward oceanic heat flux during the winter season, from an average of 3–4 W m −2 in 2007–08 to 〉 10 W m −2 in 2016–18. This seasonal AW heat loss in the eastern EB is equivalent to a more than a twofold reduction of winter ice growth. These changes imply a positive feedback as reduced sea ice cover permits increased mixing, augmenting the summer-dominated ice-albedo feedback.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0976.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    On the Seasonal Cycles Observed at the Continental Slope of the Eastern Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean
    American Meteorological Society ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography Vol. 48, No. 7 ( 2018-07), p. 1451-1470
    Details
    In: Journal of Physical Oceanography, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 48, No. 7 ( 2018-07), p. 1451-1470
    Abstract: The Eurasian Basin (EB) of the Arctic Ocean is subject to substantial seasonality. We here use data collected between 2013 and 2015 from six moorings across the continental slope in the eastern EB and identify three domains, each with its own unique seasonal cycle: 1) The upper ocean ( 〈 100 m), with seasonal temperature and salinity differences of Δ θ = 0.16°C and Δ S = 0.17, is chiefly driven by the seasonal sea ice cycle. 2) The upper-slope domain is characterized by the influence of a hydrographic front that spans the water column around the ~750-m isobath. The domain features a strong temperature and moderate salinity seasonality (Δ θ = 1.4°C; Δ S = 0.06), which is traceable down to ~600-m depth. Probable cause of this signal is a combination of along-slope advection of signals by the Arctic Circumpolar Boundary Current, local wind-driven upwelling, and a cross-slope shift of the front. 3) The lower-slope domain, located offshore of the front, with seasonality in temperature and salinity mainly confined to the halocline (Δ θ = 0.83°C; Δ S = 0.11; ~100–200 m). This seasonal cycle can be explained by a vertical isopycnal displacement (Δ Z ~ 36 m), arguably as a baroclinic response to sea level changes. Available long-term oceanographic records indicate a recent amplification of the seasonal cycle within the halocline layer, possibly associated with the erosion of the halocline. This reduces the halocline’s ability to isolate the ocean surface layer and sea ice from the underlying Atlantic Water heat with direct implications for the evolution of Arctic sea ice cover and climate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3670 , 1520-0485
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JPO-D-17-0163.1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042184-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 184162-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemoradiotherapy in Children with Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
    Paediatrician Publishers LLC ; 2018
    In:  Oncopediatrics Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2018-07-19), p. 100-111
    Details
    In: Oncopediatrics, Paediatrician Publishers LLC, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2018-07-19), p. 100-111
    Abstract: Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (UNC) differs from other epithelial tumors of the head and neck by a close connection with lymphatic tissue, epidemiology, and biological characteristics that determine the clinical course of the disease and therapeutic approaches. In this histological variant, a high titer of antibodies to the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) was observed in blood of 100% of patients. Absence of specific symptoms, polymorphic clinical picture, and latent disease course lead to the detection of a tumor in children only at stages III–IV. Radiotherapy (RT), as the only method for the treatment of UNC, has been used for almost 30 years in all age groups of patients regardless of the disease stage. In most studies, 1.8–2 Gy per day and 50–70 Gy per course were applied to irradiate the nasopharynx and the affected lymph nodes. Modern treatment protocols require the use of conformal irradiation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography (CT) with contrast enhancement to form a three-dimensional model of RT planning. High efficacy and a radiosensitive effect were observed when platinum-based antineoplastic drugs were administered. The chemotherapy (CTx) regimens for pediatric patients included cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexat which were administered both before and after RT. Maintenance therapy with interferon-β also positively affected the treatment results. Combined approaches allowed to increase the level of five-year overall survival rate up to 70–90%. The analysis of complications and long-term treatment effects in children with UNC showed a significant effect of total focal dose and irradiation technique on early radiation reactions from local tissues in the form of dermatitis, mucositis, and xerostomia, as well as on delayed radiation complications and development of second tumors. The review demonstrates the main therapeutic approaches to the treatment of children with UNC both in the historical aspect and according to current trends.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-9977
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.15690/onco.v5i2.1912
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Paediatrician Publishers LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Eastern Arctic Ocean Diapycnal Heat Fluxes through Large Double-Diffusive Steps
    American Meteorological Society ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography Vol. 49, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 227-246
    Details
    In: Journal of Physical Oceanography, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 49, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 227-246
    Abstract: The diffusive layering (DL) form of double-diffusive convection cools the Atlantic Water (AW) as it circulates around the Arctic Ocean. Large DL steps, with heights of homogeneous layers often greater than 10 m, have been found above the AW core in the Eurasian Basin (EB) of the eastern Arctic. Within these DL staircases, heat and salt fluxes are determined by the mechanisms for vertical transport through the high-gradient regions (HGRs) between the homogeneous layers. These HGRs can be thick (up to 5 m and more) and are frequently complex, being composed of multiple small steps or continuous stratification. Microstructure data collected in the EB in 2007 and 2008 are used to estimate heat fluxes through large steps in three ways: using the measured dissipation rate in the large homogeneous layers; utilizing empirical flux laws based on the density ratio and temperature step across HGRs after scaling to account for the presence of multiple small DL interfaces within each HGR; and averaging estimates of heat fluxes computed separately for individual small interfaces (as laminar conductive fluxes), small convective layers (via dissipation rates within small DL layers), and turbulent patches (using dissipation rate and buoyancy) within each HGR. Diapycnal heat fluxes through HGRs evaluated by each method agree with each other and range from ~2 to ~8 W m −2 , with an average flux of ~3–4 W m −2 . These large fluxes confirm a critical role for the DL instability in cooling and thickening the AW layer as it circulates around the eastern Arctic Ocean.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3670 , 1520-0485
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JPO-D-18-0080.1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042184-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 184162-2
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  • 10
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    Oceanic Routing of Wind-Sourced Energy Along the Arctic Continental Shelves
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 7 ( 2020-7-10)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 7 ( 2020-7-10)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.00509
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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