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  • 1
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    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 7 ( 2020-12-29)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 7 ( 2020-12-29)
    Abstract: Scrutinizing the traits of octocorals that could affect their physiological performance becomes increasingly important as several of these species are observed to become dominant on reefs pressured by the Anthropocene. In the present study, we compare the organismal traits of two branching octocorals Litophyton sp. and Stereonephthya sp. commonly populating in sympatry the high-latitude coral communities of northern Taiwan. Using 13 traits, we describe and compare performance traits in these two symbiotic species that we discuss in light of the association they maintain with their algal partners. Litophyton sp. and Stereonephthya sp. hosted Durusdinium and Gerakladium , respectively. Both genera represent singular associations, with the latter further establishing the first solid report of Gerakladium in octocorals. Traits distinguished two groups explained by the two partnerships considered. Litophyton sp. associated with Durusdinium had significantly higher organic matter, chlorophyll (chl) a , total lipid and lower chl c /chl a ratio than Stereonephthya sp. associated with Gerakladium. The δ 15 N in the host and algae, as well as δ 13 C in the host were also higher in Litophyton species. Although no significant difference was observed in the δ 13 C of the algae, Litophyton sp. presented a significantly higher variance for this trait and for chl a content than Stereonephthya species. Altogether, the traits examined suggested contrasting performances among the two octocorals. Both octocoral species clearly deviate from an autotrophic diet. Litophyton sp. appears to complement its heterotrophic diet with photosynthetically acquired energy, while Stereonephthya sp. tends to be more specialized and benefits relatively little from its symbiotic relationship. Our study calls for greater consideration of the individual variation in octocoral physiology and in the definition of their ecological strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.606601
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.606601.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 2
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    Reactive Magnetron Sputtering of Indium Tin Oxide Films on Acrylics - Electrical Resistivity and Optical Properties
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2000-8-1), p. 424-427
    Details
    In: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2000-8-1), p. 424-427
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0000-0000 , 1059-9495
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1361/105994900770345827
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2048384-3
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  • 3
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    Constrained K-means and Genetic Algorithm-based Approaches for Optimal Placement of Wireless Structural Health Monitoring Sensors
    Ital Publication ; 2022
    In:  Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 8, No. 12 ( 2022-12-01), p. 2675-2692
    Details
    In: Civil Engineering Journal, Ital Publication, Vol. 8, No. 12 ( 2022-12-01), p. 2675-2692
    Abstract: Optimal placement of wireless structural health monitoring (SHM) sensors has to consider modal identification accuracy and power efficiency. In this study, two-tier wireless sensor network (WSN)-based SHM systems with clusters of sensors are investigated to overcome this difficulty. Each cluster contains a number of sensor nodes and a cluster head (CH). The lower tier is composed of sensors communicating with their associated CHs, and the upper tier is composed of the network of CHs. The first step is the optimal placement of sensors in the lower tier via the effective independence method by considering the modal identification accuracy. The second step is the optimal placement of CHs in the upper tier by considering power efficiency. The sensors in the lower tier are partitioned into clusters before determining the optimal locations of CHs in the upper tier. Two approaches, a constrained K-means clustering approach and a genetic algorithm (GA)-based clustering approach, are proposed in this study to cluster sensors in the lower tier by considering two constraints: (1) the maximum data transmission distance of each sensor; (2) the maximum number of sensors in each cluster. Given that each CH can only manage a limited number of sensors, these constraints should be considered in practice to avoid overload of CHs. The CHs in the upper tier are located at the centers of the clusters determined after clustering sensors in the lower tier. The two proposed approaches aim to construct a balanced size of clusters by minimizing the number of clusters (or CHs) and the total sum of the squared distance between each sensor and its associated CH under the two constraints. Accordingly, the energy consumption in each cluster is decreased and balanced, and the network lifetime is extended. A numerical example is studied to demonstrate the feasibility of using the two proposed clustering approaches for sensor clustering in WSN-based SHM systems. In this example, the performances of the two proposed clustering approaches and the K-means clustering method are also compared. The two proposed clustering approaches outperform the K-means clustering method in terms of constructing balanced size of clusters for a small number of clusters. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-12-01 Full Text: PDF
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2476-3055 , 2676-6957
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-12-01
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Ital Publication
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2844355-X
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  • 4
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    Evaluation of eye protection efficacy of sweet potato leaf ethanolic extracts In Vivo
    GSC Online Press ; 2022
    In:  Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-04-30), p. 012-020
    Details
    In: Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy, GSC Online Press, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-04-30), p. 012-020
    Abstract: Many studies have been verified that human retina contains a large amount of carotenoids such as lutein and zeaxanthin, especially the concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in the retina and macula are 1,000 times higher than other tissues in human. Therefore, lutein and zeaxanthin play an important role in the health of human vision. The research and development (R & D) of agricultural functional materials or products for eye protection is urgently needed. In this experiment, except for the normal control group, the other groups were irradiated with light-emitting diode (LED) light at the range of 600-1,000 lux for 12 hours / day for 6 weeks. All BALB/c mice were fed with the normal composition for 6 weeks during the experiment. BALB/c mice in the negative control group and three sweet potato leaf ethanolic extracts (SPLEE) groups were fed SPLEE [0.31, 0.62, and 1.23 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively] for 6 weeks by gavage during the experiment. During the experiment, the eye status of BALB/c mice in each group were observed every week. At the end of the experiment, the BALB/c mice were sacrificed and their eyes in each group were collected for hematoxylin & eosin (H & E) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, free radical detection, and the detection of cytokine gene expressions (IL-6; interleukin-6 and TNF-α; tumor necrosis factor-α) and caspase-3 gene expression. Based on the results of this experiment, no obvious lesions by ophthalmoscopy were observed in the eyes of BALB/c mice in three SPLEE groups. H & E and IHC staining results showed that the consumption of high dose (1.23 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE significantly improved retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, which was compared to the negative control group. Other evaluation indicators included retinal out segments-inner segments (OS/IS) thickness, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining, and middle-wavelength opsin (M-opsin) staining, showed no significant difference among three SPLEE groups and the negative control group. The free radical detection results showed that no statistical difference between all groups (p 〉 0.05), however, the trend showed that the free radicals in the high and middle doses (1.23 and 0.62 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE groups were lower than those in the negative control group and the low dose (0.31 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE group. The results of IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression showed that the normal control group and three SPLEE groups were significantly lower than the negative control group (p 〈 0.05), while the gene expression of caspase-3 was not significantly differences between all groups (p 〉 0.05). Taken these results together, the high dose SPLEE (1.23 mg/kg BW) has the better potential for improving the retinal ONL thickness and anti-inflammatory effects under LED irradiation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2582-8363
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2
    DOI: 10.30574/msabp
    DOI: 10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0059
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: GSC Online Press
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
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    Supercritical Fluid CO2 Extracted-Chinese Yam (Dioscorea polystachya) Extracts on the Hypertension Regulation in Rats
    Annals of Clinical and Medical Case Reports ; 2021
    In:  United Journal of Agricultural Science and Research Vol. 01, No. 03 ( 2021)
    Details
    In: United Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, Annals of Clinical and Medical Case Reports, Vol. 01, No. 03 ( 2021)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.47829/UJASR.2021
    DOI: 10.47829/UJASR
    DOI: 10.47829/UJASR.2021.1303
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Annals of Clinical and Medical Case Reports
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 6
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    Establishment of an in vitro flow cytometric detection method for lipid-accumulated cells
    Scientific Research Archives ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-02-28), p. 061-067
    Details
    In: International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive, Scientific Research Archives, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-02-28), p. 061-067
    Abstract: Eukaryotic cells can store and converse excess lipid to the cytosolic lipid droplets. Adipogenesis of preadipocytes has been often used to study the molecular basis and the effect of obesity drugs on fat cell conversion. Many methods were developed for the detection of the cytosolic lipid droplets as Nile red, BODIPY 493/503 (4, 4-difluoro-1, 3, 5, 7, 8-pentamethyl-4-bora-3a, 4adiaza-s-indacene), BODIPY 665/676, 1,6-diphenylhexatriene (DPH), DAPI, Hoechst, Sudan III, and Oil-red O. The differences in the spectral properties of these lipophilic dyes and their advantages of each are discussed. In this study, an in vitro flow cytometric detection method was established for the detection of lipid-accumulated cells. Commonly, the longer the period of adipogenic induction, the greater the quantity of lipid in fat cell can accumulate. Thus, to determine whether increasing the fat stored within a cell would result in the greater granularity. 3T3-L1 cells in culture were hormonally induced for adipogenesis. Then, these cells were dissociated and analyzed in a flow cytometer at 0, 5, and 10 days post-induction. After adipogenic induction, the cells had become increasingly heterogeneous in their cellular granularity. The cells containing greater granular structure were markedly increased, and this increase in granularity positively correlated with the time of the post-adipogenic induction. On the other analysis, the 0 and 10 days post adipogenic induction of 3T3-L1 cells were gated for 4 regions. The R1 region contains cells with a level of granularity similar to that seen in the control cells (non-adipogenic induction), whereas R2 to R4 regions contain cells with increasing granularity. According to all data, we have successfully established an in vitro flow cytometric detection method for the detection of lipid-accumulated cells. We wish this method will be applied on the research of obesity drugs and the design of therapeutic strategies for obesity in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0799-6632
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53771/ijstra.2022.2.1
    DOI: 10.53771/ijstra
    DOI: 10.53771/ijstra.2022.2.1.0026
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Scientific Research Archives
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
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    Evaluation of the prevention of fat accumulation efficacy of sweet potato fermented products in vivo
    Zeal Scientific Publication ; 2022
    In:  World Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2022-04-30), p. 001-009
    Details
    In: World Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Research, Zeal Scientific Publication, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2022-04-30), p. 001-009
    Abstract: Over-nutrition rather than under-nutrition is an important public health challenge in some developed countries. However, the under-nutrition is a major problem according to the global perspective. Therefore, the research and development (R & D) of agricultural functional materials or products for the prevention of fat accumulation is urgently needed. In this experiment, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats in the normal control group were fed with the normal composition for 8 weeks during the experiment. SD rats in the negative control group and three sweet potato fermented products (SPFP) groups were fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks during the experiment. According to the experimental design, three doses SPFP [250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg body weight (BW)] will be administered after 4 weeks of feeding the high fat diet. During the experiment, BW o f the SD rats was recorded every week and blood, liver, and body fat were collected for analysis of body fat rate, blood lipid content, blood glucose content, liver lipid content, and liver and renal functions. Based on the results, the consumption of SPFP does not affect liver and kidney functions, indicating that SPFP is a safe and edible agricultural material. BW change of the normal control group was significantly lower than that of the negative control group and three SPFP groups (p 〈 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the BW change rate among the groups eat the high fat feed (p 〉 0.05), but the trend of BW change rate in the low and middle doses of SPFP groups was lower than that in the other high fat feed groups. The food utilization rate of the high fat diet group was significantly higher than that of the normal diet group (p 〈 0.05). The body fat rate of the normal control group was significantly lower than that of the high fat feed groups (p 〈 0.05). There was no significant difference between the high fat feed groups (p 〉 0.05). However, the trend showed that the body fat rate of the low and middle doses of SPFP groups were lower than that of the negative control group and the high dose of SPFP group. In addition, the results of other measurement indicators such as blood lipid content, blood glucose content, and liver lipid content did not show any negative effects of SPFP. Based on the above results, although SPFP on the prevention of body fat accumulation was not significantly exhibited, however, the trend shows that the low and middle doses of SPFP can decrease body fat production. Taken these results together, SPFP may has the potential for the prevention of fat accumulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2799-0338
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53346/wjbpr.2022.2.2
    DOI: 10.53346/wjbpr
    DOI: 10.53346/wjbpr.2022.2.2.0025
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Zeal Scientific Publication
    Publication Date: 2022
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    Application of the novel environment-cleaned light-emitting diode devices in various test fields
    Zeal Scientific Publication ; 2022
    In:  World Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2022-06-30), p. 020-032
    Details
    In: World Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, Zeal Scientific Publication, Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2022-06-30), p. 020-032
    Abstract: Faced with the impact of extreme climate, countries have proposed carbon dioxide emission reductions, hoping to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, and Taiwan’s industries must also face the transformation of low-carbon green energy. Light-emitting diode (LED) is a cost effective semiconductor device that produces light within a narrow bandwidth of wavelength through electroluminescence. Recently, LED technology has attention to apply in the area of food production, preservation, and safety. At present, some researches have been demonstrated that the antimicrobial LED visible light is less anti-microbial efficacy than ultraviolet (UV) light. However, the antimicrobial LED visible light has been recognized as an alternative technology to UV light since it is an environmentally friendly and safe technology for human and animals. For this reason, LED technology has recently received attention for applying in many test fields as laboratory, pig farms, computer, bio-medical industries etc. In this study, this novel clean and disinfect tool-novel environment-cleaned LED devices were tested in the various fields and obtained the positive results as the application of novel environment-cleaned LED devices on anti-fungal efficacy, and ethylene, PM2.5, and harmful gas degradations in laboratory, anti-bacterial and virus efficacy in laboratory and/or pig farms, anti-microbial notebook panel development, and anti-colorectal cancer in vitro. In the future, we wish this novel environment-cleaned LED devices will friendly used in human and animal environments to decrease the harmful matters in the environments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2945-3178
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53346/wjast.2022.1.2
    DOI: 10.53346/wjast
    DOI: 10.53346/wjast.2022.1.2.0031
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Zeal Scientific Publication
    Publication Date: 2022
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    Development of skin health test efficacy modules in vivo
    Orion Scholar Journals Publication ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Scientific Research Updates Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2022-05-30), p. 027-036
    Details
    In: International Journal of Scientific Research Updates, Orion Scholar Journals Publication, Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2022-05-30), p. 027-036
    Abstract: Sunlight contains ultraviolet (UV) light that causes sunburn and makes the skin age faster, leading to more wrinkles as older. The UV light can come from the natural and artificial sources. Moreover, UV light has shorter wavelengths than the visible light. Therefore, people’ eyes can’t see UV, but people’ skin can feel it. In this study, the in vivo skin health test efficacy modules have been established via the detection of skin’s moisture retention (%), skin’s cytokine expression levels, enzymatic expressions in the skin, the expression levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), collagen type I, melanin, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the skin, and the experimental mice’ skin thickness and lesions via histo-pathologic examination. According to the results, the clinical behavior observation indexes of Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice in each group were normal during the experiments. Moreover, all ICR mice were survival until the end of the experiments. The moisture retention (%) of skin in ICR mice in UVB group was significant decrease after D1, D3, and D5 of UVB irradiation compared to the normal control group. Based on the IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α analysis expressions, both IL-1β and IL-6 expressions in UVB group were significantly increase than the control group, while there was no significant difference in the TNF-α expression between the groups. ICR mice’ skin enzymatic expressions in each group presented that catalase (CAT) expression and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in UVB group were significantly lower than the control group. The MDA expression in UVB group were significantly higher than the control group. The HA and collagen type I expressions in UVB group were significantly lower than the control group. However, the melanin expressions in UVB group and the control groups were not significantly different. The matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) expressions in UVB group was significantly higher than the control group. The skin epidermal thickness in UVB group was significantly thicker than the control group. The dermal thickness in two groups was not significantly different. The number of sunburn cells in the derma in UVB group was significantly increase than the control group. The solar elastosis in the derma in two groups was not significantly different. Based on the above results, we have successfully established in vivo skin health test efficacy modules to evaluate the status of skin health. We hope the modules should be provide for the research and development (R & D) of the effective treatment included drugs and therapeutic strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2783-0160
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53430/ijsru.2022.3.2
    DOI: 10.53430/ijsru
    DOI: 10.53430/ijsru.2022.3.2.0037
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Orion Scholar Journals Publication
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
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    Evaluation of genotoxicity of ethanolic extracts of Platostoma palustre by micronucleus assay
    GSC Online Press ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Science and Research Archive Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-02-28), p. 133-139
    Details
    In: International Journal of Science and Research Archive, GSC Online Press, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-02-28), p. 133-139
    Abstract: Platostoma palustre (Pp) jelly is a traditional food. Pp has been used as folk medicine and is effective against heat-shock, hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ethanolic extracts of Pp’ genotoxicity. The ethanolic extracts of Pp by using 40% ethanol for extraction. Evaluation of genotoxicity of ethanolic extracts of Pp by micronucleus assay was performed in vivo. During the in vivo genotoxicity-evaluated experiment, the experimental animal’s clinical behavior, body weight (BW), food consumption, and the percentage of RET/RBCs (reticulocytes/red blood cells) and MN-RET/RETs (micronucleated reticulocytes/reticulocytes) after the treatments of Pp ethanolic extracts were evaluated. Both sexes Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were given three daily treatments by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg of mitomycin C (genotoxicity induction) or by oral route of 200 μL of PBS (normal control group). Until 48 h after the last treatment, K2-EDTA-anticoagulated peripheral blood specimens were collected. These blood samples were processed for the microscopy-based analysis using Giemsa stain and the percentage of reticulocytes and micronucleated reticulocytes was determined. The results were shown that the experimental animal’s clinical behaviors were normal in all groups. The BW and food consumption were no significant difference between all groups. RET/RBCs (‰) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group, the normal control group, the high dose of Pp ethanolic extract group, the middle dose of Pp ethanolic extract group, and the low dose of Pp ethanolic extract group were respectively 7.8 ± 0.8 / 8.6 ± 0.8, 23.2 ± 1.5 / 22.1 ± 1.3, 22.8 ± 1.6 / 22.1 ± 1.7, 23.2 ± 1.5 / 22.6 ± 1.0 and 22.2 ± 1.9 / 23.9 ± 1.9; MN-RET/RETs (‰) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group, the normal control group, the high dose of Pp ethanolic extract group, the middle dose of Pp ethanolic extract group, and the low dose of Pp ethanolic extract group were 2.0 ± 0.0 / 2.0 ± 0.0, 43.2 ± 10.6 / 39.6 ± 10.9, 1.8 ± 0.4 / 1.6 ± 0.5, 1.6 ± 0.5 / 1.4 ± 0.5, and 1.8 ± 0.4 / 1.6 ± 0.5, respectively. Both RET/RBCs (‰) and MN-RET/RETs (‰) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group were significantly difference than the other groups (p 〈 0.001). Taken all results together, Pp ethanolic extracts were without genotoxicity. Therefore, Pp ethanolic extracts were safety.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2582-8185
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2022.5.1
    DOI: 10.30574/ijsra
    DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2022.5.1.0051
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: GSC Online Press
    Publication Date: 2022
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