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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Vol. 15 ( 2021-6-25)
    In: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2021-6-25)
    Abstract: Reversal learning requires an animal to learn to discriminate between two stimuli but reverse its responses to these stimuli every time it has reached a learning criterion. Thus, different from pure discrimination experiments, reversal learning experiments require the animal to respond to stimuli flexibly, and the reversal learning performance can be taken as an illustration of the animal's cognitive abilities. We herein describe a reversal learning experiment involving a simple spatial discrimination task, choosing the right or left side, with octopus. When trained with positive reinforcement alone, most octopuses did not even learn the original task. The learning behavior changed drastically when incorrect choices were indicated by a visual signal: the octopuses learned the task within a few sessions and completed several reversals thereby decreasing the number of errors needed to complete a reversal successively. A group of octopus trained with the incorrect-choice signal directly acquired the task quickly and reduced their performances over reversals. Our results indicate that octopuses are able to perform successfully in a reversal experiment based on a spatial discrimination showing progressive improvement, however, without reaching the ultimate performance. Thus, depending on the experimental context, octopus can show behavioral flexibility in a reversal learning task, which goes beyond mere discrimination learning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5153
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2452960-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2018
    In:  Neuroforum Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2018-11-27), p. A183-A195
    In: Neuroforum, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2018-11-27), p. A183-A195
    Abstract: Summary: Seals and sea lions are well-oriented in their habitat, the coastal regions and oceans, and are, moreover, successful hunters. During their movements between haul-out places and foraging grounds as well as during foraging, the sensory systems of seals and sea lions provide useful information, although the animals, and thus their sensory systems, face considerable challenges in their habitat and due to their amphibious lifestyle. In this review, in the first chapter, we compiled and later (chapter 4) discuss the information on the senses of seals and sea lions in general and their specific adaptations to habitat and lifestyle in particular. We hereby focus on the senses of harbor seals. Harbor seals turned into a model organism regarding the sensory systems due to intensive sensory research of the last decades. In the second and third chapter, the sensory basics are put into the context of orientation, navigation, and foraging. This allows formulating new research questions, such as where and how the information from different senses is integrated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2363-7013 , 0947-0875
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2855056-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    In: Frontiers in Physiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2017-02-07)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-042X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564217-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2018
    In:  Neuroforum Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2018-11-27), p. 273-286
    In: Neuroforum, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2018-11-27), p. 273-286
    Abstract: Robben sind in ihrem Lebensraum, den Küstenregionen und Meeren, wohlorientiert und zeigen sich als erfolgreiche Jäger. Sowohl auf ihren Wanderungen zwischen Ruheplätzen und Futtergründen als auch beim Aufspüren von Beute leisten die Sinnessysteme der Robben gute Arbeit, obwohl sich die Robben und damit ihre Sinnessysteme in ihrem Lebensraum und aufgrund ihrer amphibischen Lebensweise mit einigen Herausforderungen konfrontiert sehen. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden die bisher vorhandenen Informationen über die Sinnessysteme der Robben und über spezifische Anpassungen der Sinne an Lebensraum und -weise im ersten Kapitel zusammengetragen und im letzten Kapitel kritisch beleuchtet. Hierbei wird der Fokus auf die Erkenntnisse gelegt, die über die Sinne des Seehunds erhalten wurden, da der Seehund durch intensive Erforschung in den letzten Jahrzehnten zum Modellorganismus innerhalb der Robben hinsichtlich der Sinnesorgane wurde. Im zweiten und dritten Kapitel werden dann die sensorischen Grundlagen in Bezug zu Orientierung, Navigation und Futtersuche gesetzt. Dies ermöglicht auch das Aufzeigen von Fragenstellungen, z. B. wie und wo die Informationen einzelner Sinne integriert werden.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2363-7013 , 0947-0875
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2855056-0
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2017
    In:  Frontiers in Physiology Vol. 7 ( 2017-01-05)
    In: Frontiers in Physiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 7 ( 2017-01-05)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-042X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564217-0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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