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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can helmet design reduce the risk of concussion in football? : Technical note
    Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG) ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Neurosurgery Vol. 120, No. 4 ( 2014-04), p. 919-922
    Details
    In: Journal of Neurosurgery, Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG), Vol. 120, No. 4 ( 2014-04), p. 919-922
    Abstract: Of all sports, football accounts for the highest incidence of concussion in the US due to the large number of athletes participating and the nature of the sport. While there is general agreement that concussion incidence can be reduced through rule changes and teaching proper tackling technique, there remains debate as to whether helmet design may also reduce the incidence of concussion. A retrospective analysis was performed of head impact data collected from 1833 collegiate football players who were instrumented with helmet-mounted accelerometer arrays for games and practices. Data were collected between 2005 and 2010 from 8 collegiate football teams: Virginia Tech, University of North Carolina, University of Oklahoma, Dartmouth College, Brown University, University of Minnesota, Indiana University, and University of Illinois. Concussion rates were compared between players wearing Riddell VSR4 and Riddell Revolution helmets while controlling for the head impact exposure of each player. A total of 1,281,444 head impacts were recorded, from which 64 concussions were diagnosed. The relative risk of sustaining a concussion in a Revolution helmet compared with a VSR4 helmet was 46.1% (95% CI 28.1%–75.8%). When controlling for each player's exposure to head impact, a significant difference was found between concussion rates for players in VSR4 and Revolution helmets (χ 2 = 4.68, p = 0.0305). This study illustrates that differences in the ability to reduce concussion risk exist between helmet models in football. Although helmet design may never prevent all concussions from occurring in football, evidence illustrates that it can reduce the incidence of this injury.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3085 , 1933-0693
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3171/2014.1.JNS13916
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    RVK:
    XA 55270
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026156-1
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Retroperitoneal oblique corridor to the L2–S1 intervertebral discs in the lateral position: an anatomic study : Laboratory investigation
    Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG) ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2014-11), p. 785-793
    Details
    In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG), Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2014-11), p. 785-793
    Abstract: Access to the intervertebral discs from L2–S1 in one surgical position can be challenging. The transpsoas minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approach is preferred by many surgeons, but this approach poses potential risk to neural structures of the lumbar plexus as they course through the psoas. The lumbar plexus and iliac crest often restrict the L4–5 disc access, and the L5–S1 level has not been a viable option from a direct lateral approach. The purpose of the present study was to investigate an MIS oblique corridor to the L2–S1 intervertebral disc space in cadaveric specimens while keeping the specimens in a lateral decubitus position with minimal disruption of the psoas and lumbar plexus. Methods Twenty fresh-frozen full-torso cadaveric specimens were dissected, and an oblique anatomical corridor to access the L2–S1 discs was examined. Measurements were taken in a static state and with mild retraction of the psoas. The access corridor was defined at L2–5 as the left lateral border of the aorta (or iliac artery) and the anterior medial border of the psoas. The L5–S1 corridor of access was defined transversely from the midsagittal line of the inferior endplate of L-5 to the medial border of the left common iliac vessel and vertically to the first vascular structure that crosses midline. Results The mean access corridor diameters in the static state and with mild psoas retraction, respectively, were as follows: at L2–3, 18.60 mm and 25.50 mm; at L3–4, 19.25 mm and 27.05 mm; and at L4–5, 15.00 mm and 24.45 mm. The L5–S1 corridor mean values were 14.75 mm transversely, from midline to the left common iliac vessel and 23.85 mm from the inferior endplate of L-5 cephalad to the first midline vessel. Conclusions The oblique corridor allows access to the L2–S1 discs while keeping the patient in a lateral decubitus position without a break in the table. Minimal psoas retraction without significant tendon disruption allowed for a generous corridor to the disc space. The L5–S1 disc space can be accessed from an oblique angle consistently with gentle retraction of the iliac vessels. This study supports the potential of an MIS oblique retroperitoneal approach to the L2–S1 discs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1547-5654
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3171/2014.7.SPINE13564
    RVK:
    XA 55270.1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)
    Publication Date: 2014
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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